What Types of Conditions Require an ICU?

ICU Nursing Basic Knowledge and Skills 340 Questions are published by Science Press, author Gu Qiuying. It mainly introduces the clinical nursing of obstetrics and gynecology diseases, integrates the basic theoretical knowledge, operating skills and typical case nursing demonstrations of clinical nursing, covers the basic knowledge and practical guidance of common diseases, and transforms the knowledge points into a question and answer The form is convenient for readers to retrieve and learn, and it also enhances the interaction and avoids the tediousness of traditional medical books. Suitable for nursing students, ICU new nurses, advanced nurses, specialist nurses, and related professional nursing staff reading reference. ^[1]

ICU nursing basic knowledge and skills

"ICU Nursing Basic Knowledge and Skills 340" is a volume in the "Clinical Nursing Series". It is well-organized and explained in simple terms. The key points of nursing are summarized in the theoretical part, which is convenient for readers to learn and master. The format of the chart standardizes the basics and specialized operations commonly used in clinical practice, and is concise and practical; it also provides a wealth of typical case nursing demonstrations, summarizes and summarizes nursing experience, and can help readers to establish intuitive understanding so as to better understand and master Theory and operation.

ICU nursing basic knowledge and skills 340 ask the first basic theory

Chapter I Formation of ICU (1)

1.What are the requirements for the scale setting of ICU?

2.How is the layout of the ICU reasonable?

3.What are the necessary equipment for ICU?

4.What types of monitoring and treatment equipment are commonly used in ICU?

5. what is intensive care?

6.What are the admission targets of ICU?

7.How many ways does ICU treat patients?

8.What are the main job responsibilities of ICU?

9.What are the classifications of ICU?

10.Which patients does ICU serve?

Chapter II Prevention of ICU Nosocomial Infections (3)

11. What is nosocomial infection?

12.How are ICU infections classified in hospitals?

13.What are the common nosocomial infections in ICU?

14.What is the definition of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?

15.How to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia?

16.What are the high-risk factors for nosocomial infections in ICU patients?

17.What are the risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia?

18.What are the main pathogens of ventilator-associated pneumonia?

19.What are the pathogens of urinary tract infections?

20.What are the risk factors for urinary tract infections?

21.How to prevent urinary tract infection?

22.What are the pathogens of intravenous catheter-related infections?

23.What are the risk factors for venous catheter-related infections?

24. How to prevent venous catheter-related infections?

25. What are the key points of infection management in ICU hospitals?

26. What are the monitoring requirements for ICU environmental hygiene?

27. What is standard prevention?

28. What does standard prevention include?

29. What is the main infection route of nosocomial infection?

Chapter III Requirements of ICU Nursing Staff (6)

30. What is the proportion of ICU nurses?

31. What are the practice requirements for ICU nurses?

32. What is the goal of ICU care?

33. What basic skills should ICU nurses have?

34. What are the nursing routines of ICU?

35. What aspects does ICU nurse training cover?

36. How to evaluate the care of ICU patients?

Chapter 4 Commonly Used Drugs in ICU (8)

37. What is the first use of adrenaline?

38. What are the pharmacological effects of glucocorticoids?

39. What diseases does a diuretic apply to?

40. What are the precautions for using heart medicine?

41. Why is continuous intravenous bolus analgesics commonly used in clinical practice as the preferred method of analgesia in patients with unconscious ICU?

42. What is the drug of choice for long-term sedation in ICU patients?

43. What are the indications for the use of sodium bicarbonate after improved ventilation?

44. What are the clinical manifestations and management principles of digitalis poisoning?

45. What is the difference between the pharmacological effects of different doses of dopamine?

46. What is the mechanism of adrenaline and its adverse reactions?

47. What is the mechanism of action, application indications and adverse reactions of norepinephrine?

48. What is the mechanism of action and adverse reactions of dobutamine?

49. What is the mechanism of action of aminophylline?

50. What is the mechanism of action and adverse reactions of atropine?

51. What is the mechanism of action and adverse reactions of uracil (Yaninidine)?

52. What is the mechanism of action and adverse reactions of sodium nitroprusside?

53. What is the mechanism of action and adverse reactions of nitroglycerin?

54. What is the mechanism of action and adverse reactions of Amiodarone (Keondron)?

55. What is the mechanism of action and adverse reactions of propafenone?

56. What is the mechanism of action and adverse reactions of lidocaine?

57. What are the effects and adverse reactions of morphine?

58. What are the effects and adverse reactions of pethidine (duolidine)?

59. What are the effects and adverse reactions of propofol (propofol)?

60. What are the effects and adverse reactions of hydrocortisone?

61. What are the effects and adverse reactions of mannitol?

62. What are the effects and adverse reactions of promethazine?

Chapter V Common ICU Critical Care (13)

