What Are the Different Levels of Obesity?

Obesity refers to a certain degree of overweight and a thick fat layer, which is a state caused by the accumulation of body fat, especially triglycerides. Due to excessive food intake or changes in body metabolism, excessive fat accumulation in the body causes excessive weight gain and causes pathological, physiological changes or latency of the human body. Evaluation criteria: obesity = (actual weight-standard weight) ÷ standard weight × ± 100%. Weight loss methods include: enema weight loss method, osmotic weight loss method, sauna weight loss method, milk powder weight loss method, skipping weight loss method, Pu'er tea weight loss method and so on.

Obesity refers to a certain degree of overweight and a thick fat layer, which is a state caused by the accumulation of body fat, especially triglycerides. Due to excessive food intake or changes in body metabolism, excessive fat accumulation in the body causes excessive weight gain and causes pathological, physiological changes or latency of the human body. Evaluation criteria: obesity = (actual weight-standard weight) ÷ standard weight × ± 100%. Weight loss methods include: enema weight loss method, osmotic weight loss method, sauna weight loss method, milk powder weight loss method, skipping weight loss method, Pu'er tea weight loss method and so on.

Definition of obesity medicine

Word meaning: Obesity refers to a certain degree of obvious overweight and a thick fat layer, which is a state caused by the accumulation of body fat, especially triglycerides. It does not refer to a simple weight gain, but a state of excess fat tissue accumulation in the body. Due to excessive food intake or changes in body metabolism, excessive fat accumulation in the body causes excessive weight gain and causes pathological, physiological changes or latency of the human body.

Primarily related to the family, personal living habits, socioeconomic development, cultural background, and other circumstances, as well as poor eating habits and insufficient exercise.

Male and female body fat possession strings are somewhat different, but generally around 20%. How much body fat there is, that is, body fat share = fat weight / weight. In adolescence (12 years old), the body fat of boys and girls is about 20%, and it decreases to 15% in men and 18% in women. Both men and women over the age of 18 are on the rise. The normal body fat rate is 15% to 20% for men and 20% to 25% for women. If it increases from 20% to 25% -30%, then it is obesity

Obesity assessment criteria

Obesity

Obesity = (actual weight-standard weight) ÷ standard weight × ± 100%

Obesity is within ± 10%, which is called normal. Obesity exceeding 10% is called overweight. Obesity exceeding 20% -30% is called mild obesity. Obesity over 30% -50% is called moderate obesity. Obesity is over 50%, which is called severe obesity. Obesity is less than -10%, which is called lean. Obesity is less than -20%, which is called wasting.

Determination of obesity

The currently used body mass index (BMI) is referred to as BMI, which is also translated as body mass index. It is an index that calculates weight for height. The specific calculation method is the weight (kg, kg) divided by the square of the height (m, m), that is, BMI = weight / height / height (kg / m2). Studies have shown that the body mass index of most individuals has a significant correlation with the percentage of body fat, which can better reflect the degree of body obesity.

According to the analysis of the degree of obesity by body mass index, the body mass index limit value established by the World Health Organization (WHO) is generally used in the world, that is, the body mass index is 25.0 ~ 29.9 as overweight, and 30 or more is obese. The China Office of the International Society for Life Sciences has organized a "Chinese Obesity Working Group" composed of multidisciplinary experts. It has conducted a survey of 240,000 people in 21 provinces, cities, and regions in China including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipids. Relevant data is analyzed collectively, and the Chinese BMI standard is proposed accordingly. The BMI value "24" is the limit for Chinese adults to be overweight, and the BMI "28" is the limit for obesity. The waist circumference of men is 85 cm, and the waist circumference of women is 80 cm. Limits of abdominal fat accumulation.

(BMI- Body Mass Index)

BMI (kg / m2) = weight (kg) / height squared

Light weight BMI	Healthy BMI	Overweight BMI	Obese BMI
BMI <18.5	18.5BMI <24	24BMI <28	28BMI

Causes of Obesity

(1) Genetic and environmental factors

(2) Changes in substance metabolism and endocrine function

(3) Increase in the number of fat cells and hypertrophy

(4) Neuropsychological factors

(5) Life and eating habits

(6) Drug-induced obesity

(7) Intestinal problems, residues that cannot be absorbed

Simple obesity

Several common causes of simple obesity:

Simple obesity accounts for more than 95% of obese people. Generally, the so-called "middle-aged obesity" also belongs to simple obesity, but among middle-aged obese people, there are sometimes symptomatic obesity, so it cannot be ignored. The average person's daily diet often ingests high-calorie foods containing fat. Once they consume excessive fat, of course, they will cause excess energy and promote the accumulation of fat. At the same time, they will consume excessive "alcohol" and cause excess energy. Many people will ignore this, so I often hear people say, "Why do I eat very little and still get fat, I just drink alcohol.

