What Are Granulosa Cells?

Leukocytes can be divided into granular and non-granular types according to their morphological differences. Granular leukocytes (granulocytes) contain special stained granules. Staining with Wright's dye can distinguish three types of granulocytes, namely neutrophils, eosinophils and Basophils; granulocytic leukocytes include monocytes and lymphocytes. Neutrophils

Granulocytes can be divided into three categories: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils by their performance under Wright staining. Other leukocytes that are not granulocytes are mainly monocytes and lymphocytes.

Granulocytes are differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, and this differentiation process produces granulocytes. This process includes several intermediate cells, including promyelocytic cells, promyelocytic cells, and so on.

The granulocyte system has a total of six stages of cells, including primordial granulocytes, promyelocytes, mesenchymal cells, late myeloblasts, rod-shaped neutrophils and lobulated neutrophils. Granulocytes are named because there are often many particles in the cytoplasm. Granules begin to appear from type primitive granulocytes, which are called non-specific granules (also known as A granules, azophil granules, and aniline blue granules), and from which the specific granules (ie, S granules) and S granules begin There are three types: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.Therefore, according to the specific particles, mesoblasts and cells at the following stages are divided into neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Cells, so mesophils include neutral mesophils, eosinophils, and basophil mesophils, and so on.

The following list is an example of toxic substances produced or released during granulocyte degranulation:

Low pH vesicles (3.5-4.0)

Toxic oxygen source materials (such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, monomolecular oxygen, hypohalite, etc.)

Toxic oxides (nitric oxide)

Antibacterial agents (defensins, cationic proteins)

Enzyme

Lysozyme: lyse the cell wall of some Gram-positive bacteria

Acid Hydrolase: Further Digestion of Bacteria

Granulocytopenia is a symptom of abnormally low levels of granulocytes in the blood. This symptom reduces the body's ability to fight infection. Similar terms also include agranulocytosis (complete absence of granulocytes) and neutropenia (lack of neutrophils). Replenishing granulocytes through blood transfusion is one of its treatment methods, but because granulocytes live in the blood for only about 10 hours (up to several days in the spleen and other tissues), this method has no long-term effect. In addition, this method has other complications.

Granulocytes in patients with type 1 diabetes usually lack chemotaxis.

1. Increase caused by allergic reactions

1. rise

Seen in allergic diseases [asthma, urticaria, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, allergies (eosinophils up to 8% -29%), eczema], certain drug reactions (penicillin, streptomycin, erythromycin, opioid, etc.) , Parasitic disease, nodular periarteritis and Voisins syndrome, dermatosis, hematological malignancies and neobiological disorders (sarcoidosis, Hodgkin's disease, primary erythrocytosis, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, marrow Like leukemia), radiation, benzene, early scarlet fever (8% -20% eosinophils), hyperthyroidism, endocarditis and cardiomyopathy.

Hypothyroidism; Diabetes with lactose, glucose, galactose or pentose in urine; Chronic sinusitis; Influenza; Nephrotic syndrome; Acquired hemolytic anemia; Hepatic urticaria; Hodgkin's disease; Tuberculosis; Smallpox; Myxedema; stress (trauma, electrical shock, fever); acute infection and light are easy to see the increase of basophils; chronic myelogenous leukemia is significantly increased.

2. reduce

Eosinophilia is seen in typhoid, acute malaria, diabetic acidosis, hyperadrenal function, Surrenales and stress states.

[The increase in eosinophils is generally associated with allergies (eg, asthma, urticaria) and parasitic infections. Some skin diseases such as eczema and blood diseases can also be caused, and they are also related to infectious diseases. In short, an increase in eosinophils alone cannot diagnose the disease. ^[4]