What Is a Retrolisthesis?

Countercurrent extraction means that during the extraction process, the material and solvent move continuously at the same time, but the directions of movement are opposite.

Countercurrent extraction

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Countercurrent extraction means that during the extraction process, the material and solvent move continuously at the same time, but the directions of movement are opposite.

Countercurrent extraction means that during the extraction process, the material and solvent move continuously at the same time, but the directions of movement are opposite. Countercurrent extraction is continuous quantitative feeding through mechanical transmission. The material and the solvent are fully contacted, and the solvent in the equipment is continuously updated. The extraction process of plant active ingredients is a solid-liquid mass transfer process, which is a mass transfer process in which solid-phase raw materials are leached to a low-concentration liquid phase.

It is a mass transfer process, which can generally be divided into 3 steps:

1. Solvent into the cells of plant tissues; 2. Analysis of solutes in multiple cells, dissolved in solvents; 3. Solutes diffuse outward from the inside of the cells. It can be seen that the concentration difference of effective ingredients in plants and solvents is one of the main factors affecting the extraction process. The greater the concentration difference, the greater the driving force for leaching mass transfer. The faster the mass transfer, the greater the leaching rate of the active ingredients. The larger the concentration difference, the faster the diffusion rate of the active ingredient. Therefore, effectively increasing the concentration difference can improve the extraction efficiency. For continuous dynamic countercurrent extraction, there is a continuous concentration gradient in the solvent during the continuous liquid inflow and continuous liquid outflow, so that the extraction liquid can obtain a faster leaching speed, and can also obtain a higher concentration of the extraction liquid.

Continuous countercurrent extraction mechanical device: This device adopts countercurrent extraction technology to extract natural substances, and particularly relates to a mechanical device for continuous and dynamic extraction of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. ^[1]