What Are the Different Types of Mandatory Continuing Education?

The "Provisional Measures for the Administration of Continuing Education of Licensed Pharmacists" stipulated by the Chinese Pharmacists Association: The Continuing Education Working Committee of Licensed Pharmacists is responsible for formulating the "Guideline for Continuing Education of Licensed Pharmacists. The Working Committee of Continuing Education of Practitioners of Pharmacists has formulated the "Guideline for the Continuing Education of Practitioners of Pharmacists" on the basis of studying the experience of continuing education of practising pharmacists in developed countries and regions abroad and the new version of the syllabus of practising pharmacists. The medical education network is organized as follows:

Guidelines for the continued education of licensed pharmacists nationwide

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The "Provisional Measures for the Administration of Continuing Education of Licensed Pharmacists" stipulated by the Chinese Pharmacists Association: The Continuing Education Working Committee of Licensed Pharmacists is responsible for formulating the "Guideline for Continuing Education of Licensed Pharmacists. The Working Committee of Continuing Education of Practitioners of Pharmacists has formulated the "Guideline for the Continuing Education of Practitioners of Pharmacists" on the basis of studying the experience of continuing education of practising pharmacists in developed countries and regions abroad and the new version of the syllabus of practising pharmacists. The medical education network is organized as follows:

In order to implement the work requirements of the "Trial Measures for the Continuing Education Management of Licensed Pharmacists" and the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Continuing Education for Licensed Pharmacists", further strengthen and standardize the continuing education of licensed pharmacists, and scientifically guide the design and project development of continuing education activities To promote the implementation of continuing education with quality as the core, and to continuously improve the comprehensive quality of licensed pharmacists, this outline is specially formulated.

The overall goal of continuing education for licensed pharmacists is to enable licensed pharmacists to establish and practice the concept of lifelong learning, maintain good professional ethics and practicing skills, seriously perform their duties, and provide pharmaceutical services to the public.

Continuing education for licensed pharmacists should focus on scientificity and practicality. Adhere to the principle of giving equal emphasis to the transfer of professional theoretical knowledge and practical skills; the principle of helical progression of professional theoretical knowledge and skills transfer; the principle of unity of professional knowledge transfer, service awareness, and behavior formation; the principle of combining general requirements with local reality. Focus on and progress step by step; continuously strengthen and promote the consolidation, renewal and expansion of the necessary professional knowledge of licensed pharmacists, the improvement of practical skills and the formation of service awareness; comprehensively improve the overall quality of licensed pharmacists and promote the further performance of the pharmaceutical service system improve.

The content of continuing education for licensed pharmacists should focus on pharmacy services and the goal of improving their practice capabilities, which mainly includes 8 aspects: laws and regulations related to pharmaceutical affairs management, departmental regulations, and regulatory documents; professional ethics standards, professional literacy, and professional practices Technical specifications for the rational use of medicines; guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of common conditions; drug treatment management and public health management; multidisciplinary knowledge and progress related to practice; new theories, new knowledge, new technologies and new methods in the field of pharmacy at home and abroad; pharmacy Service information technology application knowledge, etc.

(1) Relevant laws and regulations, departmental regulations and regulatory documents for pharmaceutical affairs management

The emphasis is on strengthening and improving the legal consciousness, responsibility consciousness, self-discipline consciousness and service consciousness of practicing pharmacists, and ensuring that practicing pharmacists have the ability to practice according to law. The training and learning content mainly involves:

1. Reform of medical and health system and national essential drug system;

2. Pharmaceutical production and management;

3. Drug use and drug classification management;

4. Pharmacovigilance and adverse drug management;

5. Management of Chinese medicinal materials, Chinese medicine decoction pieces and proprietary Chinese medicines;

6. Drug quality and medical guarantee drug administration;

7. Antibacterial and special drug management;

8. Drug procurement and drug advertising management;

9. Medical equipment, health food and cosmetics management;

10. Continuing education and management of registered pharmacists.

(B) professional ethics standards, professional literacy and practice standards

Focusing on the cultivation of noble professional ethics of licensed pharmacists, and better protection of patients' basic rights and respect for patient privacy; through the improvement of professional literacy, realizing personal value, thereby improving professional image and gaining social recognition; instructing licensed pharmacists to follow relevant regulations Carry out specific business work, standardize practice behaviors, cultivate patient-centered pharmacy service concepts, and promote public health; ensure that licensed pharmacists have good professional ethics, communication skills and standardized service capabilities. The training and learning content mainly involves:

