What Is Macrocephaly?

Craniocerebral congenital malformations can lead to a variety of morphological changes of the brain and different nervous system dysfunctions.

Craniocerebral congenital malformation

Craniocerebral congenital malformations can lead to a variety of morphological changes of the brain and different nervous system dysfunctions.

(A) congenital hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is mainly a large increase in hydrocephalus in the brain. The clinical manifestation is mainly that the skull is rapidly enlarged, the cranial suture is separated from the cardia, and the head is tested positive for light transmission. According to the length of the disease, there are different degrees of mental retardation and nervous system.
(Two) cranial stenosis

Due to the premature closure of the skull bone suture, it can be divided into hereditary diseases and sporadic diseases. Clinical manifestations include small cranial cranial deformities, often with intracranial hypertension and mental retardation.
(3) Penetrating deformity of the brain is that one or more leaky cavities in the cerebral hemisphere can communicate with the ventricle or subarachnoid space. The symptoms are obvious mental retardation and other symptoms of the nervous system.
(4) Macrocephaly is a rare case. The head and brain (partly caused by glial cell proliferation) may be low in normal or abnormal intelligence.
(5) The microcephaly is caused by autosomal recessiveness in the primary person, and the secondary person is caused by a pregnant woman's virus infection or other reasons. The former is usually accompanied by moderate to severe mental retardation, and the intelligence level of the latter depends on the cause of the disease and the degree of small head.
(6) Cerebral gyrus deformities, including large or small brain gyrus deformities, have obvious intellectual and emotional disorders.

Cranial fissure is a congenital defect of the skull divided into recessive cranial fissure and cystic (or dominant) cranial fissure. The former two are rare.
Cranial fissures often occur at the midline of the skull, and can occur at the cranial and base of the skull. It is more common in the occipital region and also in the forehead; those at the base of the skull can bulge from the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, or orbital. Can bulge to the side.
Recessive craniotomy has no mass. Cystic craniotomy can be divided into meningocele or meningocele. The latter sac contains tissue or partially dilated ventricles, etc. In this case, the skull is often a small head, and the swollen part is particularly large and the base is large or small.

Clinical manifestations of craniocerebral congenital malformations

Depending on the location and size of the bulge, the mass can gradually grow and have a certain degree of compression. Most of the pillows see round or oval cystic masses at the junction of the top of the pillow; those at the base of the nose have bales at the base of the nose. The mass of the protruding orbital space widened and the orbital cavity was compressed and narrowed. The shape of the eye changed into a triangle. Neurological symptoms can be manifested as mental retardation, convulsions or other brain damage, different degrees of paralysis, hypertendinous reflexes, cortical diagnosing disorders, and cerebellar symptoms and signs can sometimes be asymptomatic.

Craniocerebral congenital malformations

It is not difficult to make a correct diagnosis based on the appearance characteristics of the bulging mass and the combined neurological examination, etc. Sometimes the skull defect can be touched at the base of the mass, including the light transmission test to know whether it contains brain tissue. Plain radiographs of the skull can determine the bone defect Location and scope

Craniocerebral congenital malformation

It is mainly the surgical treatment of huge meningocele, which has caused neurological symptoms such as severe mental retardation, paralysis, blindness, and discomfort. The curative effect is not good. Other feasible operations have different opinions on the choice of operation time. It can be performed from the month of birth to the age of one year, or it can be performed after a little older to facilitate tissue repair and plastic surgery.
The purpose of the operation is to remove the bulging mass, including the capsular contents that may be removed, and repair the dural defect and soft tissue defect. This is an important step in surgery. Skull defects are generally not repaired, but some areas such as the nasal frontal bone defect are too wide and the orbital distance can be corrected surgically.
Surgical methods can be performed from the extracranial and intracranial methods. Extracranial methods are suitable for occipital bulges and individual cases with small bone defects at the root of the nose. Intracranial methods are mainly used at the base of the skull and nasopharynx or orbital Or take a combined surgery.