What is Medical Waste Management?

Medical waste refers to directly or indirectly infectious, toxic, and other hazardous wastes generated by medical and health institutions in medical, prevention, health care, and other related activities. Medical waste is divided into five categories and listed in the National Hazardous Waste List.

Chinese name: Medical waste
Foreign name: Medical waste
Definition: Waste generated during patient diagnosis and other activities

Basic classification: Infectious, pathological, and traumatic
Related regulations: State Council Order No. 380
Regulation implementation time: June 16, 2003

Overview of medical waste

English name: Medical waste

Hospital waste refers to all waste that needs to be discarded and cannot be reused in hospitals, including biological and non-biological, as well as domestic waste. Medical waste refers to waste generated during the process of diagnosis, treatment and nursing of patients.

Medical waste may contain a large number of pathogenic microorganisms and harmful chemicals, and even radioactive and damaging substances, so medical waste is an important risk factor that causes disease transmission or related public health problems.

Classification of medical waste

The Medical Waste Classification Catalog divides medical waste into 5 categories:

Medical waste infectious waste

Infectious waste refers to medical waste that carries pathogenic microorganisms and has the risk of causing the spread of infectious diseases, including items contaminated by patients' blood, body fluids, excreta, and medical waste plastic products such as garbage produced by infectious patients

Medical waste pathological waste

Pathological waste refers to human waste and medical animal corpses generated during the diagnosis and treatment process, including waste human tissue generated during surgery, waste human tissue after pathological sectioning, and pathological wax blocks;

Medical waste damaging waste

Traumatic waste refers to abandoned medical sharps that can puncture or cut the human body, including medical needles, scalpels, scalpels, glass test tubes, etc .;

Medical waste pharmaceutical waste

Pharmaceutical waste refers to obsolete medicines that are out of date, eliminated, deteriorated or contaminated, including general medicines, and cytotoxic and genotoxic drugs;

Medical waste chemical waste

Chemical waste refers to waste chemical products that are toxic, corrosive, flammable and explosive, such as waste chemical reagents, chemical disinfectants, mercury sphygmomanometers, mercury thermometers, and so on.

Environmental pollution of medical waste

1. Soil pollution

Medical waste occurs with the medical service process, such as improper disposal and arbitrary open storage, not only occupying a large amount of land, leading to a reduction in available land resources, but also a large number of toxic waste residues or waste liquids are circulated everywhere in nature, and it is easy to contact the soil Some medical and health institutions even simply bury medical waste, which is very contaminated to the soil. And once the toxic substances of medical waste enter the soil, they will be adsorbed by the soil, causing pollution to the soil, killing the microorganisms and protozoa in the soil, destroying the micro-ecology in the soil, and in turn will reduce the soil's ability to degrade pollutants. ; Acids, alkalis and salts will change the nature and structure of the soil, cause soil acidification, alkalization, hardening, affect the development and growth of plant roots, and damage the ecological environment; at the same time, many toxic organic substances and heavy metals will Plants accumulate in the body. After the human body inhales, it will cause serious damage to the liver and nervous system, induce cancer and deform the fetus.

2. Water pollution

Medical waste can pollute water bodies through various ways. For example, it can enter rivers and lakes with surface runoff, or fall into water bodies with wind migration. Especially when medical waste is placed in the open air or mixed with domestic waste in the open air, harmful substances are exposed to rainwater. It can easily flow into rivers, lakes and seas, causing serious pollution and destruction of water bodies. The most serious is that some medical and health institutions even dump medical waste directly into rivers, lakes or coastal waters, causing greater pollution. After entering the water body, the toxic and harmful substances in it will lead to the deterioration of water quality, threaten the safety of human drinking water, and endanger human health; secondly, it will affect the normal growth of aquatic organisms, and even kill aquatic organisms, destroying the ecological balance of water bodies; They often contain heavy metals and synthetic organic matter. Most of these substances are extremely stable and difficult to degrade. Once the water body is polluted, it is difficult to recover. For medical wastes containing infectious pathogenic bacteria, once they enter the water body, they will quickly cause infectious diseases Spreading quickly, with unpredictable consequences. Many organic medical wastes also produce leachate like municipal waste after long-term storage. Leachate hazards are well known. It can enter the soil and contaminate groundwater, or it can directly flow into rivers, lakes and oceans, resulting in a shortage of water quality.

