Who was Galileo Galilei?

"Galileo Incident"-The Holy See's trial of Galileo in 1633.

Galileo event

"Galileo Incident"-

In 1616,

By 1624, Galileo thought he had found the proof he was looking for. Even better, his old ally, Mafilio Barberini, has now been crowned Pope

Enumerated enough. But why does the church treat Galileo so harshly? Some scholars believe that this is due to Galileo's bad luck. Because he happened to publish his Dialogue at the worst of the political environment. In the early 17th century, the Catholic Church tried to avoid rebellion from within the Christian community (Protestant Reformation). When the Catholic Church was attacked, many people within the church did not like to relax restrictions on Catholic doctrine. Galileo is likely to be an indirect victim of a larger war.

Other historians point to numerous flaws in Galileo's life. There is no doubt that he was a greedy climber when he seized social and political status. His political tactics in the Italian Renaissance court set up a number of powerful rivals for himself. After his proof of the Copernican system (which was not correct), Galileo obviously hoped that he could gain great popularity and climb to the highest peak of the court pyramid: the Vatican s Holy See (he longed to be the Pope s official mathematician and astronomy Family). He took his proof of the Copernican system as a bet, but lost the bet and assumed all the consequences that followed.

Some scholars have suggested that Galileo's failure should be attributed to his personal relationship with the pope. There are documents supporting the conclusion that Pope Urban VIII felt betrayed by Galileo's false proof. Even more irritating, Galileo wrote the Pope's private conversation with Simplicio (the stupid in that book) into the final part of Dialogue.

My personal point of view is that there are many reasons why Galileo is involved in so much trouble. First, he believed that the heliocentric theory was correct and became an evangelist of this doctrine. Sadly, there are good reasons for Copernicus's heliocentric theory to have been successful within the Catholic Bishops at that time, and it is about to become an accepted basic doctrine if Galileo forcibly publishes Dialogue. Secondly, he felt that the church needed to reform its entire knowledge structure to meet the requirements of modern renewal and use a new knowledge system to resist the attacks of Protestants. In particular, Galileo believes that science has replaced theology as the primary mode of understanding of the church, and accepting Copernicus's theory would be a suitable first step. Third, he believes that when the church is just weak and defensive, he can play the most important role in forming a new doctrine. In the end, he felt that himself, Galileo Galilei, had enough authority and wisdom to turn Catholicism in this direction. When you read his work, it becomes obvious that Galileo believes that his skills in astronomy and mathematics gave him (and all scientists) a special authority that allowed him to make a theological statement and tell Rome How the Holy See should govern the church. Frankly, I wasn't surprised to learn that the Inquisition convicted him.

Unfortunately, the trouble between Galileo and the church later turned into a popular prototype of the historical relationship between science and religion. Nothing can go further than the facts. For the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, even during the Enlightenment of the 18th century, the main supporter of scientific research and teaching was, most of the time, the Roman Catholic Church. In fact, a scientific historian, John Heilbron, recently published a book entitled "The Sun in the Church," which documents how the church continued to advance research on heliocentric evidence after the Galileo incident. This even includes turning the entire church into a huge pinhole imaging camera to measure the apparent diameter of the sun's circular surface several times a year. Due to mathematical reasons, the change in the diameter of the solar apparent circle calculated by the Copernican system will be slightly different from that calculated by the Ptolemy-Aristotle system. Observational experiments hosted by the church in the 1850s and 1960s showed that the measurements clearly supported Copernicus's theory.