What are the different types of bladder cancer tests?
Smoking, environmental chemical exposure, high fat diet, infection and aging are risk factors for the development of the disease. If the bladder cancer is suspected, the doctor may use a number of diagnostic tests that include abdominal computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, bladder biopsy and urine analysis. Other diagnostic tests may include cystoscopy, intravenous pyelogram (IVP) and urine cytology. The bladder cancer tests can confirm the presence of a tumor, type of cells present and cancer stage. If the patient complains about symptoms such as blood in urine, frequent urination, urination or lower back pain, first completes a patient's physical examination that includes a rectal and pelvic test to check the lumps. To detect and measure urine compounds, including the presence of blood and/or infection, urine analysis will be performed. Urine analysis cannot confirm and diagnosis of bladder cancer but may exclude other potential potentialThe causes of symptoms. After obtaining a urine sample, it is examined under the microscope. The pathologist will not convincingly diagnose bladder cancer from this test, but the results can help doctors when used in combination with the results of other bladder cancer tests and cancer.
Ultrasound examination of the bladder may detect tumors or other potential sources of bleeding of the urinary tract. It can also detect swelling in the kidneys, which may indicate the presence of a tumor blocking urine flow in urinary urinary urea. A converter is placed on the abdomen and high -frequency sound waves are emitted to create an image of the internal organs. The test is non -invasive and can be performed in the doctor's office.
Belly scanning are diagnostic tests that use X -rays to create cross -sectional images of the abdominal area, including the bladder. The contrasting dye is in bodiesand filled with a vein in hand or forearm. The patient is placed in the CT scanner, lying on his back with his arms raised above his head to avoid interfere with the pictures. Inside the scanner, the X -ray turns and adds several pictures called slices. CT scan can detect smaller tumors in the kidneys or bladder before they cannot be detected by ultrasound.
The physician can also perform a more specialized form of X -ray known as intravenous pyelogram. This series examines the kidneys, urinary and urinary bladder using a contrast dye based on iodine, which is injected into the veins. A compression belt can be used to maintain the contrasting material in the kidneys. The patient will be asked to urinate before the last picture to ensure that the bladder is sufficiently emptied.
If all these bladder CERs can show that a more invasive study is guaranteed, biopsy of the bladder will be performed during cystoscopy. The bladder coach passes through a thin tube attached tocamera and light source. The cystoscope is used to check the inner walls of the bladder and is usually equipped with a tool to remove tissue samples that can be examined under a microscope to detect cancer cells. The advantage of cystoscopy is that the procedure can detect small flat lesions that may not be visible with other methods.
After confirming the presence of bladder cancer, scanning or magnetic resonance (MRI) test could be ordered to determine the cancer stage. Other tests for the production of bladder cancer may include bone or chest X -ray. These tests can check metastases, which is the spread of cancer to other organs.