How Effective Is Metoclopramide for Lactation?

Metoclopramide tablets, the indication is an antiemetic. Mainly used for 1. symptomatic treatment of nausea, vomiting, belching, indigestion, stomach fullness, hyperacidity and other symptoms caused by various causes; 2. reflux esophagitis, bile reflux gastritis, functional stomach Retention, gastric ptosis, etc .; 3. delayed gastric emptying, delayed gastric emptying after vagal resection; 4. gastric emptying disorders caused by collagen disorders such as diabetic gastroparesis, uremia, and scleroderma.

Drug Name: Metoclopramide tablets

Drug type: Prescription medicines, essential medicines, medicines for medical workers' injuries
Use classification: Gastrointestinal stimulants

Metoclopramide tablets ingredients

Chemical name: The main ingredient of this product is metoclopramide, and its chemical name is N-[(2-diethylamino) ethyl] -4-amino-2-methoxy-5-chloro-benzamide.
Chemical Structure:

Molecular formula: C ₁₄ H ₂₂ ClN ₃ O ₂
Molecular weight: 299.80

Metoclopramide Tablet Properties

This product is a white tablet.

Metoclopramide Tablet Specifications

5mg

Metoclopramide tablets usage dosage

oral. Usual dose for adults: 5-10mg each time (1-2 tablets each time), 3 times a day. For patients with diabetic gastric emptying dysfunction, take 10 mg (2 tablets) orally 30 minutes before the onset of symptoms; or 5-10 mg (1-2 tablets) before meals and before bedtime, 4 times a day. The total adult dose should not exceed 0.5 mg / kg daily. Common dosage for children: 2.5 to 5 mg (0.5-1 tablets) each time 5 to 14 years old, taken 3 times a day, 30 minutes before meals, should be taken short-term. The total pediatric daily dose should not exceed 0.1 mg / kg.

Metoclopramide tablets adverse reactions

1. The more common adverse reactions are: lethargy, irritability, and fatigue;
2. Rare reactions are: breast swelling and pain, nausea, constipation, rash, diarrhea, sleep disturbance, dizziness, severe thirst, headache, and irritability;
3. Increase in milk during medication, due to the stimulation of prolactin;
4. Large-dose long-term application may cause dopamine receptor blockade, resulting in relatively high cholinergic receptors, leading to extrapyramidal reactions (especially young people), muscle tremor, dysphonia, ataxia, etc.

Metoclopramide tablets contraindications

1. Disabled in the following cases:
(1) Those who are allergic to procaine or procainamide;
(2) The frequency and severity of seizures can be increased by medication;
(3) Gastrointestinal bleeding, mechanical intestinal obstruction or perforation can increase the motility of the gastrointestinal tract and worsen the condition due to medication;
(4) Pheochromocytoma may develop hypertension crisis due to medication;
(5) It should not be used in patients with breast cancer who vomited due to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
2. Use with caution when:
(1) When liver failure occurs, the ability to bind to proteins is lost;
(2) Renal failure, that is, severe chronic renal failure increases the risk of extrapyramidal reactions, and the dosage should be reduced.

Precautions for metoclopramide tablets

1. Aldosterone and serum prolactin concentrations may increase due to the use of metoclopramide;
2. Patients with severe renal insufficiency must reduce the dose by at least 60%, and these patients are prone to extrapyramidal symptoms;
3. Because this product can reduce the oral bioavailability of cimetidine, if the two drugs must be combined, the interval should be at least 1 hour;
4. This product becomes yellow or yellow-brown when exposed to light, and its toxicity increases.

Metoclopramide tablets for pregnant and lactating women

It has potential teratogenic effects and should not be used by pregnant women; those who are breast-feeding with less milk can use it for short-term lactation.

Metoclopramide tablets for children

Children should not use it for a long time.

Metoclopramide tablets for elderly use

The elderly can not be used in large quantities for a long time, otherwise they will be prone to extrapyramidal symptoms.

Metoclopramide tablets drug interactions

1. When equivalent to acetaminophen, levodopa, lithium, tetracycline, ampicillin, ethanol and diazepam, gastric emptying increases faster, which increases the latter's absorption in the small intestine;
2. When used together with ethanol or central inhibitors, the sedative effect is enhanced;
3. It has an antagonistic effect in combination with anticholinergic drugs and anesthetics and analgesics;
4. In combination with antimuscarinic sedatives, the active efficacy of metoclopramide on the gastrointestinal tract can be offset;
5. Due to its catecholamine release, patients with hypertension who are using monoamine oxidase inhibitors should pay attention to monitoring;
6. When combined with paracetamol, tetracycline, levodopa, ethanol, and cyclosporine, it can increase its absorption in the small intestine;
7. Combined with apomorphine, the central and peripheral effects of the latter can be suppressed;
8. Used with cimetidine and slow-dose digoxin, the latter's gastrointestinal absorption is reduced, such as taking 2 hours apart can reduce this effect; this product can also increase the bile excretion of digoxin, Thereby changing its blood concentration;
9. In combination with drugs that can cause extrapyramidal reactions, such as phenothiazines, the incidence and severity of extrapyramidal reactions can be increased.

Metoclopramide tablets overdose

1. Symptoms of overdose: deep drowsiness, unconsciousness; muscle spasms, such as neck and back muscle spasms, drag gait, head and face convulsions, and extrapyramidal symptoms such as trembling and shaking hands.
2. When overdose, the use of anticholinergic drugs, treatment of Parkinson's disease or antihistamines can help stop the extrapyramidal response.

Metoclopramide tablets pharmacology and toxicology

This product is a dopamine second (D ₂ ) receptor antagonist. It also has a 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 (5-HT ₄ ) receptor agonistic effect and has a mild inhibitory effect on the 5-HT ₃ receptor. It can act on the dopamine receptors in the medulla oblongata chemically-sensing zone (CTZ) to increase the threshold of CTZ and has a strong central antiemetic effect. This product can also block the hypothalamic dopamine receptor, inhibit the prolactin inhibitory factor, and promote the secretion of prolactin, so it has a certain prolactin effect. It has less inhibitory effect on other parts of the center, has weaker stabilization effect, and less causes hypnotic effect. The effect on the gastrointestinal tract is mainly in the upper gastrointestinal tract, promoting the movement of the stomach and upper intestine; increasing the tension of the sphincter in the resting gastrointestinal tract, increasing the tension and contraction of the lower esophageal sphincter, increasing the pressure at the lower end of the esophagus, preventing Stomach stagnation-reflux of the esophagus, strengthening the peristalsis of the stomach and esophagus, and enhancing the ability to clear the contents of the esophagus, promoting gastric emptying; promoting relaxation of the pylorus, duodenum and upper jejunum, forming the gastric antrum, stomach body and upper part Functional coordination between small intestines. These effects can also enhance the antiemetic effect of this product. The transmission effect of this product on the small intestine and colon is uncertain.

Metoclopramide tablets pharmacokinetics

It is easily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and after entering the blood circulation, 13 to 22% quickly bind to plasma proteins (mainly albumin). Metabolized by the liver. T _{1/2 is} generally 4 to 6 hours, depending on the amount of use. It takes effect after 30 to 60 minutes orally, and the duration is generally 1 to 2 hours. Excreted by the kidney, about 85% of the oral amount is excreted in the urine in the form and glucuronic acid conjugate.

Metoclopramide tablets storage

Keep sealed.

Metoclopramide tablets packaging

Oral solid medicinal high-density polyethylene bottles, 100 tablets per bottle.

Metoclopramide tablets expiration date

36 months

Metoclopramide Tablets

"Chinese Pharmacopoeia" 2005 edition two ^[1]