What is Akinete?
Some types of unicellular organisms may change cell structure under demanding conditions, such as lack of nutrients in the environment. These resting cells that do not grow or do not even grow much energy on biological functions have evolved to survive poor growth conditions. Akinete is one type of resting cell, with a characteristic wall and nutrient stock inside. When favorable conditions develop in the environment around the acinet, then this resting cell bursts and releases several new cells that begin to grow as normal.
The Greek word for movement is kinetos ; Usually the letter "A" is placed in front of the Greek word to mean the opposite of what the word means. Akinete therefore refers to an object that does not move. The term is specific to a certain subgroup of bacteria called fibrous cyanobacteria, so -called because they tend to grow in long fibers. Many other bacteria develop resting cells in stress environments, but it is most often called disputes rather than Akines, because their properties tend to be different.
Cyanobacteria, like all bacteria, require food and appropriate environmental conditions to life and reproduction in environmental stress can either kill bacteria completely, or start active cells into the transition to Akine state. Examples of pressures that can cause bacteria into a changing condition include the lack of environmental nitrogen, a change in wavelength of light, or the presence of too many other cells of competitions for the same sources.
Usually, in the microbial population, as soon as the individual cells have grown to capture the available space and ate available nutrients, then environmental stress develops. Generally, in the population of cyanobacteria, Akinetes develops at the moment, not when the population still has space and nutrient. For example, in a watery environment, a high -cyanobacteria population may cause water clouding. This clouds blitOblocks some wavelengths of light and cells can recognize these changes, which can push microbes into a rest state.
Akinet characteristics include a very strong outer wall and nutrient and genetic material inside. Due to storage requirements, Akinete is also larger than a conventional living cell. The cell interior opens when the cell senses the return of suitable conditions and the newly reproduced cells spill in the fiber arrangement. If these fresh new cells can fill a new environment, such as a pond that has been complemented by fresh melt, they can grow and reproduce up to the point where the same cycle must be repeated.