"So, daily diet is very important. There is another reason is that the body has too much toxin, that is, the body has a lot of impurities. The human body consists of three circulatory systems, blood, lymph, and digestive system. Lymph is equal to the human immune system. Absorbing nutrients, blood plays a role in nourishing tissues, regulating organ activity, and defending against harmful substances. Obesity is formed when the income is not balanced. This is why obese people have high blood pressure, poor immunity and insufficient gastric motility.

The following are the causes of simple obesity:

1. Genetic factors: Most are identified as "multifactorial inheritance". When parents' physical fitness is passed on to their children, they are not determined by a single genetic factor, but the majority of genetic factors determine the child's physical fitness. Dependent diabetes and obesity belong to this type of inheritance. If one parent is obese, the child has a 40% chance of obesity. If both parents are obese, the chance that the child may be obese increases to 70% -80%. It is true that there are not many examples of "multi-factor inheritance", and inheritance of "wrong eating habits" of parents, and examples of obesity are not uncommon.

2. Social environment factors: Many people have the concept of "Eat is Blessed." In today's society, there are many types of food, and a variety of foods are often tempting you. In addition, "eat a meal" has become a common practice. Of course, this becomes the main cause of obesity.

3 Psychological factors: In order to relieve mood troubles and emotional instability, many people also use "eating" as a vent. This is the cause of obesity caused by overeating.

4 Factors related to exercise: Exercise helps to consume fat. In daily life, with the development of transportation, mechanization of work, and reduction of household chores, the human body has fewer opportunities to consume calories. On the other hand, because of energy intake It did not decrease, but became obese. Obesity leads to slower and lazier daily activities, and reduces the consumption of calories again, leading to a vicious cycle and promoting the occurrence of obesity.

American Study on Obesity

According to research by Brigham Young University in the United States, the factors affecting body obesity are not limited to lack of sleep. The university's sports science experts conducted sleep study surveys of female students at two universities in the western United States for several weeks, and concluded the following three points:

1. Sleeping and getting up on time every day can effectively suppress weight gain

2. Sleep time less than 6.5 hours or higher than 8.5 hours can cause weight gain

3. The quality of sleep will have an impact on weight

Obesity Obesity Hazard

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease

Obesity affects the function of the digestive system

Obesity affects the function of the endocrine system

Obesity increases risk of cancer

Obesity not only affects physical beauty, but also brings inconvenience to life. In addition, there are joint soft tissue damage, decreased fertility, and psychological disorders, heart disease, diabetes, atherosclerosis, fatty liver, gallstones, edema, gout and so on.

It can be said that obesity is the source of all diseases.

Reasons for obese women to gain weight

I. Puberty

When a woman enters puberty, the ovaries and adrenal cortex begin to functionally change and produce two hormones, namely, female and male, and then ovarian ovulation will naturally synthesize progestin, which will cause female physical changes such as rapid increase, breast development, Body fat increases and the body becomes fuller, showing obvious secondary sexual characteristics.

The above-mentioned series of changes are normal and are phenomena that natural development cannot span. What is particularly noticeable is that adolescent obesity plays a vital role in sexual maturity, menstrual cramps and the formation of regularity, and there is no need to worry about it.

In fact, many women are worried that this kind of adolescent obesity will become uncontrollable at the first sight of getting fat, so they just go on a bitter diet, which causes psychological anorexia and serious nutritional deficiency over time. In any case, this is harmful to the normal development of puberty and normal growth in the future.

Experts from Michael Tyre suggest that to achieve healthy and normal development during adolescence, it is necessary to rely on a reasonable and timely diet, but gluttony, snacks and sweets should be avoided. Pay more attention to physical exercise and physical labor, adolescent obesity can be spent smoothly. Except for individual obesity, no fuss about weight loss.

After joining the work

According to a survey conducted by an American professional website for office workers, working in the workplace often leads to obesity, especially those who work harder are more likely to gain weight.

The survey found that the harder you work, the more likely you are to gain weight. The main reason is that you are busy with work and have no time to exercise, and 73% of workplaces have no fitness facilities.

Relying on e-mails and the internet to communicate with colleagues in the workplace, and being too lazy to go to other colleagues' offices to discuss business affairs is the reason for gaining weight. In addition, often eating lunch outside, is the main reason for gaining weight.

Michael Tell suggested that employees should use the noon break, exercise in the gym, or simply have their own healthy lunch, then go for a walk, which is good for the body and can control weight.

