What Are Follicular Dendritic Cells?
Innate immune cells are an important part of the body's innate immunity (non-specific immunity), and are a series of immune effector cells formed by the organism during long-term germline evolution. It is available when an individual is born and can respond quickly to invading pathogens, producing non-specific anti-infective immune effects; it can also participate in the elimination of damaged, senescent or aberrant cells in the body, and participate in adaptive immune responses.
Innate immune cells
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- Innate immune cells are the body's innate immunity (
- The main types of innate immune cells are as follows:
- 1. Phagocytic cells: including monocyte phagocytic cells,
Innate immune cell phagocyte
- Phagocytic cells mainly include neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes.
- 1. Neutrophils: Neutrophils account for 60% to 70% of blood leukocytes, and are the most abundant type of white blood cells. Neutrophils are derived from bone marrow and have a high production rate, but have a short survival period, about 2 to 3 days.
- 2. Monocyte phagocytic cells: including monocytes in blood and macrophages in tissues and organs. Monocytes are developed and differentiated from bone marrow granule-monoline progenitor cells, accounting for about 3% to 8% of blood. Monocytes stay in the blood for only 12 to 24 hours. They can differentiate into Langerhans cells when they enter the epidermal spinous layer; they can differentiate into macrophages when they enter connective tissue organs. [1]
Innate immune cell dendritic cell
- Dendritic cells are widely distributed in tissues and organs of the body, and are present in small amounts in the blood, about 1% of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, because of their many branched processes.
- 1. Langerhans cells: mainly present in the epidermis and gastrointestinal epithelium.
- 2. Interstitial dendritic cells: mainly present in connective tissue.
- 3. Branched dendritic cells: mainly present in the thymus.
- 4. Follicular dendritic cells: mainly present in peripheral immune organs. [1]
Natural killer cells
- Natural killer cells (NK) are derived from bone marrow lymphoid stem cells. Their differentiation and development depend on the bone marrow or thymus microenvironment, and they are mainly distributed in peripheral blood and spleen. [1]
NK T Innate immune cell NK T cell
- NK T cells differentiate and develop in or outside the thymus (embryonic liver), mainly distributed in the bone marrow, liver, and thymus, and are also found in small amounts in the spleen, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood. The vast majority of NK T cells were CD4-CD8-double negative and a few were CD4 + single positive. [1]
T Innate immune cells T cells
- T cells are mainly distributed in the mucosa and subcutaneous tissues of the intestine, respiratory tract and urogenital tract, and only account for 0.5% to 1% of CD3 + T cells in peripheral blood. [1]
B-1 Innate immune cells B-1 cells
- B-1 cells appear earlier during individual development. Their development is closely related to embryonic liver and can also be produced by human bone marrow. Mainly distributed in the thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity and intestinal lamina propria. [1]
Innate immune cell mast cell
- It is mainly distributed in the skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract submucosal connective tissue and tissues surrounding the blood vessel wall. [1]