Section One Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (13)

63. What is multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?

64. What are the risk factors that easily cause multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?

65. What is the characteristic clinical manifestation of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?

66. How is clinical classification of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?

67. What are the nursing measures for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?

68. What are the treatment principles for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?

69. What is the time sequence of the symptoms of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?

70. What is the most important measure to prevent multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?

Section 2 Acute Heart Failure (14)

71. What is heart failure?

72. What are the main manifestations of acute left heart failure?

73. What are the principles of treatment for acute left heart failure?

74. What position should be taken in patients with acute left heart failure?

75. How to care for acute left heart failure?

76. What are the positive signs in patients with right heart failure?

77. What are the oxygen principles and mechanisms of acute pulmonary edema?

Section III Respiratory Failure (15)

78. What is acute respiratory failure?

79. What is acute respiratory distress syndrome?

80. What are the symptoms and signs of acute respiratory distress syndrome?

81. What are the treatment principles for acute respiratory distress syndrome?

82. What are the clinical characteristics of acute respiratory distress syndrome?

83. What is the performance of hemodynamic monitoring of acute respiratory distress syndrome?

84. What are the main pathophysiological characteristics of acute respiratory distress syndrome?

85. What is the point of care for acute respiratory distress syndrome?

86. What are the characteristics of oxygen therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome?

Fourth quarter shock (16)

87. What types of shock can be divided into causes?

88. What is shock?

89. What are the main monitoring indicators of shock?

90. What are the clinical manifestations of shock decompensation?

91. What are the nursing measures for shock?

92. What are the treatment principles for shock?

93. What should I pay attention to when infusion in patients with shock?

94. When the patient is in shock, what position should be given?

95. What are the signs of shock improvement?

Section 5 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (18)

96. What is disseminated intravascular coagulation?

97. What are the principles of DIC treatment?

98.What is the cause of DIC?

What is the pathological process of DIC?

100. What kind of conditions should the nursing staff find during the operation to be highly suspect of DIC?

101. What should I do when heparin is used in excess?

Episode 6 Multiple Injuries (18)

102. How to take care of in-hospital emergency when multiple injuries occur?

103. What are the clinical characteristics of multiple injuries?

104. What is the focus of early detection of multiple injuries?

105. What is the first aid procedure for multiple injuries?

Section VII Acute Renal Failure (19)

106. What is acute renal failure?

107. How many types of acute renal failure can be divided into?

108. What are the main complications of acute renal failure?

109. What are the clinical manifestations of oliguria during acute renal failure?

110. Patients with acute renal failure maintain fluid balance and give fluids. How should fluid intake be controlled?

Section 8 Arrhythmia (20)

111. What is the pathogenesis of arrhythmia?

112. What is the most common arrhythmia?

113. How to care and monitor arrhythmia?

Section 9 Severe Acute Pancreatitis (20)

114. What is severe acute pancreatitis?

115. What are the common complications after acute pancreatitis?

116. What are the causes of acute pancreatitis?

117. What are the clinical manifestations of severe acute pancreatitis?

118. What are the principles for treating severe acute pancreatitis?

119. How are the diseases of severe acute pancreatitis staged?

Chapter 6 Common ICU Laboratory Inspections (22)

The first section of blood gas analysis and acid-base balance check (22)

120. What is the normal value of partial pressure of arterial oxygen and what is its clinical significance?

122. What are the treatment principles for respiratory acidosis?

123. What is the normal value of partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood and what is its clinical significance?

