What is the main histocompatible complex?
The main histocompatible complex (MHC) is a genome that encodes a number of proteins expressed on cells in the body. These proteins serve as flags for the immune system that allow the immune system to distinguish between the "own" proteins that belong to the body, and proteins "uninterrupted" that are alien. T cells of the immune system interface with proteins produced by the main histocompatible complex that determines this information whether it belongs to the material that it encounters in the body.
These proteins take the form of antigens. In humans they are known as human leukocyte antigens (HLA). On the outside of the cell, these antigens can be presented, like the login data, the immune system. If the immune system recognizes antigen as harmful, it can take steps to kill the cell to which it is connected. This is designed to allow the immune system to kill bacteria and other organisms that get into the body, and allow the enabled system to identify cells that have been infectedviruses in order to stop the spread of the virus.
MHC is very diverse. Some of the participating genes have hundreds of alleles, which is rather unusual; Few genes have as many different ways to express. The diversity of the main histocompatible complex is also a blessing of a curse. Genetic diversity causes the human race to be stronger, especially when it comes to immune defense, but also makes transplant tissue between people.
When blood, tissue or other donated biological material is transplanted from one person to another, the HLA antigens may not match. As a result, the immune system of the recipient considers the donor material to be an alien and attacks it. This causes rejection of transplantation with things such as skin and organs, and with blood can cause serious reaction. In some cases, the main conflict of histocompatibility complex may be deadly.
There are a number of different tests thatCan be used to identify key areas of the main histocompatibility complex of someone. These tests are carried out when people are evaluated to organ donate, so you can find a match that will adapt as accessible as possible. While some people can assume that the blood type is the only thing tested, there is actually an assortment of antigens that can be conflict and testing must be thorough to avoid waste of donor material on someone who cannot accept it.