The survey also found that when employees face stress, they often use snacks to solve them, but snacks are the biggest killer of fattening. Experts suggest that it is best to put a bottle of water on the table at work and take it at any time to replace the bad habit of snacking, which is a good way to control weight.

Third, after abortion

Some surveys show that 30% -40% of women gain an average of 5-7 kg in weight after having an abortion. This kind of obesity is the same as normal postpartum obesity. After the hormone levels in the body return to normal, the excess fat will be naturally reduced without special weight loss.

Generally speaking, there are three reasons for weight gain after induced abortion:

1. Abortion suddenly interrupts the normal pregnancy, and the endocrine balance required to maintain the normal development of the fetus is completely disrupted, causing obesity.

2. Induced imbalance in the function of the lower thalamus after induced abortion, which directly affects fat metabolism, causing short-term turnover failure of subcutaneous fat, resulting in "backlog".

3. New changes in hypothalamic function will also interfere with the balance of sex hormones in the body, especially the most obvious effect on gonadotropins, which is manifested by an increase in carcass.

As for the blessings after induced abortion, as long as you exercise appropriately and match with a reasonable normal diet, you will naturally calm down this special stage of blessings.

After healed

At the beginning of a major illness, there is a natural healing process. At this time, appetite often soars. People who have poor sleep in the past often lie in bed. Non-major wasting diseases, such as trauma, birth control surgery, appendectomy, hysterectomy, ovarian resection and other post-operative conditions, if you keep for too long, eat too much, and exercise too little, your body will become full.

In fact, eating well and resting are just the basic conditions for rehabilitation. They are by no means the only condition. The positive effect of exercise on rehabilitation must not be ignored, and it is also an effective way to prevent obesity after illness. After the illness, when the appetite is extremely strong, you should pay attention to controlling your diet.

Five, middle age

According to statistics, 15% of people get fat before 15 years old; 14% of people get fat from 15-19 years old; 18% of people get fat from 20-29 years old; 33.8% of people get fat from 30-39 years old; 40- At age 49, 28.1% were obese; at age 50-59, 56% were obese; people over 60 rarely became obese.

From the above series of figures, it is not difficult to find that people are most likely to get well into middle age. What is the reason?

Physiological aspect

Between the ages of 30 and 35, the functions of various organs begin to decline, such as the function of the heart and the function of the respiratory system, and the metabolism of the corresponding organs naturally declines, and the calorie consumption will decrease accordingly. As a result, the accumulated fat will Live very accurately in the abdomen, buttocks and thighs.

2. Sports

In middle-aged people, due to psychological and practical reasons, mental and physical labor is reduced, calorie consumption is reduced, and outings and sports are reduced, so that extra calories are converted into fat.

3. Spiritual aspect

After reaching middle age, all aspects, including the status of the business family, tend to be stable and calm, and many people will know how to live with their lives. They will naturally move around and become fat. These are caused by the action of the spirit on the nerve and the nerve on the endocrine system.

Experts from Michael Tyre remind that in addition to the above-mentioned stages, people can cause obesity when they are frustrated and proud, but as long as they calmly set their minds, eat properly and reasonably, and pay attention to exercise, they will stay away from obesity.

Obesity obesity type

Simple obesity

Simple obesity is divided into two types:

Constitutional obesity

Reason: Congenital. The metabolism of substances in the body is slow, and the rate of substance synthesis is faster than the rate of decomposition.

Phenomenon: Fat cells are large and numerous and spread throughout the body.

Acquired obesity

Cause: caused by overeating. There are many sweets and greasy foods. Fat is mostly distributed in the trunk.

Pathological obesity

(Secondary obesity)

Cushing syndrome

Causes: Hyperadrenal function, excessive cortisol secretion

Phenomenon: The face, neck and body are enlarged, but the limbs are not fat.

Pancreatic

Causes: Excessive insulin secretion, reduced metabolic rate, reduced fat breakdown and increased synthesis

Phenomenon: General obesity

Decreased sexual function

Causes: Cerebral obesity, with loss of sexual function, or decreased libido.

Phenomenon: breast, lower abdomen, near obesity

Pituitary

Cause: Pituitary lesions cause excessive growth hormone secretion in the anterior pituitary

Phenomenon: Whole body bones, soft tissue, visceral tissue hyperplasia and hypertrophy.

Hypothyroidism

Cause: Hypothyroidism

Phenomenon: Obesity and myxedema

Drug-derived

Cause: Side effects of the drug, such as by corticosteroids.

Phenomenon: Obesity that appears after taking medicine for a period of time, such as some patients with allergic diseases, rheumatism, asthma.

