What is a Medium Of Exchange?

"Cash" refers to the exchange medium that can be immediately put into circulation within a certain range, as determined by the laws of each sovereign country. It is universally acceptable and can be effectively used immediately to purchase goods, goods, services, or repay debt. It is the most liquid asset in an enterprise. Paper scrolls and coins that can be used at any discretion by the enterprise.

[xiàn jn]

Ancient Chinese coins, which sprouted in the Xia Dynasty, originated in the Yin and Shang Dynasties, developed in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and unified in winning the Qin Dynasty. After a long history of more than 4,000 years, they have created more than 70 world records. Not only that,

1. Pay individual employees' salaries, bonuses and allowances.

2. Payment of employees' pensions, funeral subsidies, and various labor insurance and benefits, as well as other expenditures on individuals stipulated by the state.

3. Pay personal labor compensation.

4. Science and technology, culture, art, sports and other bonuses to individuals according to national regulations.

5. Pay for the purchase of agricultural and sideline products and other materials from individuals.

6. Travelers must carry travel expenses with them.

7. Sporadic expenditures below the settlement starting point (1,000 yuan). 8. Warp

General cash accounting

cash

In order to calculate and supervise the receipt, payment and balance of inventory cash in a comprehensive way, a "cash in inventory" account should be set up. The account belongs to the asset class. The borrower reflects the increase in inventory cash, the lender reflects the decrease in inventory cash, and the ending balance is on the borrower, reflecting the actual inventory cash held by the enterprise. If there is a foreign currency cash receipt and payment, a cash detail account should be opened in the cash account for each currency and detailed accounting should be performed.

Cash income accounting

Corporate income cash is mainly cash received through operating income, recovery of borrowing and debit balances, and cash drawn from banks by issuing checks. The cash receipt voucher that has been completed by the cashier must be stamped with "Receipt" and can be entered into the account after being reviewed by a special person. When earning cash, debit the "cash in cash" account, and credit the relevant account based on the source of the income cash.

For example: a cashier's check issued by an enterprise, withdrawing 2,000 yuan in cash to supplement the cash limit of inventory.

cash

Borrow: Cash in stock 2 000

Loan: Bank Deposit 2 000

The company received 1,005 yuan in cash for the sale of goods, of which the payment was 834.15 yuan and the value-added tax was 170.85 yuan. Borrow: Cash on hand 1 005

Loan: Main business income 834.15

Taxes payable-VAT payable (output tax) 170.85

Cash expenditure accounting

If the company pays cash, a person should carefully review the content of the cash expenditure. The content of the review mainly includes whether it meets the scope of cash expenditure and relevant provisions of financial policies and financial systems, and whether the certificate is signed by the person in charge, Forgery or false reporting of fraudulent claims. Only the original vouchers that have been verified and verified can be used as the basis for the preparation of payment vouchers, and payment can be made by the cashier and stamped with "Payment". When disbursing cash, debit related subjects according to the purpose of the disbursed cash, and credit inventory cash subjects.

For example: the administrative department of the company reimburses 900 yuan for transportation expenses and pays in cash.

Borrow: Management Fee 900

Credit: Cash on hand 900

The company withdrew cash to pay 100,000 yuan.

cash

Borrow: payable to employees 100,000

Loan: 100,000 cash inventory cash accounting In order to ensure the safety and integrity of cash and ensure that the accounts are consistent, the company should conduct periodic and irregular inventory inspections. The cash check includes a daily check by the cashier and a check by the check team. The method of cash check is to carry out physical inventory, that is, to check the actual amount of cash in stock with the balance of the "cash journal".

If there is any cash shortage or surplus in the inventory that needs to be identified, it should be accounted for under the heading Profits and losses of pending assets current assets and assets. If it is caused by a bookkeeping error or a lost document, the error should be corrected or re-accounted; if it is a liability accident due to a job failure or should be part of the insurance company's compensation, debit the "other receivables" account; For other reasons, according to the authority of management, debit the "Administrative Expenses" account after approval; if it is a cash surplus that belongs to payable to the relevant unit or person, the "Other Payables" account should be credited; The surplus that has been identified is transferred to the "non-operating income" subject after approval.

For example: the company found a cash surplus of 800 yuan during the cash check.

Borrow: 800 in cash

Loans: Pending property spillovers-Pending current assets spillovers 800

During the cash check, the company found a cash shortage of 1,000 yuan.

Borrow: Pending property spillovers-Pending current asset spillovers of 1,000

Credit: Cash in stock 1 000

Among the 800 yuan in which cash surplus was found: 400 yuan was a borrower's debit to Zhang, and the other 400 yuan could not be identified.

Borrow: Pending property spillovers-Pending current asset loss over 800

Loan: other payables-cash payable surplus (Zhang) 400

cash

Non-operating income 400

Of the 1,000 yuan found to be short of cash: 300 yuan should be compensated by the cashier, 200 yuan should be compensated by the insurance company, and 500 yuan could not be identified.

Borrow: other receivables-cash receivable shortage (X cashier) 300

Insurance receivables 200

Management fee 500

Loans: Pending property spillovers-Pending current asset spillovers of 1,000