What Is a Lower Endoscopy?

(1) The patient is instructed to put on the examination pants with holes and take the left side with the legs flexed. (2) The operator first conducts a digital rectal examination to find out whether there are tumors, stenosis, hemorrhoids, and anal fissures. The assistant applies lubricant to the tip of the colonoscope (usually silicone oil, liquid paraffin is not available), and then instructs the patient to open his mouth to breathe, relax the anal sphincter, and press the lens with the index finger of his right hand to slide the lens into the anus. Progressive mirror. (3) Slowly insert the colonoscope in accordance with the principle of insertion of the cavity into the mirror and slide in, a small amount of gas injection, appropriate hook pull, straight bending, anti-stemming, and anti-snoring. Special attention should be paid to shortening and straightening the sigmoid colon and the transverse colon. Appropriate hooking and rotation of the spleen and hepatic flexures, as well as the patient's breathing and posture into the mirror, to reduce the angle of turning and shorten the examination distance.

Lower gastrointestinal endoscopy includes colonoscopy and enteroscopy. Because the latter is less used, the equipment and technical requirements are very high. Only colonoscopy is discussed here.

Name: Lower gastrointestinal endoscopy

category: Endoscope

Normal lower gastrointestinal endoscopy

(1) The patient is instructed to put on the examination pants with holes and take the left side with the legs flexed. (2) The operator first conducts a digital rectal examination to find out whether there are tumors, stenosis, hemorrhoids, and anal fissures. The assistant applies lubricant to the tip of the colonoscope (usually with silicone oil, liquid paraffin is not available), and then instructs the patient to open his mouth to breathe, relax the anal sphincter, and press the lens with the index finger of his right hand to slide the lens into the anus. Progressive mirror. (3) Slowly insert the colonoscope in accordance with the principle of insertion of the cavity into the mirror and slide in, a small amount of gas injection, appropriate hook pull, straight bending, anti-stemming, and anti-snoring. Special attention should be paid to shortening and straightening the sigmoid colon and the transverse colon. Appropriate hooking and rotation of the spleen and hepatic flexures, as well as the patient's breathing and posture into the mirror, to reduce the angle of turning and shorten the examination distance.

Clinical significance of lower gastrointestinal endoscopy

Abnormal results: Basic pathological changes of colon diseases, such as inflammation, ulcers, and tumors are similar to upper gastrointestinal diseases. People who need to be checked: diarrhea, blood in the stool, lower abdominal pain, anemia, abdominal mass and other symptoms and signs. .

Precautions for lower gastrointestinal endoscopy

Unsuitable population: acute severe colitis, such as severe dysentery, ulcerative colitis, and diverticulitis. Contraindications before testing: eating and drinking. Requirement during examination: cooperate with doctor.

Lower gastrointestinal endoscopy

The signs that reached the ileocecal part were a crescent-shaped appendix, a Y-shaped (panel-like) blind-folded fold, and a fish-like ileocecal flap. Whipworm was still visible in some patients. A light mass concentrated in the right lower abdomen can be seen on the body surface. Adjust the apex angle of the colonoscope as far as possible at the mouth of the ileocecal valve, insert or squeeze into the ileocic valve, and observe the intestinal cavity and mucosa in the 15-30cm range of the terminal ileum.

Diseases related to lower gastrointestinal endoscopy

Celiac disease, Crohn's disease

Symptoms of lower gastrointestinal endoscopy

Stools such as tar, red blood in the stool, phlegm dampness, polydipsia, lower abdominal pain, right lower abdominal pain, left lower abdominal pain, right lower abdominal pain with vomiting ^[1]