What Is an Industrial Robot?

An industrial robot is a multi-joint manipulator or a multi-degree-of-freedom machine device oriented to the industrial field. It can automatically perform work and is a machine that realizes various functions by its own power and control capabilities. It can accept human command or run according to pre-programmed procedures. Modern industrial robots can also act according to the principles formulated by artificial intelligence technology.

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The earliest known industrial robot, which conforms to the ISO definition, was completed and published by the "Regulations" Griffith P. Taylor in 1937, in the journal Meccano, March 1938. The Meccano pieces are built almost entirely with a crane-like device and are powered by a single electric motor. Moving five axes is possible, including grab and spin. Automation is achieved by using a perforated paper tape to energize the solenoid, which will facilitate the movement of the control lever of the crane. The robot can stack blocks in a preset pattern. The number of revolutions of each required motion motor needs to be plotted on the graph paper for the first time. This information was then transferred to a paper tape, which also pushed the robot's single motor. In 1997, a complete copy of the robot built by Chris Shute.

George Divo filed a patent for the first robot in 1954 (granted in 1961). The first company to make the robot was Unimation, founded by Divo and founded by Joseph F. Engelberger in 1956, and based on Divo's original patent. Unimation robots are also known as programmable transfer machines because their main purpose at the beginning was to transfer objects from one point to another, separated by less than ten feet. They use hydraulic actuators and program joint coordinates, that is, the angles of each joint in the storage and playback operations in a teaching phase. They are accurate to 1 / 10,000 of an inch. Unimation later licensed its technologies, Kawasaki Heavy Industries and GKN, to manufacture Unimates in Japan and the United Kingdom, respectively. For some time Unimation's only competitor was Milacron, Cincinnati, Ohio. This fundamentally changed the late 1970s, when several large consortia of Japan began producing similar industrial robots.

In 1969, Victor Scheinman invented Stanford's arm, a fully electric, 6-axis articulated robot at Stanford University to allow a one-arm solution. This makes it more accurate to track arbitrary paths in space, broadening the potential for more complex robotic applications such as assembly and welding. Shainman then designed the MIT artificial intelligence laboratory for the second arm, known as "the arm of MIT." Shainman, who received a scholarship to develop his designs from Unimation, sold those designs to Unimation who further Develop their support to General Motors, which later went public with the Programmable General Purpose Machine Assembly (PUMA).

Industrial robots took off fairly quickly in Europe. Both ABB robots and KUKA robots brought the robot market. In 1973, ABB Robotics (formerly ASEA) launched IRB 6, the world's first commercially available fully electric microprocessor-controlled robot. The first two IRB 6 robots were sold to Magnussen in Sweden to grind and polish tube bends and were installed in production in January 1974. Also in 1973, KUKA Roboter built its first robot and was Called FAMULUS, also a 1st joint robot has 6 electromechanical drive shafts.

In robotics in the late 1970s, the interest of many American companies increased into the field, including large companies such as General Electric and General Motors (this formed a joint venture between FANUC Robotics and FANUC Japan LTD). American startups include Automatix and skilled technology, the height of the company's boom in robotics in 1984, and Unimation acquired Westinghouse Electric for $ 1.07 million. Westinghouse sold Unimation to Stäubli Favège SCA in France in 1988, and is still carrying out articulated robots for general industrial and clean room applications, and even bought the Robotics Division, Bosch in late 2004.

Only a few non-Japanese companies managed and eventually survived in this market. The main ones are: skilled technology, Stäubli, Unimation, Swedish-Swiss company ABB Assia Brown Boveri, German company KUKA Robotics and Italy Comau.

The industrial robot proposed by Devor has the following characteristics:

Industrial robot consists of the main body,

The robot control system is the brain of the robot and is the main factor that determines the function and performance of the robot.

Mobile Robot (AGV)

move robot(

Typical applications of industrial robots include welding, painting, assembly, collection and placement (such as packaging, palletizing, and SMT), product inspection and testing, etc .; all tasks are completed with high efficiency, durability, speed and accuracy.

In the Americas, industrial robots are widely used. Automotive and auto parts manufacturing are the main application areas. In 2012, the demand for industrial robots in these two industries accounted for 61% of the total share.

Industrial robots are heading

According to the 2012 World Robotics Research Report released by the International Robotics Federation (IFR), there were at least 1,153,000 operating industrial robots at the end of 2011. This number is expected to reach 1,575,000 by the end of 2015.

According to the 2011 International Federation of Robotics estimates, global sales of industrial robots were $ 8.5 billion. After including the cost of software, peripherals and system engineering, the annual turnover of the robot system is estimated to reach $ 25.5 billion in 2011.

The Japanese government estimates that the industry may go from about $ 5.2 billion in 2006 to nearly $ 26 billion in 2010 and surge to $ 70 billion in 2025. In 2005, there were more than 370,000 industrial robots in operation in Japan. In the 2007 national technology development roadmap, the Ministry of Trade called for the installation of 1 million industrial robots across the country by 2025.

Estimated number of industrial robots supplied each year (set):

years	supply
1998	69000
1999	79000
2000	99000
2001	78000
2002	69000
2003	81000
2004	97000
2005	120000
2006	112000
2007	114000
2008	113000
2009	60000
2010	118000
2011	166000
2012	168000
2013	175000