124. What is arterial blood gas analysis?

125. What are the types of acid-base imbalances?

126. What are the precautions for blood gas analysis specimen collection?

127. What are the common blood collection sites for blood gas analysis?

128. What is the actual bicarbonate (AB) and what is its clinical significance?

129. What is residual base (BE) and what is its clinical significance?

Section 2 Electrolyte Inspection (23)

130. What is the normal value of serum potassium and what is its physiological function?

131. What are the clinical manifestations of hypokalemia?

132. What is hyperkalemia, and what are the ECG manifestations of hyperkalemia?

133. What are the principles for managing hyperkalemia?

134. What is the principle of potassium supplement?

135. What is the normal value of serum sodium and what is its physiological function?

136. What is hypocalcemia and what are the clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia?

137. What are the principles for managing hypocalcemia?

Section 3 Inspection of Various Microbiological Specimens (25)

138. What are the inspection methods for microbial specimens?

139. What are the specimens for microbial detection in ICU?

140. How to arrange the collection time of blood bacteriological specimens?

141. How to collect blood culture correctly?

142. What are the precautions for retaining sputum bacteriological specimens?

143. What are the precautions for taking urine bacteriological specimens?

144. How to collect sputum culture specimens?

145. How to retain urine culture for indwelling catheterization patients?

146. What are the precautions for retaining pus samples?

147.How to collect a culture specimen of pharyngeal secretion?

Chapter 7 Common ICU Operating Skills (27)

The first section of tracheal intubation and tracheotomy (27)

148. What is the purpose of tracheal intubation?

149. What is the pressure of the balloon when the endotracheal tube is fixed?

150. What are the nursing measures for tracheal intubation?

151. What are the methods of establishing an artificial airway?

152. What should I prepare for emergency tracheal intubation?

153. What are the similarities and differences between tracheal intubation and tracheotomy?

154. What are the complications of tracheotomy?

155. When do I need an intubation?

156. Which tracheal intubation method is the most commonly used method to establish an artificial airway for rescue patients?

157. How often should an adult intubate a cuff during deflation?

158. What are the indications for tracheostomy?

159. What are the nursing measures for tracheotomy?

160. How does a tracheotomy keep the airway moist?

161. What are the indications for tracheal extubation?

Central venous catheterization and arterial puncture catheterization (2)

162. What is the role of central venous catheterization?

163. In what situations does a central venous catheter be required?

164.What are the common puncture sites for central venous catheterization?

165. What are the complications of central venous catheterization?

166. Which patients are suitable for arterial puncture?

167. What are the common puncture sites for arterial puncture catheters?

168. What are the complications of arterial puncture and catheterization?

Section III Chest Physiotherapy (30)

169. What is chest physical therapy?

170. What are the indications and contraindications for chest physiotherapy?

171. How to evaluate the effectiveness of chest physical therapy?

172. What does chest physiotherapy include?

173. What are some breathing exercises?

174. What are the indications for suctioning?

175. What are the indications for effective suctioning?

Section IV Thoracocentesis and Abdominal Cavity (31)

176. What are the preparations for thoracentesis?

177. What are the indications for thoracentesis?

178. What are the complications and treatment of thoracentesis?

179. What are the manifestations of pleural reaction?

180. What are the indications for abdominal puncture?

181. How to choose the puncture point for abdominal puncture?

182. What complications will I encounter during abdominal puncture?

183. What are the precautions for abdominal puncture?

Section 5 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (32)

184. How to determine cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest?

185. What are the main contents of CPR technology?

186. What is "biological death"?

187. What is the fastest and safest way to build an artificial airway?

188. What are the main ECG manifestations of cardiac arrest?

189. What are the basic procedures for basic life support?

190. Where is the chest compression?

191. What are the main technologies for continuous life support?

192. When should defibrillation be performed first after CPR?

193. Under what circumstances should CPR be performed for 5 cycles before calling for help?

194. How to judge the recovery is effective?

Section 6 Continuous Venous-Venous Hemofiltration (33)

195. What is continuous renal replacement therapy?

196. What is the principle of continuous renal replacement therapy?

197. What items need to be prepared for continuous renal replacement therapy?

198. What are the points of attention in preparing the replacement solution?

199. What are the anticoagulation goals of continuous renal replacement therapy?

200. What are the differences between ordinary heparin and low molecular heparin anticoagulation?

201. What are the indications for continuous renal replacement therapy?

202. What are the main points of care for continuous renal replacement therapy?

Chapter 8 Use of Common ICU Instruments (36)

