What is amplification of the gene?
gene amplification, also known as the duplication of the gene or chromosomal duplication, is a cellular process in which more copies of the gene are produced. The result is amplification of a phenotype or an expressed feature associated with a gene. This usually occurs due to a serious genetic defect in a cell or a group of cells. The amplification of the gene has serious consequences for evolutionary history as well as for resistance to drugs in cancer cells and is the main problem in biology for many other reasons. This occurs during many genetic processes, but is the most predominant in meiosis, which is produced and replicated. Retrotransposons also contribute to the duplicity of the gene; These are genetic elements that are able to intensify. Duplicated genes are susceptible to mutation, as a mutation of copied genes generally do not get rid of the health of the host organism.
, although it is debating its importance for evolution, many of them believeThey are that the amplification of the gene is an extremely important aspect of evolutionary history. Some evidence suggests that the whole genome of yeast, a summary of all the genetic information of yeast, has experienced the event of gene duplication in relatively recent history. Plants tend to be subject to amplification of the gene more often than animals. For example, wheat is a hexaploid containing six complete copies of its genome. When the genes are amplified and strengthened characters, the strengthened properties are inherited by offspring and passed on to the following generations; This is a very important consideration in evolution.
Not all amplification of genes is of great importance for evolution. Sometimes a reinforced feature dies with a single organism that is experiencing geniostere. This occurs when the gene is excessively expressed and the property for which it encodes is expressed at a level that is unhealthy to the body. This may also happen when duplicate in a somatic cell rather than in a sex cell. Genetic information in somatic cells does not transmit to thenKy, so it is not in later generations.
One of the most widespread aspects of amplification of the gene is its role in resistance to drugs in some diseases. For example, cancer cells often express significant drug resistance due to a amplification of a gene that prevents cancer cells to fully absorb chemotherapeutic drugs. Specifically, amplification occurs in a gene that encodes a protein that is able to selectively draw materials from cancer cells. This protein tends to pump chemotherapeutic agents from the cell and in many cases effectively neutralizes treatment.
Due to its role in health and science, Gene amplifmnoho is considered to be the main concerns in the field of biology. Further information on the topic could lead to the main breakthroughs in the study of the origin of many species and many properties that these species have. This could also lead to a drug for the main disease that claimed millions of lives: cancer.