What Is a Neutralizing Antibody?

Neutralizing antibodies are antibodies produced when pathogenic microorganisms invade the body. When pathogenic microorganisms invade cells, they need to rely on specific molecules expressed by the pathogens to bind to receptors on the cells in order to infect cells and further expand. Neutralizing antibodies are certain antibodies produced by B lymphocytes, which can bind to antigens on the surface of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby preventing the pathogenic microorganisms from adhering to target cell receptors and preventing invasion of cells.

Neutralizing antibody

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Neutralizing antibodies are antibodies produced when pathogenic microorganisms invade the body. When pathogenic microorganisms invade cells, they need to rely on specific molecules expressed by the pathogens to bind to receptors on the cells in order to infect cells and further expand. Neutralizing antibodies are certain antibodies produced by B lymphocytes, which can bind to antigens on the surface of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby preventing the pathogenic microorganisms from adhering to target cell receptors and preventing invasion of cells.
Chinese name
Neutralizing antibody
Foreign name
neutralizing antibodies
Nature
Soluble protein
Sexual performance
"Neutralize" the virus
Purpose
Pathogens prevent invasion of cells
Neutralizing antibody is a soluble protein secreted by adaptive immune response cells. After the virus invades the body, the immune cells secrete the neutralizing protein into the blood, which combines with the virus particles in the blood, preventing the virus from infecting the cells and destroying the virus particles, thus "neutralizing" the virus.
Since neutralizing antibodies destroy the virus before it enters the cell, if there is an antibody in the body before exposure to the HIV virus, it can prevent HIV infection. Researchers hope to develop an HIV vaccine that makes humans produce neutralizing antibodies. Existing vaccines, such as measles vaccine, polio vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine, and hepatitis A vaccine, make vaccinees neutralize antibodies to fight the virus.

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