What is research and development?
R&D, otherwise known as research and development, is usually the concept and implementation of new products for products. The research part of the research and development concerns the phase of investigation and experimenting the creation of a new product or improvement of the existing product. The development part is a process of designing and testing the efficiency of a new product or improving the product. Worldwide, millions of dollars are spent every year on research and development by non -governmental organizations and corporations.
Research is usually an investigation into current knowledge about existing products to find a new idea for a new product. The theory behind this part of research and development is that without the discovery of innovative ideas, new products may not be created. Basic research seeks to increase knowledge of the subject, while applied research often seeks creative ideas for designing new products or ways to improve existing products. Discoverings usually need to be tested and improved than BUDou implemented on the market. For example, the drug industry usually builds years of testing to new drugs to ensure that they are safe for patients.
Unlike scientists conducting experiments, scientists working in the research and development department usually do not start tests with regard to a predetermined hypothesis. There is no guarantee that research will create any usable or tradable products, so it is risky to invest a lot in it. This may be part of the reason that many corporations leave a large part of the research part of research and development at universities.
Many companies have a research and development department, but not many of them spend a large part of the income. Most of these companies spend less than 5% of profits on research and development initiatives, cellulos, mostly in pharmaceuticals or computer industry, can spend more than 10%. In general, the more branches need new pRetrots to keep up with technology, the greater the research and development expenses to create them.
Research and development is usually carried out in the departments of research and development of many different organizations. The university, government and non -profit organizations are completed on the research side, while the development phase is carried out by manufacturers and profitable corporations. Some organizations can hire an independent research and development organization or connect their resources with similar companies to make their investments more efficient.