What is bump mapping?

The bump mapping is a process by which the texture or texture map in a three -dimensional (3D) computer graphics program is applied to the surface to create more details on this surface. The impact map is usually used to add more surface dimension and details such as bumps, combs, scratches and other details that affect the smoothness of the surface. The use of such mapping allows the object to be created in computer graphics (CG) to make it look more realistic without increasing the number of polygons in the object. Impact mapping is usually performed using traditional bumps maps, normal maps or parallax maps. This creates the basic shape of the building and provides it with a surface. Complicated objects often have more polygons than simple objects, but a higher number of polygons often make it difficult to draw objects. This is not an Always concern about CG created for movies, but video games that portray real -time images, often have a limitation of the number of polygons that can be portrayed in the scene.

Bumping mapping is usually used to make objects with a lower number of polygons to look more realistic. For example, a single surface can be used to create a brick wall and have only one polygon. In order to see the surface realistically, each brick would have to protrude slightly further than the mortar between them and should have some dents, scratches and other textures. With bumps mapping, these details can be added without increasing the number of polygons in the scene.

There are three different types of bump mapping that can be used, although they all generally create somewhat similar effects. The basic impact map uses to create an image in the gray stage - using only white, gray and black -map. When this texture is applied as a hump map, the object seems to have a larger texture; White areas appear raised, while black areas will seem indented. This type of bump mapping does not actually change the surface of the object, only the backThe reindeer of light and shadow on this surface to give it the appearance of the texture.

A normal map is the type of map used to map the bumps, which uses red, blue and green to create a similar effect. Normal maps are usually created on the basis of highly detailed versions of the object and then applied to the low detail version of this object to create a more realistic look with less polygons. Parallax maps can also be used in impact mapping, although they are somewhat more complicated. In principle, they work by imitating the parallel effect that occurs when the object is observed from different aspects to create the illusion of the surface for the surface when viewed at the angle.