3.Air pollution

During the stacking process of medical wastes, under the action of temperature and moisture, certain organic substances are decomposed to generate harmful gases; some medical wastes themselves contain a large amount of volatile organic compounds, and they will spontaneously ignite during the stacking process, emitting CO ₂ , Gases such as SO ₂ not only pollute the environment, but once the fire spreads, it is difficult to rescue; medical waste in the state of particulates will fly with the wind and spread to the distance under the wind, which will pollute the environment and affect human health It will also pollute buildings, flowers, fruits and trees, affect the appearance and health, and expand the area and scope of harm. In addition, during the transportation and treatment of medical waste, if strict sealing measures are not adopted, the harmful gases and dust generated are also very serious. of. The harmful gases and dust diffused into the atmosphere will not only cause the deterioration of atmospheric quality, but also once enter the human body and other biological communities. It will also endanger human health and ecological balance ^[1] .

Medical waste collection and transportation

Collect shipping details:

1. They are placed in special packaging or containers according to categories to ensure that there is no damage, leakage or other defects in the packaging or containers. The damaged packaging should be treated as a treatment waste.

2. The waste should not be overfilled. When it is larger than 3/4, it should be sealed. The seal should be tight and tight, indicating the department and quantity.

3. Classified collection, no mixing; no leakage; no pollution (weapons are placed in sharp boxes, non-weapons are placed in packaging bags).

4. To prevent loss, leakage, spread and direct contact with the body when transporting; transport medical wastes should use special transport tools that are impervious, scattered, have no sharp corners, and are easy to load and clean. Various packaging and transport tools should have special medical treatment. Waste identification.

5. Establish a temporary storage place and equipment for medical waste, and it shall not be stored in the open air, and a special person shall be responsible for management.

6. Do a good job of registration, including the source, type, weight and quantity, transfer time, final destination and signature of the operator, etc. The information is kept for three years.

7, timely cleaning and disinfection of garbage storage, facilities, and prohibit the transfer of medical waste for sale.

8. The storage time of medical waste should not exceed 2 days. Clean and disinfect the transportation tools after the daily work.

9. When medical waste is lost, leaked, spread, or accidents occur, it should be reported to the competent administrative department of health in a timely manner within 48 hours; when an infectious disease occurs, it should be reported in accordance with relevant regulations and urgently handled.

Medical Waste Management Regulations

State Council Order No. 380

Date of promulgation: 20030616 Date of implementation: 20030616 Issued by: State Council

Medical Waste Chapter 1

General

Article 1 In order to strengthen the safety management of medical waste, prevent the spread of disease, protect the environment, and protect human health, these regulations are formulated in accordance with the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases" and "the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes".

Article 2 The medical waste referred to in these Regulations refers to wastes that are directly or indirectly infectious, toxic, and other hazardous substances generated by medical and health institutions in medical treatment, prevention, health care, and other related activities.

The classified catalog of medical wastes shall be jointly formulated and published by the health administrative department of the State Council and the environmental protection administrative department.

Article 3 These regulations apply to the collection, transportation, storage, disposal, supervision and management of medical waste.

Domestic garbage produced by infectious disease patients or suspected infectious disease patients admitted by medical and health institutions shall be managed and disposed of as medical waste.

The management of discarded anesthetic, mental, radioactive, toxic drugs and other related wastes in medical and health institutions shall be carried out in accordance with relevant laws, administrative regulations and relevant national regulations and standards.

Article 4 The State promotes the centralized and harmless treatment of medical waste, and encourages research and development of technologies for the safe disposal of medical waste.

Local people's governments at or above the county level are responsible for organizing and constructing centralized medical waste disposal facilities.

The state shall give appropriate support to the construction of centralized medical waste disposal facilities in remote and poor areas.

