What is a Landline?

Fixed telephones , referred to as fixed telephones , are commonly referred to as landlines, which refer to telephones that are fixed at a certain location and do not move. Different from mobile phones (mobile phones), they are mostly used in business units.

Fixed telephone

simple

In the decades since the invention of the telephone, a large number of patents have been applied around telephone operation and technical issues. Strowger's "automatic dialing system" has reduced various problems caused by manual wiring.

After the Opium War, while Western powers plundered land and wealth in China, they also brought modern postal services and telecommunications to China. In 1900, China's first local telephone came out in Nanjing; from 1904 to 1905, Russia erected from Yantai to Niuzhuang

Since the invention of the telephone, there have been no small changes from the working principle to the appearance design. Now, please follow us to follow this century-long development of the telephone. These phones are the collection of antique phone collectors around the world.

August 15, 1784 --- Wangwang Communication

A visual communication method called "remote communication" was first used between Lille, France and Paris.

1796 --- Microphone Relay for Voice

The Englishman Hughes proposed a method of transmitting voice using a microphone relay, and named it Telephone, which has been used to this day.

1832-Telegraph machine with deflecting current meter pointer to receive information

Russian diplomat Shilin produced a telegraph that deflects the pointer of an ammeter to receive information.

1835 --- Telegraph

American Morse invented the telegraph machine using electromagnetic principles for telegraph transmission.

In June 1837, the Englishman Cook obtained the first patent for the invention of the telegraph, and his telegraph machine was first used on the railway.

From 1837 to 1838, Morse invented a code that represented numbers and lettersthe Morse codeby turning the current on and off.

In 1843, Morse built a telegraph line from Washington to Baltimore with a total length of 64.4 kilometers.

On May 24, 1844, Morse sent the first telegram in human history to Baltimore at the Capitol: "What a miracle God has created!".

On August 28, 1850, the first submarine cable was laid by the brothers John and Jacob Brett on the high seas between the Cape Gries-Nez in France and the Cape Lee Selane in England, but Only a few telegrams were sent and it was interrupted. It turned out that a fisherman hooked up a cable with a trawler and cut off a section happily boasting to others of this rare "seagrass" specimen and said with surprise that it was full of gold.

March 10, 1876-British Scot Bell invented the telephone

"Mr. Watson, come and help me" became the first human voice transmitted over the phone. Bell splashed the acid from the microphone onto his leg.

1878 --- handheld telephone

The phone was made in Germany in 1878 by Werner Siemens. Its earpiece and microphone are one, and are used interchangeably when obedient and speaking.

1879 --- box telephone

The phone is equipped with a mahogany made by Viaduct Manufacturing Company and a cylindrical handset.

1880 --- Bell Telephone

This is the first telephone used in Europe. It replaced the telegraph and was more advanced than a magnetic engine phone equipped with a handle.

1881, 1882 --- wall-mounted telephone with magnetic generator

The phone on the left is called the American Bell type, manufactured in 1881 and used by the International Bell Telephone Company in Copenhagen. Made by LMEricsson. This phone became popular at the end of the last century.

1885-"Eiffel Tower" magnet generator phone

This phone was made by LM Ericsson in 1885. At the time this was the first phone on the desktop. The microphone is set on a rotating arm, and a crank is used to connect the switch. ^[1]

1885, 1902 --- wall-mounted telephone with magnetic generator

Made by Ferdinand E. Stensen in Copenhagen in 1885, it was the earliest Danish-made telephone. This one was made by Emil Mdlers Telephone Company in Hawson.

1885 --- wooden desk phone

The manufacturer and origin are unknown.

1892 --- electric folding cabinet desktop phone

Most of these phones are used in homes, hotels, and telephone booths.

1892-"Eiffel Tower" telephone with handset

This is a true classic phone, made in 1892 by LM Ericsson. This phone has spread around the world, producing nearly one million units.

1893-"Coffee Pot" Telephone

With only a few samples in Denmark, this phone is the most attractive and collectible value for collectors. 1899 Digital mechanical wall phone

This digital mechanical phone is available in both wall and desk styles.

1900 --- Upright Desk Phone

This round-bellied desk phone is bronze nickel plated. There is a sturdy bakelite under the pole. It also has a peripheral handset that can show off.

1900 --- Upright Cone Desktop Phone

This phone has a nickname "oiler" because of its appearance.

Landline 3

1900, 20-line split phone

This paragraph is called a 20-line split phone. For internal calls only, made by LM Ericsson Sweden.

1901-desktop telephone with magnetic generator

This model was made in 1901 by Ferdinand E. Stensens Telefonfabrik in Copenhagen. Pay attention to its earpiece and hang it on the hook separately. It may be because the telephone access quality was not high at that time, and sometimes it was necessary to listen with both ears.

1902-Kellogg Corner Desk Phone

Most of these corner desk phones are used in homes, offices and telephone booths. It was made by Hardwood Telephone Company, USA. I bought it from a farmer in a small town in California.

1902 --- public battery wall phone

This kind of telephone does not need to turn the handle, pick up the handset and talk directly to the operator. It was bought from an antique store in San Francisco.

