How Safe Is Measles Immunization?

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measles vaccine

Measles boost immunity

In order to implement the National Action Plan for Measles Elimination in 2006-2012 and achieve the goal of controlling measles incidence in 2012 to less than 1/100 million, in recent years, provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China have met The inoculation of the measles vaccine to the specified age group in a short period of time is an effective means to quickly improve the population's immunity and block the transmission of measles virus in a short period of time. This is measles boost. The implementation of immunization planning is the main strategy for controlling and even eliminating infectious diseases. In 2005, all countries in the World Health Organization's Western Pacific Region, where our country is located, committed to achieve the goal of eliminating measles by 2012. One of the important technical measures to eliminate measles is to organize measles vaccine to strengthen immunity.

About measles boost

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measles vaccine

Immunization program is the main strategy to control and even eliminate infectious diseases. In 2005, all countries in the World Health Organization's Western Pacific Region, where our country is located, committed to achieve the goal of eliminating measles by 2012. One of the important technical measures to eliminate measles is to organize measles vaccine to strengthen immunity. In order to implement the National Action Plan for Measles Elimination in 2006-2012 and achieve the goal of controlling measles incidence in 2012 to less than 1/100 million, in recent years, provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China have met The inoculation of the measles vaccine to the specified age group in a short period of time is an effective means to quickly improve the population's immunity and block the transmission of measles virus in a short period of time. This is measles boost (hereinafter referred to as measles immunity).

Measles Enforced Immunization Standard

Regardless of whether the group has been vaccinated against measles or has not been infected with measles, a dose of measles vaccine is given.

Applicable conditions for measles boost

From the above measles

Measles vaccine comics

Judging by the enforcement standards of exemptions, this is an extensive, one-size-fits-all public health strategy. In the 1980s and 1990s, China's immunization work was not too standard. The measles vaccination rate among people is generally not high and there is no written vaccination record certificate. After the written vaccination records of the population are verified, vaccination of people without a history of vaccination is performed On the contrary it seems tedious. Therefore, administering a dose of measles vaccine regardless of the history of vaccination in a specified age group is conducive to simplifying the vaccination process and rapidly improving the measles immunity of this population. It can be said that measles immunity is only a public health action under specific background conditions. Its extensive and one-size-fits-all nature determines that it cannot be used as a conventional means of disease control.

Limitations of measles boost

Measles booster immunization

After entering the 21st century, China's vaccination work has become more and more standardized, and most

Measles boost immunity

The public is becoming more and more agreeable with vaccination, so the 2 doses of measles vaccine for children (when statistics are given, the measles vaccine, measles vaccine, leprosy vaccine, and measles vaccine are also counted) Higher level (over 90%). And more importantly, the country implements a vaccination certificate system for children, and written records are kept on the vaccination certificates for measles vaccines. Measles immunization treats all children as immunized. As a result, 90% of immunized children are tired of 10% of immunized children and receive one more dose of measles vaccine. One more dose of measles vaccine is basically not good for avoiding measles in children who have been vaccinated, because 95% of people who have been vaccinated twice in the normal vaccination program have developed immunity to measles. Experts generally believe that 95% of the population can block the transmission of measles. One more dose of measles vaccine may increase the population's immunity to 98%, but the social cost and possible increase of adverse effects caused by one dose of measles vaccine The risk of response is much higher than the 3% immunity improvement effect.

Measles boosted immunity cannot cover all affected people

The measles waiver to be launched in September 2010 is for children aged 8 months to 4 years (8 months to 14 years in some areas), and the cumulative number of vaccinations will reach 130 million by 2012 (will continue in 2011 and 2012) Measles immunity). The incidence of measles in China in 2009 was not less than 300/100 million, and 52% of measles cases were <8 months of age and> 14 years of age. If measles vaccinations can indeed avoid the incidence of children between 8 months of age and 14 years of age, only It can reduce the incidence of measles to 15/1 million, which is still far from the standard of 1/100 million to eliminate measles. There is no reason to believe that measles immunization for children aged 8 months to 14 years can reduce the incidence of measles in other populations. Another important issue is that it is highly likely that 10% of unveiled children are still not vaccinated against measles because the vaccination staff is busy dealing with 90% of the vaccinated children and cannot better detect 10%. Unborn children.

