What is a cytokin receptor?

cytokines are small proteins that are secreted by certain cells to regulate immunity and inflammation in the body. It affects its target cells by linking specific proteins found on the cell membrane called receptors. Each cytokine can only be tied to a specific cytokine receptor that regulates both cytokine affecting and cells.

There are many different types of cytokines and cytokine receptors. They are categorized on the basis of the type of cell, which makes cytokines and structure and function of cytokine and cytokine receptor. The largest category of cytokines stimulates multiplication and differentiation of various cells involved in the immune response. It usually consists of interleukin cytokines (IL). These cytokines are produced by one type of leukocyte, a type of white blood cells and activates other leukocyte. One type of cytokine can be tied to one cytokine receptor. This does not mean that the production and activation of cytokines are equally specific. Some cells produce different types of cytokines and someEré target cells have more than one type of cytokine receptor on the membrane, so they can be stimulated by more than one type of cytokine.

When the cytokin binds to the corresponding receptor, the receptor is activated. Usually this means that the secondary messenger in the cell is stimulated by a cytokine receptor. The secondary messenger then causes the reaction to change its behavior. The common reactions of cell stimulation to cytokines include an increase or decrease in the expression of protein receptors on the cell membrane, secreting molecules, which could be other cytokines and cell growth and multiplication.

Cytokine activity can be blocked by antagonistic molecules. These E can reduce the efficiency of cytokines in one of the two ways. First, the antagonist can bind to the cytokin itself. This in turn causes cytokine to change its shape, so it can no longer bind to the cytokin receptor. Because cytokin can no longer bind to molecThe receptor, the immune response is stopped.

Second, antagonists can be a similar, almost identical shape as cytokine. When an antagonist is the same shape as cytokine, he can bind to a cytokine receptor. When the antagonist ties to the receptor, he blocks the cytokines from custody there. Although the antagonist is bound to the receptor molecule on the surface of the cell membrane, the receptor does not activate, so that the target cell is not stimulated.