What is the anterior pituitary?
The anterior pituitary is an anterior lobe of pituitary gland, which is located in the brain floor called Sella Turcica . It is also known as adenohypophysis. There are three parts of the anterior pituitary: pars distalis, which is the largest part that often produces most hormones; Pars intermedia, located between pars distalis and hind lobes of the pituitary; and pars tuberalis or tubular part of the anterior pituitary. This part of the gland is usually only active in children and sometimes disappears completely. The PARS tuberalis function is still not fully understood, although it may be related to photoperiodism, the body's response to day and night.
hormones that are excreted by anterior pituitary hormones, luteinizing hormones, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormones, follicles stimulating hormones and thyroid stimulating hormones. These hormones have their own specific functions. Growth hormones are important for cell growth and tissues inside the body. Other hormones secreting the anterior pituitary affect specific target organs.
luteinizing hormones, for example, focus on ovaries in women and testicles in men to produce important sex hormones. Prolactin, also known as luteotropic hormone, affects the mammary glands to secrete milk after the birth of the baby. The hormones stimulating follicles act on the ovaries to support egg production and testicles to support sperm production. Adrenocorticotropic hormones stimulate adrenal glands and thyroid stimulating hormones affect thyroid hormone production in Th thyroid gland.
The release of these hormones is often dependent on the effect of the hypothalamus on the anterior pituitary gland and the negative feedback from the glands it affects. If the body is the necessary hormones for the proper functioning, hypothalamus often detects this deficiency and transmits the signal towards the pituitary to create specific hormones that in turn stimulate the target organ to produce the necessary hormones. Negative feedback is important PRCovered to maintain a suitable hormone level as needed. For example, when hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland detect a suitable level of thyroid hormones in the blood, usually stops the production of thyroid stimulating hormones, stopping thyroid stimulation for hormone production.
tumors, infections and other disorders affecting hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and target organs often lead to abnormalities in hormone secretion. Overceration of growth hormones at birth can result in gigantism; When this occurs in an adult, the condition results in acromegaly, which is characterized by enlargement of some parts of the body and facial bones. On the other hand, insufficient secretion of growth hormone may lead to dwarves if it occurs during childhood.