What is a flood wall?
The flood wall is a engineering structure designed to prevent water from interfering with residential, commercial or government property. Designs for flood protection walls can be relatively simple and short -term, such as vertical piles of sand bags, or it can be long -term permanent structures where steel beams and bases are included in the ground. In the UK, the flood wall is often referred to as a dam, and it can also be a trench dug below the normal level of land to act as a barrier and the way of riding water that rises sharply from the river, lake or excessive drain towards buildings.
Emergency flood support wall is often built by volunteers who fill sand bags and put them in a vertical and horizontal line around buildings and other structures that are at risk of rising water. These types of flood walls onYours are that they are relatively easy to assemble and dismantle and are made of easily accessible materials in many places. Compact sand acts as an effective barrier of water, because it is heavy enough to withstand wind and water pressure and composed mainly of quartz, which does not absorb water as clay or dirt. The disadvantage of the flood wall built in the sand is that it requires a lot of work for construction and is not practical for the long -term connection of large areas. It is estimated that the flood wall built of sand bags 300 feet (91.4 meters) long and 3 feet (0.91 meters) require about 7,000 average sand bags and 250 tons of sand to build.
The design of the flood wall is unique depending on the long -term conditions for the area or the current level of crisis. In the US, it has been estimated that to 75% of all flood water damage, water flowing at a level of less than 3 feet (0.91 meters) in height, so the most temporary flood wall structures are first built on thisVertical level. Building flood walls in the UK, which protects from regular floods of rivers from heavy rainfall known as lightning floods, is based on the principle that 12 hours of rain increase the water level up to 6 meters (20 feet) so that preparations must be significantly larger than smaller flood walls.
The largest version of the flood wall design are those that are built to protect large metropolitan areas or important industrial equipment sitting near the main waterways such as nuclear power plants, and are at or near the sea level. An example of this is the American city of New Orleans, which has a large number of flood walls built around its perimeter, which is also maintained by the US Army Corps engineers. After damage to the city structure and flood walls by Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the Army Corps began to rebuild the flood wall system to be able to withstand the predicted storm once in the century, with ADAtum completion in 2011. Part of the new flood wall is built of reinforced concrete, which ranges from 15 to 19 feet per height (4.6 to 5.8 meters) with 5 feet (1.5 meters) with a thick concrete base and reinforcing base that extends down to the ground of 12 stories, or about 150 feet (46 meters). The wall is also built into the voltage connectors, expanding joints and water features that allow flexibility to retain the pressure of water overvoltage powered into the inland from the Atlantic Ocean.