Article 5 The competent administrative departments of health of the people's governments at and above the county level shall implement unified supervision and management of disease prevention and control in the collection, transportation, storage, and disposal of medical waste; the administrative department of environmental protection shall collect, transport, and store medical waste 2. Implement unified supervision and management of environmental pollution prevention and control during disposal activities.

Other relevant departments of the people's governments at and above the county level are responsible for the supervision and management of medical waste disposal within their respective responsibilities.

Article 6 Any unit or individual has the right to report, complain, report, and sue illegal acts of medical and health institutions, centralized medical waste disposal units, and supervision and management departments and their staff.

Medical Waste Chapter 2

Article 7 Medical and health institutions and units for centralized disposal of medical waste shall establish and improve the responsibility system for the management of medical waste. The legal representative shall be the first responsible person to perform their duties effectively to prevent the spread of infectious diseases and environmental pollution accidents caused by medical waste.

Article 8 Medical and health institutions and units for centralized disposal of medical waste shall formulate rules and regulations related to the safe disposal of medical waste and emergency plans in the event of accidents; set up monitoring departments or full-time (part-time) personnel responsible for inspection, supervision, Implement the management of medical waste in the unit to prevent violations of these regulations.

Article 9 Medical and health institutions and units for the centralized disposal of medical waste shall provide training in their own personnel and management personnel engaged in medical waste collection, transportation, storage, and disposal to relevant laws and professional technologies, safety protection, and emergency treatment. .

Article 10 Medical and health institutions and units for centralized disposal of medical waste shall take effective measures

Medical waste sign

Occupational health protection measures for personnel and management personnel engaged in the collection, transportation, storage, and disposal of medical waste, equipped with the necessary protective equipment and regular health checks; when necessary, immunize relevant personnel to prevent their health damage.

Article 11 Medical and health institutions and units for the centralized disposal of medical wastes shall implement the combined management system for the transfer of hazardous wastes in accordance with the provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes.

Article 12 Medical and health institutions and units for centralized disposal of medical waste shall register medical waste. The contents of registration shall include the source, type, weight or quantity of medical waste, transfer time, disposal method, final destination and signature of the operator, etc. project. Registration information is kept for at least 3 years.

Article 13 Medical and health institutions and units for the centralized disposal of medical waste shall take effective measures to prevent the leakage, leakage and spread of medical waste.

When medical waste is lost, leaked, or spread, medical and health institutions and centralized medical waste disposal units should take emergency treatment measures to reduce hazards, provide medical rescue and on-site rescue to sick people; meanwhile, they should provide health care to the county-level people's governments Departments and environmental protection administrative departments shall report and inform the units and residents that may be harmed.

Article 14 It is forbidden for any unit or individual to transfer or trade medical waste.

It is forbidden to discard medical waste during transportation; it is forbidden to dump, stack medical waste or mix medical waste into other wastes and domestic garbage in non-storage locations.

Article 15 It is forbidden to mail medical waste.

Transportation of medical waste by rail or air is prohibited.

Where there is a land passage, it is forbidden to transport medical waste by waterway; if there is no land passage and it is necessary to transport medical waste by waterway, it must be approved by the environmental protection administrative department of the people's government at or above the district level and strict environmental protection measures must be adopted. Can be transported by water.

It is forbidden to carry medical waste and passengers on the same transportation means.

It is forbidden to transport medical waste on the water body of the drinking water source protection area.

Medical Waste Chapter III

Article 16 Medical and health institutions shall collect the medical waste generated by their own units in a timely manner and place them in special packaging or leak-proof containers that prevent leakage and penetration by sharps according to their categories.

Special packaging and containers for medical waste shall have obvious warning signs and warning instructions.

The standards for the special packaging and containers for medical waste and the warning labels shall be jointly formulated by the health administrative department of the State Council and the environmental protection administrative department.

Article 17 Medical and health institutions shall establish temporary storage facilities and equipment for medical waste, and shall not store medical waste in the open air; the temporary storage of medical waste shall not exceed 2 days.