Measles booster has partially replaced routine vaccination

The economic income of grassroots vaccinators in many areas of China is low, and the measles vaccine is free

Measles vaccine

There is no difference in income from measles vaccination, and the state subsidy of 3 yuan per dose is far from enough for the cost of grassroots vaccination. The regular 2 doses of measles vaccination in these areas are very low. Because of the state funding support for measles exemptions, these areas have abandoned routine vaccination. Instead, they rely on annual measles exemptions to increase vaccination rates and control epidemics. China s polio vaccine waiver has lasted for more than 10 years, and many children have been vaccinated more than 10 times (according to the standard vaccination procedure, polio vaccine only needs 4 times); China s measles waiver has also been done in different provinces. many years. In the process of measles immunization, as immunization of people with a low vaccination rate can indeed effectively control the epidemic temporarily, the immunization seems to be very effective. However, after a few years in these areas, the rate of vaccination of the new born population is still low, and the epidemic will return. At this time, compulsory immunization must be carried out again, which has formed a vicious circle.

Ethical issues of measles-enhanced informed consent

As a nationwide public health campaign, measles immunization can arouse the public's concern about eliminating measles, and it has a certain propaganda role. Parents of some unborn children may come to get measles vaccine because of social propaganda. However, this effect cannot obliterate the basic scientific fact that those who have received two doses of measles vaccine do not need to receive one more dose. Vaccination requires an informed consent form. If the informed consent form does not inform the child s parents of the scientific fact that a person who has received 2 doses of measles vaccine can not be vaccinated, it means a violation of ethical principles.

Huge risk of measles booster group vaccination

The 2010 measles exemption involved nearly 90 million children, and required that the population be vaccinated within 10 days, with a vaccination rate of 95%. This means that the measles immunization is the largest mass vaccination in China's history, which is equivalent to the amount of influenza A vaccination in 2009 (the latter was completed within a few months, and the number of immunizations per unit time is much lower than that of measles Free). According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the annual mortality rate of the population in 2008 is 7 . Assuming that the annual mortality rate of the subject of exemption is only 1 , the number of deaths of 90 million children within 10 days after exemption will be 90 million × 1 × 10 Days / 365 days = 2465 people; assuming 95% of 2465 people die from obvious causes, 123 people (2465 × 5%) will die for unknown reasons within 10 days after vaccination. All these unexplained deaths are coincidental, but if the news media reports such post-vaccination deaths, it will put measles immunity in trouble and will once again raise public questions about the safety of vaccination.

Scientific Strategy for Measles Strengthening Immunity

Measles boosted immune leak detection

In the current context of immunization, continue to

Measles boosts immunity everywhere

Rash vaccine leak detection and reseeding is a better strategy choice. This strategy is based on recognized scientific facts. Reinoculation of measles vaccine to people who have not been vaccinated with 2 doses can really improve the population's immunity, avoid a lot of useless work, and avoid the risks of mass vaccination.

Measles booster routine immunization

The need for measles booster immunization means that the most basic work has not been done-to ensure that children receive two doses of routine measles vaccine. The government should study the real reasons why routine vaccination has not been implemented, and ensure that grass-roots vaccination personnel can provide two doses of routine measles vaccination services to the appropriate age group according to the nationally prescribed vaccination system.

Measles boosted immunity

1. Why do we need to strengthen immunity?

The main purpose of the implementation of booster immunization is to provide an opportunity for replanting for children who have not been vaccinated before, or children who have failed to immunize due to other reasons such as individual differences, so as to enable children to develop effective immunity; On the other hand, measles vaccine boosting immunity to specific populations in a short period of time can quickly improve population immunity, form an immune barrier, and effectively block the spread of measles virus.

2. Is the vaccine domestic or imported?

The vaccines used in this national measles vaccine booster immunization are domestically produced vaccines that have been tendered and procured from domestic production-qualified enterprises by the provinces in accordance with the tendering and procurement procedures stipulated in the "Bidding Law of the People's Republic of China". Qualified vaccines are tested in each batch.

3. Is there any charge for this booster?

There is no charge for children's parents this time. The cost of vaccines and syringes is borne by the state finance.

4. Do vaccinated children still need them?

After measles vaccination, individuals are generally effectively protected. However, it also varies according to the age of the recipient and the physical fitness of the recipient. The case of no antibody production after vaccination is called immune non-response (or unsuccessful immunization). These people may be infected if there is a measles epidemic around them.