What Is Plant Taxonomy?

Plant taxonomy is a basic discipline that mainly studies the origin, kinship, and evolutionary laws of different taxa in the entire plant kingdom. That is, the complex and diverse plant kingdom has been identified into species and arranged in a systematic manner so that people can understand and use plants.

Plant taxonomy

It is recognized that there are about 400,000 kinds of plants in nature. They have different forms, large differences in structure, and various lifestyles. These plants have evolved and formed in the long-term geological history process. In order to recognize and make better use of plants, they must be classified. Sorting plants is as old as humans' knowledge and use of plants. In different historical periods, due to different levels of knowledge, the starting point and method for plant classification are also different, and different classification systems have appeared. C. Jeffery (1982), a British botanical taxonomist, divides the history of plant taxonomy into three periods in his book "Introduction to Plant Taxonomy".

The basic unit of plant classification is species. Some common species are grouped into Genus according to kinship, and some more common genera are grouped into Familia, and so on. , C1assis and Divisio. Therefore, the order of classification of the plant kingdom (Regnumvegetabile) from top to bottom is phyla, class, order, family, genus, and species. Under each classification level, sub-class classification levels are established as needed, such as Subdliso, Subclassis, Suboxder, Subfamilia, and Subgeus.

The sub-species classification is divided into subspecies, variants, and forma according to the difference between the traits of the group and the original species. The subspecies include a wider range than the variants. In addition to the significant differences in morphology, they also have a certain regional distribution. Variations are more morphologically different than variants. The actual classification work can only be determined after comprehensive research and analysis based on field survey data and specimen characteristics.

Specific names for each classification level (e.g. seed plant phyla, angiosperm subphyla,

Common plant taxonomy retrieval tables are of fixed distance type (order type), parallel type and continuous parallel type ^[1] :

Section 2 Large taxa in the plant kingdom

It is estimated that there are more than 500,000 species of plants on the earth. The entire plant kingdom is usually divided into 16 species.
1. Euglenophyta

Gymnosperm

2. Chlorophyta
3 Charophyta
4 Chrysophyta
5. 5. Pyrrophyta algae 6. Phaeophyta (spore plant) plants 7. 8. Rhodophyta Rhodophyta cryptoflora lower plant Cyanophyta (spore plant) (embryo plant)
9. Bacteriophyta
10 Myxomycophyta fungi

Angiosperm

11. 12. Fungi Eumycophyta plant 12. Lichens Lichens
13. Bryophyta
14. 14. Pteridophyta (seed plant) higher plant Gymnospermae gymnosperms, vascular plants, embryo plants Angiospermia Angiospermae Section III Algae (Algae) ^[1]

Classification: It is a group of the most primitive plants.

Prokaryotic cyanobacteria first appeared in Earth's waters 3.5-3.3 billion years ago

More than 30,000 species

8 doors

Features: Generally has photosynthetic pigments, can carry out photosynthesis, is a type of autotrophic plant that can live independently;

A few microns-60M;

No root, stem and leaf differentiation;

Germ cells are mostly single cells. Although the germ cells of higher algae are multicellular, each cell directly participates in reproduction, forming spores or gametes, and is not surrounded by a layer of infertile cells;

Zygotes do not develop into multicellular embryos.

Distribution: It mainly grows in water and wet rocks, walls, tree trunks, and soil surface; 100M deep sea floor, north and south poles, snow-covered mountains, and 85 ° C hot springs. Pioneer Plant

Reproduction:

1. Vegetative reproduction: the development of fragments of plant bodies into new individuals

2. Asexual reproduction (spore reproduction): specialized cells-spores directly develop into new individuals

3 Sexual reproduction: Reproductive mode by combination of gametophytes

4 Homosexual reproduction

5. Heterosexual reproduction

6. Ovulation ^[1]