Temporary storage facilities and equipment for medical wastes should be kept away from medical areas, food processing areas and personnel activity areas, as well as domestic garbage storage places, and obvious warning signs and leakage prevention, rodent, mosquito, fly, cockroach, anti-theft, and Safety measures such as protection from children ^[2] .

Facilities and equipment for temporary storage of medical waste shall be regularly disinfected and cleaned.

Article 18 Medical and health institutions shall use special transport tools for preventing leakage and anti-leakage, and collect and transport medical waste to temporary storage locations in accordance with the internal medical waste transportation time and route determined by the unit.

After the transportation tools are used, they shall be disinfected and cleaned in a timely manner at the designated place in the medical and health institution.

Article 19 Medical and health institutions shall, in accordance with the principle of nearby centralized disposal, promptly hand over medical waste to the unit for centralized disposal of medical waste for disposal.

High-risk wastes such as culture media, specimens, bacteria, and poisonous preservation solutions of pathogens in medical waste shall be disinfected on-site before being handed over to the medical waste centralized disposal unit.

Article 20 Sewage produced by medical and health institutions, and excreta of patients with infectious diseases or patients suspected of infectious diseases shall be sterilized strictly in accordance with state regulations; they may only be discharged into sewage treatment systems after meeting the nationally prescribed discharge standards.

Article 21 In rural areas that do not have the conditions for centralized disposal of medical waste, medical and health institutions shall, in accordance with the requirements of the county-level people's government's health administrative department and environmental protection administrative department, dispose of the medical waste generated on their own. Disposal of medical waste by itself shall meet the following basic requirements:

(1) Disposable medical devices and medical wastes that are easy to cause injury should be disinfected and destroyed after use;

(2) If it is capable of being incinerated, it shall be incinerated in a timely manner;

(3) If it cannot be incinerated, it shall be landfilled after disinfection.

Medical Waste Chapter 4

Article 22 Units engaged in the centralized disposal of medical waste shall apply to the environmental protection administrative department of the people's government at or above the county level for an operating permit; units that have not obtained the operating permit shall not engage in activities related to the centralized disposal of medical waste.

Article 23 Units for centralized disposal of medical waste shall meet the following conditions:

(1) Having facilities or equipment for storage and disposal of medical waste that meets environmental protection and sanitation requirements;

(2) Having trained technicians and corresponding skilled workers;

(3) Having institutions and personnel responsible for the testing and evaluation of medical waste disposal effects;

(4) It has rules and regulations to ensure the safe disposal of medical waste.

Article 24 The storage and disposal facilities of the unit for centralized disposal of medical wastes shall be far from residential (village) residential areas, water source protection areas and main roads, and have a proper safety protection distance from factories, enterprises and other workplaces, and shall comply with the State Council Provisions of the environmental protection administrative department.

Article 25 The unit for centralized disposal of medical waste shall collect and transport medical waste to medical and health institutions at least every 2 days, and shall be responsible for the storage and disposal of medical waste.

Article 26 When transporting medical wastes, the unit for centralized disposal of medical wastes shall abide by the state's regulations on the management of transportation of dangerous goods, and use special vehicles with obvious medical waste labels. Vehicles for medical wastes shall meet the requirements of anti-leakage, anti-lost, and other environmental protection and sanitation requirements.

After the special vehicle for transporting medical waste is used, it shall be disinfected and cleaned in a timely manner in the place where the medical waste is concentratedly disposed.

Special vehicles for medical waste must not carry other items.

Article 27 Units for centralized disposal of medical waste shall ensure safety in the process of transporting medical waste, and shall not discard or leave medical waste.

Article 28 Units for centralized disposal of medical waste shall install on-line monitoring devices for pollutant discharge and ensure that the monitoring devices are always in a normal operating state.

Article 29 The unit that disposes medical waste in a centralized manner shall dispose of medical waste in accordance with the environmental protection and sanitation standards and regulations stipulated by the state.

Article 30 The unit for centralized disposal of medical waste shall, in accordance with the provisions of the administrative department of environmental protection and the administrative department of health, regularly inspect and evaluate the environmental pollution prevention and hygiene effects of medical waste disposal facilities. The test and evaluation results are stored in the archives of the centralized medical waste disposal unit and reported to the local environmental protection administrative department and the health administrative department every six months.