The first section of multi-function monitor (36)

203. How to do skin care for the placement of ECG monitoring electrodes?

204. Where is the electrode placement?

205. What are the nursing measures for non-invasive blood pressure measurement?

206. What are the factors that affect blood oxygen saturation monitoring?

207. What are the purposes of ECG monitoring?

Second Section Ventilator (36)

208. What is the role of ventilator therapy?

209. What are the indications for ventilator use?

210. What are the types and characteristics of common ventilator ventilation modes?

211. What are the complications of long-term mechanical ventilation?

212. What are the indications for ventilator withdrawal?

Defibrillator III (38)

213. What are the indications for electric shock defibrillation?

214. What is electric shock defibrillation?

215. How should the electrode plate be placed correctly during defibrillation?

216. How to choose energy when using defibrillator?

217. How do nurses protect themselves during defibrillation?

Section IV Sputum Tester (38)

218. What is the principle of expectoration for patients to expectorate?

219. What is the vibration frequency when the sputum detector works?

The fifth section fiber bronchoscope (38)

220. In what situations does a bronchoscope need to be used?

221. What should be observed during fiberoptic bronchoscopy?

222. What is the total amount of lavage during fiber bronchoscopy?

Section 6 Infusion Pumps, Syringe Pumps and Enteral Nutrition Infusion Pumps (39)

223. What are the precautions for using the infusion pump?

Section 7 Blood Glucose Meter (39)

224. What is the correct blood collection method for a blood glucose meter?

225. What factors can cause inaccurate blood glucose results?

Chapter 9 ICU Basic Monitoring Projects (41)

226. What is the main content of ICU monitoring?

227. How to monitor body fluids and electrolytes?

228. What indicators does the monitoring system mainly observe when monitoring the ECG?

229. What is the normal range of central venous pressure (CVP)?

230. What is the role of measuring central venous pressure?

231. Where is the device placed when the CVP pressure measuring device is zero adjusted?

232. What should I pay attention to when measuring CVP?

233. What are the main aspects of respiratory monitoring in ICU patients?

234. What is the clinical significance of changes in blood pressure and central venous pressure, and what are the management principles?

235. What are the main points of care in ICU respiratory system monitoring?

236. What are the precautions for pulse oximetry monitoring?

237. What is the tidal volume (TV) of a normal adult?

238. What are the main aspects of circulatory system monitoring in ICU patients?

239.What are the main points of care in ICU circulatory system monitoring?

240. How does heart rate reflect heart function status?

241. How to monitor renal function?

Chapter 10 Nursing of Common ICU Catheters (44)

242. How to care for arterial manometer?

243.How to judge whether the central venous catheter is unobstructed?

244. What are the nursing measures for central venous catheters?

245. What is the role of the three-chamber irrigation suction tube?

246. What is the negative suction pressure for three-chamber irrigation?

247. When performing CRRT, what are the most important things that caregivers need to pay attention to?

248. How to care for various intubation?

249. How does the nursing staff evaluate the drainage tube?

250. What are the commonly used methods to check whether the feeding tube is placed correctly?

251. What are the nursing measures for feeding tubes?

252. How to observe the chest tube

...

Chapter XI Nutritional Support Therapy for Critical Illness

ICU Nursing Basic Knowledge and Skills

Chapter 12 Specialist Operation Skills

First shock defibrillation

Section II ECG Monitoring

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Section 4 Central Venous Pressure Monitoring

Section 5 Invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring

Dressing change after tracheostomy

Section VII Ventilator Application

Nursing of deep vein catheter

Section IX Blood Purification

Collection of arterial blood specimens

Section XI Use of Electronic Cooler

Section 12 Chest Physical Therapy

Article 13 Intratracheal suction

ICU Nursing Basics and Skills

Chapter 13 Case Demonstration

Case one multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)

Case two acute heart failure

Case three acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Case four shock

Case five disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Case six with multiple injuries

Case arrhythmia

Case eight severe acute pancreatitis

Case nine respiratory failure

Case ten chest injury

Case eleven acute renal failure

Case of kidney injury

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