What Does a Virologist Do?

Virology is a new subject formed by the infiltration and fusion of virology and molecular biology with virus as the research object. Specifically, it is a study of the structure and function of the viral genome based on a thorough understanding of the general morphological and structural characteristics of the virus, exploring the viral genome replication, gene expression, and its regulatory mechanisms, thereby revealing viral infection and pathogenic molecules In essence, it provides the scientific basis and scientific basis for the development of viral genetic engineering vaccines and antiviral drugs, as well as the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of viral diseases. Virologists are scientists who work on virology.

virologist

Virology is a new subject formed by the infiltration and fusion of virology and molecular biology with virus as the research object. Specifically, it is a study of the structure and function of the viral genome based on a thorough understanding of the general morphological and structural characteristics of the virus, exploring the viral genome replication, gene expression, and its regulatory mechanisms, thereby revealing viral infection and pathogenic molecules In essence, it provides the scientific basis and scientific basis for the development of viral genetic engineering vaccines and antiviral drugs, as well as the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of viral diseases. Virologists are scientists who work on virology.

Swedish pathologist Folke Henschen once said: "The history of human beings is the history of its diseases"; a pandemic of diseases or infectious diseases comes with the progress of human civilization and has a profound and comprehensive impact on human civilization. Many controlled infectious diseases are making a comeback. The discovery of a series of new infectious diseases has made people realize that, despite the advantages they have, humanity's fight against infectious diseases will never end. Such a group of scientists is leading people to fight the virus ...

Chinese name

virologist

Foreign name

Folke Henschen

Research areas

virus

Research object

virus

Martinus Wllem Beijerinck, 1851-1931, Dutch microbiologist. Graduated from Delft Institute of Technology in 1872. He received his PhD in 1887. Since 1895, he has taught at the Delft Institute of Technology. During his research on tobacco mosaic disease, Bergerineck found that extracting infected tobacco leaf juice could infect robust plants, but neither bacterial pathogens were found in the leaf juice, nor microorganisms were cultivated from the leaf juice. It was also found that infected plants can infect another robust plant and endlessly infect, indicating that the infectious agent is capable of multiplying. He pointed out that tobacco mosaic disease is caused by non-bacterial pathogens. Bergerinck pointed out that the pathogenic factors that cause tobacco mosaic disease have three characteristics: 1. It can pass bacterial filters; 2. It can only Intracellular reproduction; 3, can not grow in vitro non-living material. Based on these characteristics, he proposed that this pathogenic factor is not a bacterium, but a new substance called "infectious living liquid", and named the virus, Latin name "Virus". Bergerinck was the first to discover and name the virus.

Rous, Francis Peyton, 1879-1970, a famous virologist in the United States, proved that animal cancer is caused by a virus, and won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1966. Born in Baltimore, Maryland on October 5, 1879; died in New York on February 16, 1970. Rolls studied at Johns Hopkins University and received a medical degree in 1905. In 1909 he entered the Rockefeller Medical Institute. Soon after he arrived at the institute, a poultry breeder came to his door, holding a Plymouth Rock chicken in his hand, and wanted to ask someone to check it. This rock chicken has a tumor. The chicken died later, and Rolls wanted to find out if there was a virus in it. (Rouse was sure it was virus-free.) He crushed the tumor and passed the debris through a filter that blocked all infectious agents except the virus. However, he found that the "cell-free filtrate" obtained was contagious and caused other chickens to grow tumors. He did not dare call it a virus in a 1911 report. Twenty-five years later, there has been considerable progress in virus research, and this filterable substance has also been determined to be a virus. "Rouse Chicken Sarcoma Virus" is one of the first "oncology viruses" discovered. In 1966, he shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology for this work. It's been 55 years since the work was completed and the award was awarded, and he's already 87 years old, but he's still actively researchingall of which are record-breaking. In fact, he has been working until his 90th birthday.

Renato Dulbecco, Italian virologist born February 22, 1914. Born in Cantanzaro, Italy. Durbeco received a medical degree from the University of Turin in 1936, moved to the United States in 1947, and became an American citizen in 1953. He taught at the California Institute of Technology, and also worked at the Salk Institute and the University of California Medical School in San Diego. Durbeco's most important job is to study cancer viruses, and how they make cells chemically change to cause cancer. Because there are numerous and complicated chemical reactions interacting in the cell, he advocated the technology of injecting a single viral gene with a known function into the cell without injecting the entire virus to study the chemical changes that occur. The effect of this technology led him to share the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine. In 1973 he won the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize of Columbia University.

1909-, Chinese virologist. Born in Taozhuang Town, Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province on March 3, 1909. He graduated from Soochow University with a bachelor of science degree in 1930. He went to the United States the same year and received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Rawlins College. He was transferred to Yale University Graduate School in 1931, and received his Ph.D. In the same year, he went to the University of London Institute for short-term research and returned to China to serve as a professor in the Department of Biology of Wuhan University. In 1945, he went to the United States again to conduct virological research in the laboratory of WM Stanley, a virologist and biochemist at the Rockefeller Medical Institute. Since returning to China in 1947, he has been at Wuhan University and has served as the director of the Department of Biology, the dean of the Faculty of Science, the Provost, and the Vice President of Wuhan University. He is a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, vice president of the Wuhan Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and director of the Wuhan Institute of Virology.

In 1947 he founded China's earliest virology laboratory at Wuhan University. In 1955 and 1978, he founded the first major in microbiology and the first department of virology in the university. Many of his students have become well-known scholars at home and abroad.

For decades, he has conducted research on the properties of tobacco mosaic virus, influenza virus, chicken Newcastle disease virus, silkworm pus virus, rhizobium phage, porcine asthma pathogen, tumor virus, and various insect viruses, and their relationship with the host. Research, published more than 110 research papers. In 1947, in his thesis "Comparative Study of Two Tobacco Mosaic Viruses Isolated from Turkish Tobacco and Phlox", he put forward the correctness of "the nature of the virus, especially the physical and chemical properties, does not differ depending on the host". view. In 1958, at the International Symposium on Virology organized by the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, he read "Research on Tissue Culture Methods for Cultivating Sepsis Virus", which was considered to be a major breakthrough in tissue culture methods for invertebrates. In 1980, under his guidance, the Department of Virology of Wuhan University successfully developed China's first nationally recognized viral insecticide, W-78 cabbage cabbage butterfly granulose virus insecticide. He also published monographs on "Virus under the Electron Microscope" (1958, 1962) and "30 Years of Chinese Virology Research" (1980).

He is the vice chairman of the Chinese Society of Microbiology and the chairman of the professional committee of virology. He was accepted as a member of the American Sigma Society in his early years. In 1981, he received an honorary doctorate degree in science from Rollins College.