What is a Futurist?

Futurism is a modernist literary and artistic genre that appeared in Italy in the early 20th century and subsequently became popular in Russia, France, Britain, and Germany. Italy's Marinetti is the founder and theorist of Futurism, and his thesis "Futuristic Manifesto" is the symbol of the birth of this genre. Futurism is a popular social trend in the West. It aims to predict and predict the future of social development based on human past development and scientific knowledge in order to control and plan the current process and better adapt to the future. Its development went through three stages: the first stage was in the 1940s, and social development theory focused on political development, reflecting the fear and criticism of totalitarianism. Representatives include Huxley and Orwell; the second stage was 50 In the 1960s and 1960s, the theme of discussing economic development reflected the characteristics of the post-war economic recovery period and the great economic development period of the 1960s. Representatives include Galbraith, Rostow, and Aron; the third stage was after the 1970s Based on the development of science and technology, it reflects the introspection of the new technological revolution and the future of human life. Representatives include members of the Roman Club Daniel Bell, Hermann Kahn, Arvin Toffler, Brzezin Sky and Naisbitt et al. ^[1]

[wèi lái zh yì]

Futurism is a modernist literary and artistic genre that appeared in Italy in the early 20th century and subsequently became popular in Russia, France, Britain, and Germany. Italy's Marinetti is the founder and theorist of Futurism, and his thesis "Futuristic Manifesto" is the symbol of the birth of this genre. Futurism is a popular social trend in the West. It aims to predict and predict the future of social development based on human past development and scientific knowledge in order to control and plan the current process and better adapt to the future. Its development went through three stages: the first stage was in the 1940s, and social development theory focused on political development, reflecting

The Founding and Declaration of Futurism

On February 20, 1909, the Italian poet Marinetti published the "Foundation and Declaration of Futurism" in the Figaro newspaper in Paris. On the one hand, the declaration eulogizes modern industrial civilization, science and technology has completely changed the traditional concepts of time and space, and "the magnificent world has acquired a new beauty-the beauty of speed." , Strength, and competition; on the other hand, cursing all old traditional culture, sweeping away all cultural heritage since ancient Rome, and advocating the destruction of all museums, libraries and colleges. They shouted, "Let's do it! Ignite the bookshelf of the library! Drown the river and flood all the museum galleries, ah! Watching those pretentious ancient paintings torn, faded, and floating on the water What a joy! Raise your axe and hammer to destroy the castles that are worshipped by gods! "

Futuristic Painting Manifesto

On March 8, 1910, painters Boccuni, Cara, and Bara also published "

Russia in the early 20th century

A worldwide new technological revolution has emerged after the Second World War. The emergence of the new technological revolution has caused a series of profound and extensive changes in the development of human society, especially in developed countries, since the 1960s. Understanding and grasping these changes and their development trends in order to predict the future and destiny of human society has become an urgent desire of people. Rethinking the relationship between the global environment and development: The issue of environmental issues has risen to a global issue since the 1960s. It requires people to think and solve the problem of the positive and negative effects of technological development on social development in general. This is where the need arises.

Futurism has four theoretical sources: futurology, scientific determinism, convergence theory, and ecology.

Futurology is the parent discipline of futurism

Futurology refers to an emerging comprehensive discipline that takes future problems as its research object. It mainly explores the impact of large industrial production methods and the new technological revolution on social development, reveals the possibility of various choices made according to human needs, and predicts and explains the future development direction and prospects.

The implications of futurism for futurism are: scientific prediction is possible, future research can become science; future research is closely related to social development, and predictions of the future can become the basis for people's actions.

Scientific determinism is a direct theoretical source of futurism

Technology determinism (also known as technology doctrine) is a social trend of thought that occurred in the United States in the 1920s.

Futurism is also discussed around the following three Americans and three books

Daniel Bell, The Coming of Post-Industrial Society, Commercial Press, 1986.

Alvin Toffler, The Third Wave, Xinhua Publishing House, 1996.

The advent of post-industrial society

John Naisbitt, Megatrends, China Social Science Press, 1984.

Futurism, especially the social history school, is based on the concept of "post-industrial society", which was first proposed by American sociologist and political philosopher Bell in 1959. According to its technical axis principle (also known as the axis principle), Bell believes that capitalism and socialism are both part of the social process of industrialization and bureaucratic bureaucracy. They both need to transition to a post-industrial society, and future society will The characteristics and functions of these two societies are unified.

American futurist Toffler divides the development of human society into three phases, the agricultural wave, the industrial wave, and the knowledge wave, according to the role of industrial structure, especially technology, in the process of social development. He believes that the new civilization of the third wave will be An "actual gang" (different from "utopia"), as a product of industrialization, both capitalism and socialism must transition to "actual gangs".

According to the degree of social informatization, American social predictor Nasbitt divided the development of human society into three stages: agricultural society, industrial society, and information society. He believes that the gap between the two social systems will be based on the information society. Get bridged. At the same time, he concluded from the reform of the economic system of the socialist countries and the adjustment of the economic policies of the capitalist countries that both social systems are developing towards privatization.