What is the synthesis of prostaglandin?
Prostaglandin synthesis is the production of lipid compounds in the cells of some animals, including humans. These substances are chemical messengers that mediate biological processes such as inflammation and are important in the normal function of many different tissues. Some enzymes initiate prostaglandin synthesis by catalysis of a number of metabolic reactions that convert fatty acid into a final biologically active product. Drugs such as aspirin prevent prostaglandin synthesis and thus reduce pain and inflammation.
In many animal tissues, prostaglandins like cellular signaling molecules that have functions, from sending the brain a signal of body temperature to sensitization of neurons to pain. These lipid compounds come in three main subtypes and together include eicosanoids, a biologically active group of fatty acids. Prostaglandin synthesis occurs in cells whenever one of the compounds is needed, but it is not stored in specialized design sections as biologically important molecules are usually.With many different effects on neurons, muscles and epithelium, prostaglandin is synthesized almost constantly in the body.
When the enzymes known as cyclooxygenase (COXS) are released, prostaglandin synthesis begins with oxidation of fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid. The fatty acids themselves come from the same sources as lipids that form the cell membrane. Oxidation changes their basic structure to any type of prostaglandin at that time. Cox 1 is an enzyme responsible for maintaining normal levels of body prostaglandins, while Cox 2 mediates synthesis when tissues are damaged or infected. The synthesis occurs in almost every cell type, with the exception of white blood cells and those that lack cores.
Whenever tissue is damaged, various immune cells migrate to the pages. This cell response process triggers COX-2 release, resulting in prostaglandin synthesis in a damaged body. PRostaglandins lead to an inflammatory reaction, trigger a fever and restrictive infection and loss of tissue. Another variety regulates some blood clotting mechanisms and controls where a clot may or may not form. Prostaglandin known as changes in PGE-2 effects in the uterus, including contractions, and is usually used medically to induce work or abortion.
various chemicals can inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin-aspirin is a well-known example. Both Cox-1 and Cox-2 are inhibited by aspirin, which prevents oxygenation of arachidonic acid that is necessary for synthesis. Preventing the enzymatic activity aspirin stops the inflammatory path and reduces the fever along with sensitivity to pain because both reduce the effects of prostaglandin. Along with compounds such as ibuprofen, aspirin is one of the non-steroidal ants-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Unlike steroids, such as cortisone, NSAIDs prevent prostaglandin production rather than the treatment of its effects.