1904 --- Magnetic generator line telephone

This phone was manufactured by LMEricssom in 1904. This phone can share one phone line with four users. On February 17, 1753, the idea of using electricity for communication was first presented in a magazine called The Scots, signed under the name CM.

1904-"Spider-style" civil band phone

LM Ericsson's first civilian band phone. 1905, Chicago's tree desktop phone

The desk phone is called "big belly" and is named for the bulge of the middle of its handle.

1905 --- Porch intercom

This is a 32-door porch intercom from Connecticut Telecom.

1905 --- 11 digital dial desk phone

It uses 11-digit dialing.

1907 --- "German mode" radio band phone

Manufactured by E.Zwuetysch & Co in Germany in 1907, the appearance of this phone can solve the problem of too long call waiting to a certain extent.

1907 --- Magnetic generator telephone

This phone was made by LMEricsson in 1907. It is worth noting: when answering a call, hang the handset on a separate hook. This was the uniform standard of telephone manufacturers at the time.

1908 --- CH-08 Megaphone

Launched by KTAS.

1910 --- Internet Phone

This is an upright desktop internet phone produced by SH Couch for communication between offices.

1912 --- Office alignment machine

This phone can have 17 extensions through the main unit at the same time, each extension can make outgoing calls, and the extensions can also be connected to each other.

1912 --- CH-08 wall phone

The phone was made in 1912 and was made by Danes in Copenhagen. It can send and receive telegrams automatically.

1912 --- Magnetic Generator Telephone

Telegraph and fax telephones made at LMEricsson, often used in remote areas or small islands.

1914 --- Magnavox Anti- Noise Desk Phone

The unique design of this phone is that when speaking into the microphone, the sound passes through the small hole at the top of the phone and makes the vibration plate in the phone vibrate. Noise is eliminated when it enters the microphone. Its dual rotating handset helps prevent unwanted noise.

1914 --- Magnavox Anti-Noise Desk Phone Type B1

It also has the function of eliminating noise.

1914 --- Magnetic generator telephone

Manufactured at HORWENS in 1914 and can be used for telefax.

1915 --- Veau desk phone

Information is unknown.

1915 --- Home-made wall-mounted telephone

The phone was found on an abandoned farm in eastern Oregon. There are traces of phone calls hanging on the walls of nearly 20 abandoned farms.

1920 --- Magnetic generator wall phone

This phone was manufactured in 1904 and was updated in 1920. It is equipped with a rotating red button that can be switched between listening and listening.

1927 --- D-08 semi-automatic telephone

The first dial phone, its appearance will replace the manual call system of the exchange. The dial device was installed in 1927, and its actual use was in 1978.

1927 --- AC generator ringing telephone

Manufactured by Kristian Kirks Telefonfabrikker in Horsens, Denmark, and still in use in the 1970s.

1929 --- Automatic Wall Telephone

Information is unknown.

1930 --- D-30 semi-automatic gold-plated telephone

This phone was manufactured by a Danish company in 1930. Its special feature is the gold-plated surface. At the time, most of the phones were black and the phone had a dial.

1930 --- FL-30 automatic telephone

Made in Denmark in the 1930s, it dials by letter. Similar phones have been in use for about 48 years.

1935 --- automatic telephone

This phone was used to communicate with telecommunication switches in remote areas, and its design was influenced by the American telephone industry in the 1930s.

1943 --- CB-43 telephone

This phone is made in Denmark by Kristian Kirks Telefonfabrikker. It has two internal ringtones designed to distinguish incoming and outgoing calls from the city.

1951 --- F-51 automatic dial telephone

The phone was made by Kristian Kirks Telefonfabrikker after World War II.

1952 --- F-52 automatic dial telephone

Manufactured in 1952, unlike the old black bakelite material, it is made of ivory and later plastic materials.

1956 --- "Ericofon" automatic dial telephone

This phone was designed and manufactured by Swedish LMEricsson and named Ericofon. It is made of new materials and is much lighter than the handset of a traditional phone.

1968 --- F-68 automatic dial telephone

This phone was the most common phone of the 1970s. It was originally designed in the 1960s and was widely manufactured in Denmark.

1970 --- F-68 button dial telephone

The first push-button telephone in Denmark. This phone uses a number button instead of the original dialing method.

1976 --- 76E / DK80 button dial telephone

Originally manufactured by Jutland Telephone in 1972.

1979 --- F-79 button dial-up billing phone

This phone is located between ordinary telephones and public telephones. It is mainly used in service places, hotels, etc. It can prevent theft of calls. 1980, DA-80 push-button dial phone

The design of this phone marked the real entry of electronics theory into the telephone industry.

1982 --- Portable Telegraph and Telephone

This phone was made by Ericsson wireless system. At that time, it could only be used in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Its appearance opened up a new world for GSM mobile phone systems in the future.

1983 --- DanMark 2 button phone

DanMark 2 was manufactured in 1983 and is the embodiment of the most advanced technology of the 1980s. It has many functions, such as phone number memory function, redial function, monitoring function, 24 ringtones. ^[1]

In 1879, a telegraph line was set up between Tianjin and Dagu Beitang Fort.

