What is energy metabolism?
energy metabolism is generally defined as the whole chemical processes of the organism. These chemical processes usually take the form of complex metabolic pathways in the cell, generally categorized as catabolic or anabolic . In people, a study of how energy flows and is processed in the body is called bioenergetics , and basically concerns how macromolecules such as fats, proteins, proteins and carbohydrates are falling apart to provide usable energy for growth and physical activity. Examples of anabolic pathways are the construction of macromolecules from smaller ingredients, such as the synthesis of amino acid proteins and the use of ATP to power muscle contraction. For the power supply of anabolic processes, ATP devotes one phosphate molecule and releases the stored energy in the process. The once working Celnabídek ATP is exhausted, more must be generated by the metabolism of catabolic energy to continue cell work. The human body is able to synthesize and store your own ATP through AnaErobic and aerobic energy of metabolism. Anaerobic metabolism takes place in the absence of oxygen and is associated with short, intense energy explosions. Aerobic metabolism is the distribution of macromolecules in the presence of oxygen and is associated with exercise with lower intensity as well as everyday work of the cell.
anaerobic energy metabolism occurs in two forms, ATP-Creatine phosphate system and fast glycolysis . The ATP-Creatine phosphate system uses stored molecules of phosphate creatine to regenerate ATP, which has been exhausted and degraded to its low-energy form, adenosine diffosphate (ADP). Creatine phosphate donates a high -energy phosphate molecule, replacing the spent ATP and re -fire of the cell. Muscle cells usually contain enough free -floating phosphate atp and creatine to supply approximately ten seconds of intense activity that the cell must switch to the Ryc processGlycolysis.
Fast glycolysis synthesizes ATP of blood glucose and glycogen in muscle, with lactic acid as a by -product. This form of energy metabolism is associated with short, intense explosions of activity and MASH; Such as power lifting or sprinting-when cardio-respiration system does not have time to supply adequate oxygen working cells. When the rapid glycolysis proceeds, lactic acid accumulates into the muscle, causing a condition known as lactic acidosis or, informally, muscle combustion. Quick glycolysis produces most ATP, which is used from ten seconds to two minutes of exercise, after this time the cardio-respiration system has the opportunity to supply oxygen to the work muscles and aerobic metabolism begins.
aerobic metabolism takes place in one of two ways, fast glycolysis or oxidation fatty acids . Quick glycolysis, such as slow glycolysis, decomposes glucose and glycogen for formation, etc. Because it does so in the presence of oxygen, this PR isof a complete chemical reaction. While the fast gyco -collocess produces two ATP molecules for each metabolized glucose molecule, slow gycolysis is capable of producing 38 ATP molecules from the same amount of fuel. Because there is no accumulation of lactic acid during the reaction, rapid glycolysis has no related muscle burns or fatigue.
In the end, it is the slowest and most effective form of metabolism of the energy of fatty acid oxidation. This is a process used to power activities such as digestion and repair and growth of cells, as well as long -term exercises such as Marathonuno swimming. Rather than using glucose or glycogen as fuel, this process is burned by the fatty acids that are stored in the body, and is able to produce up to 100 ATP molecules per unit of fatty acids. Although it is a highly effective, high energy process, it requires a large amount of oxygen and occurs only after 30 to 45 minutes of low intensity activity.