What are some prominent features of Venus?
Venus, called the "sister planet" of Earth, for its similar size, has no surface as ours. The atmosphere of Venus is 96.5% carbon dioxide, with 3.5% nitrogen being the rest. The surface temperature is 462 ° C (863 ° F), significantly above the temperature of the typical Brojler of the oven, and the surface pressure is 90 atmosphere, which is probably the equivalent of pressure below a kilometer of water on the ground. The peaks of the cloud regularly experience the winds of 300 km/h (186 mph). Its surface consists of reddish -brown basalt plains and a lot of evidence of past and contemporary volcanism, although no eruptions were observed directly.
On the naked eye, Venus appears to be milky white, its relatively high albedo or reflectivity and proximity to Earth and the sun, making it the brightest object in the night sky except the moon. This has gained the name "Morning Star" or "Evening Star" because it is the brightest near the east or sunset.
Humanity is familiar with Venus from prehistoric times and references to it can be in our oldest texts, from BabylonIan CuneiForm. Named after the Roman goddess of love, her designation strongly contrasts with Mars named after the Roman god of war. It is the only planet in the solar system named after a female figure.
14. December 1962, the first successful interplanetary mission, Mariner 2, sent by NASA, has gone near Venus and was able to measure the surface temperature, confirms its extreme heat and eliminates the idea of any life. During the sixties, the Soviets sent several venera probes to the surface that took the surface of the surface and measured the content of the atmosphere before it quickly succumbed to high pressure. Only a few submarines are even able to operate during these pressures, although Bathyscapes - specially designed divers - can open a possible possibility of long -term probe on the Venus survář, La The Mars Rovers.
At the end of 1990, the Magellan's probe reached the United States around Venus and extensively mapoThe wandering its surface using a radar and provided images of similar quality to visible light photographs of other planets. Many volcanic surface elements were found, but no active volcanoes. Like other rocky planets, Venus Highlands, Valleys, Plains and its own unique features, including the star-like fractures called novae .