1. Medical ethics and pharmaceutical ethics;

2. Professional ethics standards and applicable guidance for licensed pharmacists;

3. Ethical standards and norms of pharmacists in relevant countries or regions;

4. Responsibilities and values of pharmacists;

5. Competence of pharmacists and prevention of occupational risks;

6. Safe medication culture and medication error prevention strategies;

7. Pharmacy service etiquette and emotional management;

8. Good pharmacy service specifications;

9. Retail pharmacy business service specifications;

10. Code of conduct for practitioners in medical institutions;

11. Pharmacist Practice Rules;

12. Evaluation criteria for pharmaceutical service capabilities.

(3) Technical specifications for rational use of drugs

The focus is on guiding licensed pharmacists to master the technical standards and application principles for the rational use of drugs, and to improve their ability to use drugs rationally. Technical specifications are divided into: mandatory technical specifications and non-mandatory technical specifications. The main training involves technical specifications for the rational use of drugs:

Mandatory technical specifications

(1) Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China;

(2) "Catalogue of Narcotic Drugs", "Catalogue of Psychotropic Drugs", "Catalogue of Varieties of Toxic Drugs for Medical Use", "Catalogue of Varieties of Detoxification Drugs", "Catalogue of Varieties of Radioactive Drugs", "Classification of Precursor Chemicals "Catalogue" and "National Essential Drug List", etc .;

(3) Drug instructions.

2. Non-mandatory technical specifications

(1) "Guiding Principles for the Clinical Application of Antibacterial Drugs", "Guiding Principles for the Clinical Use of Anesthetic Drugs" and "Guiding Principles for the Clinical Use of Psychotropic Drugs";

(2) "National Formulary of China" (including children's version), "National Essential Medicine Formulary", "National Essential Medicine Clinical Application Guide" and "National Antimicrobial Treatment Guide", etc .;

(3) "Guiding Principles for the Clinical Application of Chinese Patent Medicines", "Technical Specifications for the Rational Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections", and "Regulations for the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pieces in Medical Institutions";

(4) A series of guidelines for rational use of common diseases and expert consensus.

The emphasis is on guiding licensed pharmacists to master the clinical basis of common conditions and the choice of treatment drugs (first-line, second-line, and third-line), and to improve their ability to use drugs rationally. The "standard guideline for diagnosis and treatment" with evidence-based medicine has detailed information on the clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, non-drug and drug treatment methods, and related evidence-based medicine evidence levels, which can provide doctors and pharmacists with scientific and reliable information. The diagnostic and treatment standards are of great significance for cultivating scientific clinical thinking for medical workers, reducing the number of prescription medications, and promoting rational medication use. At present, China has not established a standardized and unified standard diagnosis and treatment guide system.

1. Western medicine clinical diagnosis and treatment guide

The Western clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines used in China are a set of

1. Medication Therapy Management (MTM) is an important means for pharmacists to provide pharmaceutical services. Specifically, it refers to a series of specialized services such as medication education, consultation and guidance provided by pharmacists with a professional level of pharmaceutical technology to help patients establish Correct understanding of drug treatment, improving medication compliance, finding and correcting drug related problems (DRPs) such as drug interactions, adverse reactions, medication errors, insufficient drug use, and excessive drug use, to prevent adverse drug events, Improve the clinical effect of patients and reduce their medical burden. The application of MTM in the US medical service system is very extensive. China should speed up the construction of MTM, promote the improvement of pharmacy service capabilities of licensed pharmacists, optimize the effect of drug treatment for patients, and improve patient satisfaction. The training and learning content mainly involves:

(1) Background, operation mode and implementation effect of drug treatment management services;

(2) Preparation of the project plan for the drug treatment management service;

(3) Core elements of drug treatment management services: drug treatment review, personal medication record, drug treatment plan, intervention or referral, recording and follow-up;

Drug treatment review: Drug treatment review means that pharmacists collect basic information about the health status of patients through interviews; identify adverse symptoms caused by patients taking drugs; consider the indications, contraindications, potential adverse reactions, and interactions of drugs Next, evaluate the appropriateness of the dosage of the drug used by the patient; examine whether the patient has repeated and unnecessary medication; evaluate the compliance of the patient with the drug and the rationality of the drug cost.

Individual medication records: Individual medication records are written documents that help patients self-administer medications. The main contents of the records include prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines, herbs and nutritional supplements being used by patients. The content must be easy for patients to read and understand; records The purpose is to ensure that doctors, pharmacists, etc. can accurately grasp the medication status of patients, and even if patients frequently change medical places, they can still obtain continuous medical services.

Drug treatment plan: After the drug treatment review and the establishment of individual medication records, the pharmacist will work with the patient to formulate a medication treatment plan, detail the medication problems found during the medication review, and explain the solutions to these problems, that is, tell the patient The key issues such as what needs to be done, how to do it, and when to do it in the medication process are to encourage patients to actively manage themselves and strengthen medication compliance.

Intervention or referral: pharmacists provide drug-related consultation and intervention services to patients, and if necessary, pharmacists refer patients to doctors or other medical professionals.

