What is the corneal endothelium?
The corneal endothelium is the only thin layer of cells lining the interior, the rear surface of the cornea in the eye. It is therefore named after its location and type of cells that form it, called endothelial cells; These cells are flat and are responsible for maintaining clear cornea. The corneal endothelium, also known as the rear epithelium, points to the front chamber of the eye, which is located between the cornea and the part of the eye that covers, is called the duw.
The creation of the corneal endothelium takes place before birth, during the embryonic stage. Its origin is a nerve ridge, a group of cells that leave the nerve tube to form various cells-from cells producing melanin or melanocytes in the skin to neurons in the nervous system. After birth, the number of endothelial cells is usually around 300,000 on the cornea. In adulthood, however, cell density decreases until it settles to a range of approximately 2,000 to 3,200 cells per kotrue in each eye. The layer is usually composed of evenly cell size, which forms the hexagonal shape.
beforeThe chamber facing the corneal endothelium is located between the cornea and the iris. This space is filled with a strong watery liquid called aqueous humor. This substance performs several functions that include inflation of the eyeball and the provision of eye nutrition.
The rear of the corneal endothelium has direct contact with the liquid in the front chamber. This positioning allows the cell layers to transport the necessary nutrients from water humor to the corneal areas that need it. At the same time, the corneal endothelium takes water from the corneal trees - part of the eye to the front edge of the endothelium, which strengthens the cornea - and transports it to water humor. Support for the corneal endothelium its front border is the Descetete membrane, which is also categorized as a "basement membrane" because it is the basis of this layer of cells.
The risk of corneal endothelial fails or reduces density density as people get older or experience optical trauma. An example of a disease affecting the cellular layer is Fuchs's dystrophy or endothelial dystrophy Fuchs. This degenerative corneal disorder involves reinforcement of the descent membrane and the accumulation of fluid in the endothelium, resulting in visual damage. The layer can also be adversely affected by irritis, which is an inflammation of the iris, and glaucoma, which is characterized by damage to the optical nerve. Although there are various surgical techniques for the treatment of such diseases, there is no way to repair the corneal endothelium itself.