Article 31 When a medical waste centralized disposal unit disposes of medical waste, it shall collect medical waste disposal fees from medical and health institutions in accordance with relevant state regulations.

The medical waste disposal expenses paid by medical institutions in accordance with regulations may be included in medical costs.

Article 32 All regions shall use and reconstruct existing solid waste disposal facilities and other facilities, centrally treat medical waste, and meet basic environmental protection and sanitation requirements.

Article 33 For cities that do not have centralized disposal facilities or insufficient disposal capacity, since the implementation of these regulations, cities at or above the district level shall build centralized medical waste disposal facilities within one year; county-level cities shall within two years Construction of centralized medical waste disposal facilities. The construction of county (banner) centralized medical waste disposal facilities shall be prescribed by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities.

During the period when no centralized medical waste disposal facilities have been completed, the relevant local people's governments shall organize the formulation of a transitional treatment plan for medical wastes that meets environmental protection and sanitation requirements, and determine the methods for the collection, transportation, and disposal of medical wastes and the disposal units.

Medical Waste Chapter 5

Article 34 The health administrative department and the environmental protection administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the provisions of these regulations, perform supervision and inspection of medical and health institutions and centralized disposal units of medical waste in accordance with the division of responsibilities.

Article 35 The health administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall engage in the prevention and treatment of diseases in the collection, transportation, storage, and disposal of medical waste to medical and health institutions and centralized medical waste disposal units, and the health protection of workers In such cases, regular supervision and inspection or random inspections are conducted.

Article 36 The environmental protection administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall regularly supervise or inspect the environmental pollution prevention and control work in medical waste collection, transportation, storage, and disposal of medical and health institutions and centralized medical waste disposal units. Regular spot checks.

Article 37 The administrative department of health and the administrative department of environmental protection shall regularly exchange the results of supervision, inspection and random inspection. If hidden dangers are found in the medical and health institutions and the centralized disposal unit of medical waste during the supervision or inspection or random inspection, the hidden dangers shall be ordered to be eliminated immediately.

Article 38 After receiving the report, complaint, report and complaint of violations of these Regulations by the health administrative department and the environmental protection administrative department against medical and health institutions, centralized disposal units for medical waste, supervision and management departments, and their staff, Verify in a timely manner, make the treatment according to law, and publish the results of the treatment.

Article 39 The competent administrative department of health and the environmental protection department shall have the right to take the following measures when performing supervision and inspection duties:

(1) Conduct on-site inspections of relevant units to understand the situation, site monitoring, investigation and evidence collection;

(2) consulting or copying relevant materials for medical waste management and collecting samples;

(3) Ordering units and individuals that violate the provisions of these regulations to stop illegal acts;

(4) sealing up or temporarily detaining places, equipment, means of transport and articles suspected of violating the provisions of these Regulations;

(5) To investigate and punish acts that violate the provisions of these regulations.

Article 40 When an infectious disease transmission or environmental pollution accident occurs due to improper management of medical waste, or there is evidence that an infectious disease transmission or environmental pollution accident is likely to occur, the administrative department of health and the administrative department of environmental protection shall take temporary control Measures, evacuate personnel, control the site, and order the suspension of operations that cause or may cause the spread of infectious diseases or environmental pollution accidents, as needed.

Article 41 Medical and health institutions and units for centralized disposal of medical waste shall cooperate with relevant departments in their inspection, monitoring, investigation and evidence collection, and shall not refuse or hinder them or provide false materials.

Medical Waste Chapter 6

Article 42 If the local people's government at or above the county level fails to organize the construction of centralized medical waste disposal facilities or formulate a transitional treatment plan for medical waste in accordance with the provisions of this Regulation, the people's government at a higher level shall report the criticism and order the centralized disposal of medical waste within a time limit The facility or organization formulates a transitional disposal plan for medical waste; and may impose administrative sanctions on the main government leaders and responsible persons in charge.

