What Is a Polarizer?

Polarizer (Polarizer) refers to a device that uses natural light to emit polarized light from natural light. Commonly used polarizers are: polarizers, Nicols and so on.

Polarizer

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Polarizer (Polarizer) refers to a device that uses natural light to emit polarized light from natural light. Commonly used polarizers are: polarizers, Nicols and so on.

Polaroid: dichroic organic crystals, such as iodoquinine sulfate, tourmaline or polyvinyl alcohol film, soaked in iodine solution, stretched at high temperature, dried, and then stuck to two glass sheets A polarizer is formed between them. It has a specific direction and only allows vibrations parallel to that direction to pass through. This direction is called the direction of transparent vibration.

It is an artificial diaphragm, which has a large number of tiny grains arranged according to a certain rule, and has the ability to selectively absorb light vibrations in different directions, so that the diaphragm has a special direction when a beam of natural light hits the diaphragm When it is up, the light vibration component perpendicular to this direction is completely absorbed, and only the light vibration component parallel to this direction is passed to obtain

Natural light passes through the polarizing plate and becomes polarized light, and the direction of polarization of the polarized light is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizing plate. Here, the polarizing plate functions as a polarizer .

Analyzer-used to check whether a certain beam of light is polarized.

Method: Turn the polarizer and observe the change in transmitted light intensity:

Natural light: the transmitted light intensity does not change

Polarized light: change in transmitted light intensity

After the polarized light passes through the polarizer, the transmitted light intensity changes during the process of rotating the polarizer. Here, the polarizer functions as an analyzer.

Etienne Louis Malus (1775-1812), French physicist and military engineer, was born in Paris.

The polarization of reflected light was discovered in 1808, and the law of the intensity of polarized light was determined;

He was elected as a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences in 1810 and has received the Royal Society of London Medal.

In 1811, he discovered the polarization of refracted light.

Contents of Marius' Law:

For polarized light with an intensity of I0, after passing through the analyzer, the intensity of the transmitted light (without considering absorption) is:

I = Io (cos ) ^ 2

Where is the angle between the polarization direction of the analyzer and the polarization direction of the incident polarized light.