On February 21, 1882, Tango Dabei Telegraph Company established a telephone exchange in Shanghai Bund.

In 1895, Russian Popov and Italian Marconi invented radiotelegraphs.

On May 18, 1897, Marconi succeeded in conducting radio communications across the Bristol Channel.

In 1900, the Shanghai Nanjing Telegraph Bureau opened local telephones. At that time, there were only 16 telephones.

In 1901, Marconi achieved radio communications across the Atlantic.

In 1903, the wireless telephone trial was successful.

On November 8, 1907, French inventor Edouard Bellan performed his research resultphotofax in the French Photographic Society building.

In 1919, Palm and Bellander invented the "crossbar connector". Ten years later, the world's first large crossbar telephone office was built in the city of Sundsvall, Sweden.

In July 1920, China Post launched the post and telegraph service.

In 1937, the Englishman Reeves proposed a method of transmitting speech information by using all combinations of pulses (pulse code modulation).

In October 1945, the British A.C. Clark put forward the idea of stationary satellite communications.

In 1946, Eckert and Mochley built the world's first electronic computer.

In 1947, Bell Labs of the United States proposed the concept of cellular communications, which divided the service area of a mobile phone into several cells, and each cell set up a base station to form a cellular mobile communication system.

In December 1950, the northeast China long-distance open line international trunk line project was completed, and the Beijing-Moscow cable carrier circuit was opened.

In July 1954, the U.S. Navy used the moon's surface to reflect radio waves and conducted telephone transmission tests between the two places on Earth. A communications business was established between Washington and Hawaii in 1956.

In 1956, telephone cables were laid on the Atlantic Ocean floor between Britain and Canada, making telephony between continents a long distance a reality.

On October 4, 1957, the former Soviet Union successfully launched its first artificial satellite, Satellite-1.

In August 1958, the first domestic 12-carrier telephone equipment was successfully developed in Shanghai Post and Telecommunication Equipment Factory.

In January 1960, China's first 1,000-gate crossbar telephone system was opened for use at the Wujing Telephone Office in Shanghai.

In 1960, the American physicist Mayman used powerful ordinary light on artificial gemstones to create a laser 10 million times stronger than sunlight.

In 1962, the United States succeeded in researching pulse code modulation equipment for multiplexed communication of telephones.

In 1965, the first computer-controlled telephone exchange was launched in the United States, marking the beginning of a new era of telephone.

In 1966, British Chinese Gao Yan proposed the idea of long-distance laser communication using glass fiber.

In 1969, Beijing Long Distance Telecommunications Bureau successfully installed China's first fully automatic long distance telephone equipment.

In 1969, the US Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) proposed a plan for the development of the ARPA network, which was completed and put into operation in 1969, marking the development of computer communications into a new era.

In 1970, the world's first program-controlled digital exchange was opened in Paris, France, which marked the comprehensive practicality of digital telephones and the arrival of a new era of digital communications.

In 1972, the International Telegraph and Telephone Advisory Committee (CCITT) first proposed the concept of Integrated Services Digital Network-ISDN.

In 1974, the construction of a China-Japan submarine cable began. This was the first international submarine cable that China participated in.

In 1975, China's self-developed vertical and horizontal automatic telephone exchange equipment passed national certification and began mass production.

In March 1976, China's first large-capacity transmission systemthe 1800-channel coaxial cable carrier systemwas completed and put into production in Beijing, Shanghai, and Hangzhou with a total length of 1,700 kilometers.

In 1982, GSM was established in Europe with the task of formulating pan-European mobile communication roaming standards.

In 1982, China's first batch of coin-operated public telephones appeared in prosperous streets such as East and West Chang'an Street in Beijing, with a total of 22 coin-operated public telephone booths.

In December 1982, the first 10,000-program-controlled local exchange system introduced from Japan was put into use at the Fuzhou Telecommunications Bureau, and China's first introduced program-controlled telephone exchange was completed.

In 1983, the AMPS cellular system was opened in Chicago, USA.

The first fixed-line smart phone COM2008 was born in China

In 2002, the first fixed-line smart phone COM2008 was born in China and went into mass production.

Fixed network smart phone ^[3]

This type of telephone was later officially collected by the China Telecom Museum. The relevant person in charge of the Telecommunication Museum commented at the time: "Ordinary phones generally can only communicate in voice, while business smart phones can not only communicate smoothly, they also integrate mobile phones, PDAs, computers, etc. (business office) Functions, become an information receiving terminal. At the same time, it has the characteristics of business phones such as large screen, handwriting function, network function. It is of certain value to study and understand the development of China's telecommunications industry, and we expect that not only office phones will be replaced with business smart phones in the future, but all fixed-line phones will develop in this direction.

2006, A7688 series multimedia smart phone

This series of fixed telephones has added network interfaces, bringing fixed network telephones into the era of multimedia network information.

Multimedia smartphone with color screen ^[3]

Multimedia smartphone with color screen ^[3]