What Is Protein Electrophoresis?

In pathological and physiological conditions, the concentration and ratio of various serum proteins can vary. Therefore, the analysis of the total amount of serum proteins and individual protein components is of great significance in clinical diagnosis. Protein electrophoresis (SPE) is a technique for analyzing proteins. Proteins are negatively or positively charged in a buffer solution and moved to the anode in an electric field. This is called electrophoresis. Different protein molecules have different electrophoretic mobility. Protein electrophoresis can divide serum proteins into five zones of albumin, 1, 2, , and -globulin. Each zone contains one or more protein components, and the changes in each zone are closely related to disease.

Basic Information

Chinese name: Protein electrophoresis

Clinical significance of protein electrophoresis

1. Increased albumin: high dehydration, etc.

2. Increased 1-globulin: liver cancer, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, malnutrition, etc.

3. Increased 2-globulin: nephrotic syndrome, biliary cirrhosis, liver abscess, malnutrition, etc.

4. Increased -globulin: hyperlipidemia, obstructive jaundice, biliary cirrhosis, kidney disease, hyperlipidemia, iron deficiency anemia, etc.

5. Increased gamma-globulin: gamma-globulin, liver disease, chronic infection, systemic lupus erythematosus, monoclonal and polyclonal myeloma, cirrhosis, tumors, multiple myeloma, etc.

6.Albumin reduction: malignant tumors, severe tuberculosis, hyperthyroidism, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, burns, etc.

7. 1, 2, -globulin decrease: severe liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, myeloma, anemia, severe liver disease can cause the reduction of major proteins in the a2-globulin zone.

8. Gamma-globulin decreased: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, light chain disease, non-gammaglobulinemia, hypoimmunoglobulinemia, nephrotic syndrome, etc.