What Are the Methods of HPV Transmission?

HPV virus is an abbreviation of human papilloma virus, a papilloma vacuole virus A genus of the papillomavirus family, and a sexually transmitted disease caused by a spherical DNA virus infection. The main types are HPV 1, 2, 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, and 35, etc. Long-term HPV 16 and 18 infections may be related to cervical cancer in women. ^[1]

Skin-type HPV infection rates are very common, as is common in the above

Human papilloma

1. Sexual transmission channels;

2. Close contact;

3. Indirect contact: through contact with clothing, daily necessities, appliances, etc. of the infected person;

4. Iatrogenic infections: Medical staff's poor protection during treatment and care, causing their own infection or passing on to patients through medical staff;

5. Mother-to-child transmission: passed by babies

Nine-valent HPV vaccines are available internationally. Nine-valent HPV vaccine can prevent more than 90% of cervical cancer. The vaccine was approved for marketing in the United States in 2014. On April 28, 2018, the State Food and Drug Administration conditionally approved the launch of a nine-valent HPV vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer in China.

Nine-valent HPV vaccine has good immunogenicity. After completing three doses of vaccination procedures, the positive rate of serum antibody of the relevant type can reach almost 100%. One month after the completion of the vaccination program, the peak value of the geometric mean titer of the antibody can reach 100 times the antibody level after natural infection. In the next 2 months, the value dropped to 10 times and remained in the plateau period. The antibody level of the vaccine can be maintained for at least 4 years. In clinical trials of the efficacy of the nine-valent HPV vaccine, the main observational endpoints were persistent infections of the related HPV type, genital warts related to the related HPV type, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), external genitalia or intravaginal epithelium Nodules (VIN or VaIN). Clinical trials have shown that after inoculating the nine-valent HPV vaccine, it can produce a good protective effect, which can effectively reduce the corresponding types of HPV continuous infection and precancerous lesions of the cervix, vagina, and external genitalia, and the protective efficacy can reach more than 90%. The nine-valent HPV vaccine contains HPV-6 and HPV-11 type VLPs, which have a good preventive effect on genital warts. ^[6]