Recording and follow-up: A good file system can ensure that the patient's records are properly maintained, which is conducive to promoting communication and collaboration between pharmacists and physicians, ensuring the continuity of patient treatment, helping pharmacists to prevent occupational risks, and helping to evaluate patients in drug treatment. The effectiveness of self-management proves the value of pharmacists' work. Individual medical records, basic patient information, patient medical cost information, name of pharmacist or pharmacy, specific content and duration of MTM should be provided to other medical personnel such as physicians and payers of medical costs. When a patient is hospitalized, discharged, or entered a long-term care home, the pharmacist needs to transfer the patient's information in a timely manner. If the patient's medical location remains the same, the pharmacist should arrange follow-up based on the patient's needs.

(4) How to carry out drug treatment management practice for chronically ill patients.

2. Public health management

The World Health Organization's definition of health means that an individual is in good physical, mental, and social aspects and can reach a longer healthy life. Health management is aimed at preventing and controlling the occurrence and development of diseases, reducing medical expenses, and improving the quality of life. Through health management, the public can obtain comprehensive health maintenance and protection from multiple perspectives including social, psychological, environmental, nutrition, and sports. service. Health management targets include healthy people, sub-health people, and diseased people. The training and learning content mainly involves:

(1) Establish personal health records for service clients, and provide personalized medication guidance based on their health status;

(2) Provide scientific guidance to the client's needs for long-term medication, periodic medication, preventive medication, and health care services;

(3) Help clients to change unreasonable eating habits and bad lifestyles, and reduce risk factors for chronic diseases;

(4) Carry out scientific medical treatment and rational medication education for clients.

Focusing on the transfer of knowledge in medicine, nutrition, psychology, management, and economics, promoting the expansion of the necessary professional knowledge of licensed pharmacists, and building a "biological-psychological-social-medical model". The training and learning content mainly involves:

1. Medicine: pathophysiology, anatomy physiology, basics of diagnostics, introduction to clinical medicine, internal medicine, pediatrics, hygiene, emergency medicine, epidemiology, evidence-based medicine, preventive medicine, rehabilitation medicine, etc .;

2. Traditional Chinese Medicine:

Focus on content learning related to the duties of licensed pharmacists, and promote the continuous updating of knowledge by licensed pharmacists to meet job needs. The training and learning content mainly involves:

1. New advances in pharmacotherapy;

2. Pharmacogenomics;

3. Pharmaceutical services;

4. Drug quality management;

5. Pharmaceutical preparations;

6. Drug standards.

In the context of Internet +, the use of information technology has shortened the distance between licensed pharmacists and patients, which has provided excellent development space and channels for patient-centered pharmaceutical services. The emphasis is on training and learning of information technology knowledge and application related to pharmaceutical services. The training and learning content mainly involves:

1. Relevant pharmaceutical service information systems: application of prescription review system, prescription review system, electronic drug monitoring system, rational drug information service system and medication compliance management system;

2. Establish a multi-media platform to promote pharmaceutical services: the establishment and application of micro-video, QQ, WeChat, Weibo, client and other media.

3. Organization and implementation

The Chinese Pharmacists Association is responsible for the implementation of national network-oriented continuing education demonstration pharmacists demonstration network training, the provincial (practising) pharmacists association can organize practicing pharmacists in their jurisdiction to participate in the demonstration network training courses. Provincial (practising) pharmacist associations are responsible for organizing and implementing continuing education activities for licensed pharmacists in their own jurisdictions, which can be conducted in various forms such as face-to-face, online, and correspondence; for different areas and different types of licensed pharmacists, they should be classified and guided as needed. Teach.

The Chinese Pharmacists Association is responsible for compiling the credit information of participating in the national network of continuing pharmacists 'continuing education demonstration network training, and the provincial (practising) pharmacists' association is responsible for confirming the credit information of participating in the continuing education of licensed pharmacists in their jurisdiction. The General Administration of Practitioner Pharmacist Registration Management Information System is linked.

4. Assessment and Evaluation

Use scientific and effective methods to strengthen the assessment and evaluation of continuing education for licensed pharmacists to ensure the learning effect of continuing education. Including the assessment of individual learning of licensed pharmacists and the evaluation of teaching institutions.

The assessment of individual learning can be carried out in the form of test papers. If the assessment is qualified, a credit certificate will be issued by the teaching institution; the provincial (practising) pharmacist association should evaluate the teaching institutions that carry out continuing education work in their jurisdictions each year, and take certain annual assessments. The number of face-to-face continuing education activities is evaluated on-site. The assessment includes: ^[1]

1. The content of the teaching content and the requirements;

2. Lecturer's lecture effect and lecture quality;

3. The ratio of theoretical knowledge courses to practical courses;

4. Whether the teaching hours and credits meet the requirements;

5. Organizational implementation and fees;

6. Evaluation of teaching effects.