What is lobotomy?
lobotomy is a surgery that involves removal or harmful parts of the frontal bark. Lobotomy was historically used to treat patients with psychological diseases and behavior disorders; In the 1950s, drugs, call therapy and other forms of treatment were largely discarded and replaced. In general, lobotomy is not done today and many people think they are actually quite barbaric. In psychotic patients, lobotomy was sometimes beneficial and calmed the patient to live a relatively normal life. Lobotomy is also known in that they cause flat effects and generally reduced sensitivity; This was considered an advantage of lobotomy historically by some advocates of the procedure. However,
lobotomy can also spoil very much. The brain is an extremely delicate and very complex organ, and in the time, lobotomy was performed, people did not know much about the brain because they did not have the advantage of a wide range of scientific instruments to visualize the brain and its activities. In the worst case, the lobotomy moh wouldLA cause death, but could also cause serious brain damage, which would result in essentially retardation of the patient. Patients could also enter the codes and persistent vegetative states after lobotomias.
It seems that the earliest lobotomy was made in 1892, when Dr. Gottlieb Burckhardt experimented with what he called leukotomy in Switzerland. Two of his patient died, so the procedure can hardly be called shouting, but planted seeds for Portuguese doctors Antonio Moniz and Almeida Lima, who worked on the lobotomy version at the age of 30, which included cutting holes in the patient's skull MONIZ actually won the Nobel Prize in 1949 for this work.
When leukotomy crossed the pond to the United States, where Dr. Walter Freeman, the name turned into "lobotomy". FreemanIl that it is possible to approach the front cortex through eye socks and perform a so -called "lobotomy of ice", which essentially mixed the connection of the brain.
In the 1950s, doctors turned to less extreme methods of treating patients with psychiatric disorders, and in the 70 years lobotomy was largely banned in most of the developed world. Today, doctors sometimes perform so -called psychosurgery, a form of neurosurgery, which includes selective brain destruction to treat very specific conditions. In general, such surgery is considered an alternative to the latest option.