What is the relationship between insulin and glucagon?

insulin and glucagon are peptide hormones that maintain homeostasis or balance in blood glucose levels in the body. Beta cells produce an inactive form of insulin and glucagon is produced by alpha cells. This inactive form of insulin, pro -insulin, is then converted into insulin and insulin and glucagon during circulation by endocrine part of the pancreas and work synergies to maintain blood glucose to a very normal range. mg/dl. Hypoglycemia is the term given glucose levels in the blood below 70 mg/dl. Layers above 110 mg/dl can be considered normal immediately after eating, but should always remain below 180 mg/dl, even after eating. Glucose levels in blood above 180 mg/dl mean that there is too much glucose in the blood and is referred to as hyperglycaemia.D beta cell cells. Low insulin levels are always excreted, but the amount of insulin excreted into the bloodstream increases after meals. As glucose levels rise in the blood, the amount of insulin is also excluded. Releasing insulThe ína causes muscle cells, red blood cells and fat cells to take glucose from the blood and reduce blood glucose levels back to the normal range. As blood glucose levels decrease, insulin secretion decreases.

hyperglycemia may be a temporary condition that shows no symptoms. Chronic hyperglycaemia, however, can cause long -term debilitating complications, including loss of vision and damage to the heart, nerve and kidneys. Those who are most likely to suffer from hyperglycemia are people with diabetes mellitus. That is why treatment of diabetes often involves the use of insulin to maintain blood glucose in normal range and relatively balanced.

blood glucose levels usually fall between meals and during exercise. When blood glucose levels are too low, the pancreatic alpha cells exclude glucagon to help increase these levels. As with insulin, glucagon affects many cells in the body but the liverAnd the glucagon receptor is a key receptor.

Liver stores glucose in the form of glycogen. The secreted glucagon causes the liver to turn this stored glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream, which increases blood glucose levels in this process. Glukagon also triggers liver, muscle cells and other cells to create glucose using building blocks obtained from other nutrients such as protein. This process is called gluconeogenesis and helps maintain blood glucose concentration during intense exercise or starvation. With insulin and glucagon they use their two very different functions to help keep the body properly.