Article 43 The health administrative departments, environmental protection administrative departments, or other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level have failed to perform their duties of supervision and inspection in accordance with the provisions of this Regulation, and have found violations of the law by medical and health institutions and centralized medical waste disposal units. If the behavior is not handled in a timely manner, hazard reduction measures are not taken in time when infectious disease transmission or environmental pollution accidents occur, or other acts of negligence, dereliction of duty, and malfeasance are ordered to be corrected by the people's government at the corresponding level or the people's government at a higher level. Reporting criticism; if it causes the spread of infectious diseases or environmental pollution accidents, the main responsible person, the person in charge and other directly responsible persons shall be given administrative sanctions of demotion, dismissal, and dismissal according to law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Article 44 If the competent administrative department of environmental protection of the people's government at or above the county level issues a business license to a centralized disposal unit for medical waste in violation of the provisions of these regulations, the people's government at the corresponding level or the competent administrative department of environmental protection at a higher level shall report the criticism, Order to withdraw certificates issued in violation of the law; and may impose administrative sanctions on the principal responsible person, the person in charge and other directly responsible personnel according to law.

Article 45 Medical and health institutions and centralized units for the disposal of medical waste violate the provisions of these Regulations. Under any of the following circumstances, the health administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level or the environmental protection administrative department shall order correction within a time limit in accordance with their respective duties. A warning shall be given; if it is not corrected within the time limit, a fine of 2,000 to 5,000 yuan shall be imposed:

(1) failing to establish or improve the medical waste management system, or setting up monitoring departments or full-time (part-time) personnel;

(2) Failure to train relevant personnel with relevant legal and professional technologies, safety protection, and emergency handling knowledge;

(3) failing to adopt occupational health protection measures for personnel and management personnel engaged in the collection, transportation, storage, and disposal of medical waste;

(4) failing to register medical waste or keeping registration data;

(5) The used medical waste transportation tools or transportation vehicles are not disinfected and cleaned in time at the designated place;

(6) Failure to collect and transport medical waste in a timely manner;

(7) Failing to regularly check and evaluate the environmental pollution prevention and hygiene effects of medical waste disposal facilities, or failing to archive and report the results of testing and evaluation.

Article 46 Medical and health institutions and units for the centralized disposal of medical waste violate the provisions of these Regulations. In any of the following cases, the administrative department of health of the local people's government at or above the county level or the administrative department of environmental protection shall order the deadline according to their respective duties. If correction is made and a warning is given, a fine of less than 5,000 yuan may be imposed concurrently; if it is not corrected within the time limit, a fine of more than 5,000 yuan and less than 30,000 yuan shall be imposed:

(1) The storage facilities or equipment do not meet environmental protection and sanitation requirements;

(2) failing to separate medical waste into special packaging or containers according to categories;

(3) Failure to use a special vehicle that meets the standards to transport medical waste, or to use a vehicle that transports medical waste to transport other items;

(4) No on-line pollutant discharge monitoring device is installed or the monitoring device is not always in a normal operating state.

Article 47 If a medical and health institution or a unit for centralized disposal of medical waste has any of the following circumstances, the health administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level or the environmental protection administrative department shall order correction within a time limit in accordance with the duties of each department, give a warning, and A fine of more than 5,000 yuan but less than 10,000 yuan shall be imposed; if it is not corrected within the time limit, a fine of more than 10,000 yuan but less than 30,000 yuan shall be imposed; if the infectious disease is spread or an environmental pollution accident is caused, the original license issuing department shall temporarily suspend or revoke the practice permit Or business license; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:

(1) Discarding medical waste during transportation, dumping or stacking medical waste at a non-storage location, or mixing medical waste into other wastes and domestic garbage;

(2) Failure to implement the management system for the joint transfer of hazardous wastes;

(3) Handing over medical waste to a unit or individual that has not obtained a business license for collection, transportation, storage, and disposal;

(4) Disposal of medical wastes does not conform to the environmental protection, sanitary standards and regulations stipulated by the state;

(5) failing to strictly sterilize sewage, excreta of patients with infectious diseases or patients suspected of infectious diseases in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations, or failing to discharge into the sewage treatment system without meeting the nationally prescribed discharge standards;

(6) Failure to manage and dispose of domestic waste generated by patients with infectious diseases or suspected infectious diseases in accordance with medical waste.

