What Is Bulk Cargo?

Bulk cargo is divided into bulk cargo and container bulk cargo. The bulk cargo referred to here is container bulk cargo, including dry (solid) bulk cargo and liquid bulk cargo.

bulk cargo

Bulk cargo is divided into bulk bulk cargo and container bulk cargo. The bulk cargo referred to here is container bulk cargo, including dry (solid) bulk cargo and liquid bulk cargo.

Bulk cargoes have bulk cargoes and

1. Receive the customer's inquiry; when the customer inquires the charter shipping, the customer should know the following issues.

(1) Mode of transport: Panamax and Cape of Good Hope;

(2) port of shipment and port of discharge;

(3) the name and quantity of the goods;

(4) Loading rate and unloading rate;

(5) Waterlines at loading and unloading ports;

(6) Estimated time of transportation;

(7) Customer unit name, contact person, telephone, telex, email, fax, etc.

After knowing this information, the customer will be informed that the freight company will report the freight of the chartered ship as soon as possible, as well as the cost of customs declaration and agency at the port.

2.Understanding the time for users to load and unload ports

After the user and the freight company have identified the transportation agent and customs declaration agreement, the user will be notified in advance to provide the required full set of customs declaration documents according to the time when the ship arrives at the port of unloading.

3. Time limit for import declaration: The declaration will be made within 14 days from the date of the declaration of entry of the transportation means. The overdue customs certificate will receive a late payment. If the tax is not paid within 14 days, the customs will charge a late payment.

4. Inspection and inspection procedures: inspection-payment of commodity inspection fees-entry and exit customs clearance-water rule measurement-sampling test-quality certificate

Customs declaration procedures: declaration-inspection-taxation-release-customs clearance

5.Customs clearance documents

Inspection and inspection documents: inspection commission, inspection and inspection form, contract, invoice, foreign dipstick weight and quality certificate.

Customs declaration: Customs declaration, customs declaration, contract, invoice, weight order, customs clearance form, insurance policy, copy of letter of credit.

Freight rates are calculated according to the tariffs specified by the liner company. At present, the tariffs formulated by shipping companies in various countries have different formats, but their basic contents are relatively close.

The shipping company's price list is generally divided into several levels according to the different types and properties of the goods, and the ease of loading and storage. In the same route, due to the different levels of goods, the basic rates charged by shipping companies are different. Therefore, the level of goods has a lot to do with the level of freight.

Secondly, the calculation standards for freight rates are also different. For example, heavy goods are generally charged by weight ton, freight is lightly charged at the size of ton. Some high-value products are charged at a certain percentage of the value of FOB. Some products are charged. Calculated according to the mixed method, for example, based on weight ton or size ton, and then add some ad valorem freight, as shown in the freight table:

1. Collected by weight ton, called weight ton. "W" is listed in the table. It is calculated per metric ton or per long ton.

2. Collected according to the volume of the cargo, it is called size ton. "M" is listed in the table. Generally, 1 cubic meter or 40 cubic feet is used as the unit of calculation.

3. Calculated according to the volume or weight selected by the ship's party, listed in the table as "W / M".

4. Calculated based on a certain percentage of the FOB value of the product, called Ad Valorem, which is listed in the table as Ad Val or AV.

Fives. Calculated according to mixing standards, such as W / M plus AV. That is, weight ton or size ton plus ad valorem freight. In addition, there are some commodities that are charged per unit or head, the former such as vehicles and the latter such as live livestock. For bulk commodities, such as grain, ore, coal, etc., because of the large volume, low price, easy loading and unloading, etc., the shipping company can negotiate the freight rate with the cargo owner in order to obtain the source of the cargo.

Calculating the freight rate based on the freight rate table is a relatively complicated task. It is not only necessary to be familiar with the basic content of the freight rate table, but also to work carefully. When calculating the freight rate, in addition to the route and the grade of the product, firstly the basic rate (Basis Rate) to calculate the basic freight, and then find out the various additional costs items, and take into account the additional costs that need to be spent one by one.

These surcharge items are many. For example, due to different products, different ports, or other reasons, there may be surcharges, and you must keep track of its changes at any time.

There are roughly the following surcharges:

1. Additional surcharges due to different product characteristics, such as overweight surcharge, extra long surcharge, cabin washing fee, etc.

2. Surcharges due to different circumstances of the port, such as port surcharge, port congestion fee, port selection fee, direct flight surcharge, etc.

3. Surcharges temporarily increased for other reasons, such as fuel surcharges and depreciation surcharges.

In fact, there are many names of surcharges, far more than the above. It is worth noting that some surcharges, such as port congestion charges, account for a large proportion of freight rates. Compared with basic freight rates, they are as low as 10%, as much as 100%, or even more than double. Therefore, the calculation of surcharges cannot be ignored when calculating freight.