What Is a Polar Bond?
In compound molecules, the covalent bonds formed by different kinds of atoms, because the two atoms have different abilities to attract electrons, the shared electrons must inevitably be biased towards the atom with the stronger ability to attract electrons, so the atom with the weaker electron attraction is relatively positive Electrically, such covalent bonds are called polar covalent bonds, or polar bonds for short. Non-polar bond: a covalent bond formed by atoms of the same element, the shared electrons are not shifted, and the electricity is neutral.
Polar bond
- The H-Cl bond in the HCl molecule is a polar bond: In the HCl molecule, the Cl-
- according to
- Not only
- If the configuration of the molecule is asymmetric, the molecule is a polar molecule. Such as:
- Diatomic molecules composed of the same kind of atoms are non-polar molecules .
- It is enough to know the following in high school:
- Polar molecules: HX, CO, NO, H 2 O, H 2 S, NO 2 , SO 2 , SCl 2 , NH 3, H 2 O 2 , CH 3 Cl, CH 2 Cl 2 , CHCl 3 , CH 3 CH 2 OH
- Non-polar molecules: Cl 2 , H 2 , O 2 , N 2 , CS 2 , BF 3 , P 4 , C 2 H 2 , SO 3 , CH 4 , CCl 4 , SiF 4 , C 2 H 4 , C 6 H 6 , PCl 5 , gasoline (mixture, not strictly speaking)
- For AnBm type n = 1 m> 1, if the absolute value of A valence is equal to the number of main families, it is non-polar.