Article 48 If a medical and health institution violates the provisions of these regulations and discharges sewage, infectious disease patients or suspected infectious disease patients' excreta into the urban drainage pipe network, which does not meet the national standards, the local people's government at or above the county level shall The competent department shall order correction within a time limit, give a warning, and impose a fine of more than 5,000 yuan but less than 10,000 yuan; if not corrected within the time limit, a fine of more than 10,000 yuan but less than 30,000 yuan; if it causes infectious disease transmission or environmental pollution accidents, The original license-issuing department temporarily suspends or revokes its practice license; if it constitutes a crime, it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

Article 49 In the event of the loss, leakage, or spread of medical waste in medical and health institutions and centralized disposal units of medical waste, if no emergency treatment measures are taken, or if they do not report to the administrative department of health and the environmental protection administrative department in a timely manner, the county level The above-mentioned local people's government health administrative department or environmental protection administrative department shall order corrections according to their respective duties, give warnings, and impose a fine of 10,000 to 30,000 yuan; if it causes the spread of infectious diseases or environmental pollution accidents, the original The license department temporarily suspends or revokes the business license or business license; if it constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Article 50 The medical and health institutions and the centralized disposal unit of medical wastes, without proper reasons, hinder law enforcement officers of the administrative department of health or environmental protection administration from performing their duties, refuse to enter the scene, or do not cooperate with the inspection, monitoring, Where evidence is obtained through investigation, the health administrative department or the environmental protection administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall order corrections and give warnings in accordance with their respective responsibilities. Business license; violation of the "People's Republic of China Public Security Management Punishment Regulations", which constitutes a violation of public security management, shall be punished by public security organs according to law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Article 51 In rural areas that do not have the conditions for centralized disposal of medical waste, if medical and health institutions fail to dispose of medical waste in accordance with the requirements of this Regulation, the health administrative department of the county-level people's government or the environmental protection administrative department shall order them within the time limit according to their respective duties. Corrections are given and warnings are given; those who do not make corrections within the time limit shall be fined 1,000 yuan to 5,000 yuan; those who cause infectious disease transmission or environmental pollution accidents shall be temporarily detained or revoked by the original license-issuing department; if they constitute a crime, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility responsibility.

Article 52 Whoever engages in the collection, transportation, storage, and disposal of medical waste without obtaining a business license shall be ordered by the competent administrative department of environmental protection of the local people s government at or above the county level to cease the illegal act immediately, and the illegal proceeds may be confiscated and may be imposed concurrently. A fine of less than 1 times the illegal income.

Article 53 Where medical waste is transferred or traded, or is transported by mail or by rail or air, or medical waste is transported by water in violation of the provisions of these Regulations, the competent environmental protection administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall order the transfer, sale, and purchase The mailer and shipper immediately stop the illegal behavior, give a warning, and confiscate the illegal income; if the illegal income is more than 5,000 yuan, a fine of more than 2 times and less than 5 times the illegal income; A fine of 5,000 yuan to 20,000 yuan shall be imposed.

If the carrier knows that the shipper is transporting medical waste in violation of the provisions of these Regulations and still transports it, or the carrier carries medical waste on the same tool as the passenger, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Article 54 Where a medical and health institution or a unit for the centralized disposal of medical waste violates the provisions of these Regulations, causing the spread of infectious diseases or environmental pollution accidents and causing damage to others, it shall bear civil liability for compensation according to law ^[3] .

Medical Waste Chapter VII

Supplementary clause

Article 55 The management of direct or indirect infectious, toxic and other hazardous wastes generated in family planning technical services, medical scientific research, teaching, autopsy and other related activities shall be implemented in accordance with these regulations.

Article 56 The management of medical wastes in military medical and health institutions shall be formulated by the competent health department of the People's Liberation Army with reference to these regulations.

Article 57 These regulations shall come into effect on the date of promulgation.