Obesity- specific obesity

Specific obesity is mainly maternal obesity and postmenopausal obesity. Experts from Baishen said that the former is that women caused temporary hypothalamic dysfunction during pregnancy, coupled with excess nutrition during pregnancy and lactation, decreased activity, fat metabolism disorders, and weight often increased sharply, sometimes up to 90--100 In kilograms, within 1 to 2 years after birth, due to the relative decrease in nutrition and normal activities, the weight generally gradually decreases, and the body shape will gradually return to normal. Of course, some people will always stay fat. Postmenopausal obesity is due to the decline of ovarian function, estrogen's inhibition of the pituitary gland, and secondary hypothalamic and pituitary and autonomic nervous system disorders, resulting in abnormal glucose and fat metabolism, increased appetite, increased eating and obesity.

Causes of different types of obesity

Obese obese

Caused by excess liver qi, often accompanied by constipation and hypertension.

Obesity

Caused by too strong or too weak kidney function, often accompanied by irregular menstruation, cold hands and feet and other symptoms.

Fat obesity

Caused by excessive blood gas, easily lead to heart disease.

Morbid obesity

Due to insufficient blood gas and excessive spleen yang, postpartum obesity and hormonal obesity belong to this category.

Obese

Caused by the abnormality of the triple burner, it is a type of mental stress obesity.

Obese lady obesity type

(1) The belt-shaped obese fat accumulation area is mainly distributed in the back, lower abdomen, hips, buttocks and thighs. It looks like the size of patients with obese reproductive leniency syndrome.

(2) Macrotrochanteric obese fat is mainly distributed in the femoral trochanter area and the breast, abdomen, and genitals. Obesity after menopause is mostly this type.

(3) The lower extremity obese fat storage area ranges from the hips to the ankles, and is sometimes limited to the legs and ankles. If progressive lipodystrophy occurs, the lower body is extremely obese and the upper body is extremely thin.

(4) Upper limb obesity fat storage is mainly in the back, buttocks, breasts, neck, face area, adrenal cortex growth, tumors and pituitary basophilic tumor (Cushing's disease) are of this type.

(5) Hip obesity Fat mainly accumulates on hips, forming hips that are especially hypertrophy, which is a characteristic of some nationalities and belongs to a genetic disease. Some breasts accumulate fat deposits and form huge breast hypertrophy.

Stages of obesity in obese women

After all, it is caused by spleen and stomach dysfunction. Abbreviation: Spleen Deficiency.

Causes of Spleen Deficiency:

1. Excessive ease.

2. Over thinking.

3, liver qi depression (angry).

4, cold cold injury spleen (irregular diet).

5, caused by kidney yang deficiency (transportation of the spleen must be based on the warmth of kidney yang).

The function of the spleen: Yunhua Shuigu and Yunhua water (already described above), which control the function of blood, its presence in the face, and its fluid in saliva.

The spleen's transport function: the role of transport water valley and transport water.

1. The role of Yunhua Mizutani: to digest the food eaten, so that the subtle (essence) of Mizutani is transported to the whole body through the function of ascending the spleen and stomach.

2, the role of transporting water: transport the drink to the whole body, through the lungs through the water channel function, the warming effect of kidney yang, the bladder gasification function biochemically converted to urine to exclude the body.

Reasons for easy weight gain: When the function of the spleen and stomach is weakened, and the inability to transport water to the whole body will cause the fine accumulation of water and valleys, and obesity will occur. Water and water will be more difficult to transport than water and valleys, which will easily increase the burden on the spleen and stomach.

The function of the spleen to take blood: to take the blood in the blood vessels to prevent the loss of blood. When the spleen is weak and the blood is not fixed, bruises (blue skin for no reason) and bleeding gums will occur.

Symptoms of deficiency of the spleen: weak limbs, weak food, lack of stool, dry before and after, thin stools, frequent or constipation, dysfunction (what you eat and what you pull), blue skin (bridging), bleeding gums Wait.

Face to face: Chinese people's normal skin is pale yellow, generally looking rosy and shiny, and pathological conditions: If their face is too yellow, it belongs to spleen deficiency.

The saliva is saliva. It means that saliva is thinner than saliva, and saliva is often seen in the past, which is what I am talking about now. A small amount of saliva is normal, too much is spleen deficiency.

Spleen deficiency and ascension leads to symptoms of sagging in the middle stage: sagging of the breast, stomach, kidney, uterus, rectum, etc., anal sags during stool, less gas, lazyness, weakness, unexplained muscle twitching, etc.

Not finished, please pay attention to check

The impact of obesity on women's health

Endocrine disorders: Obese women are prone to endocrine disorders and make them fat, so that there are too many fat cells inside and outside the uterus and it is difficult to conceive (sperm and eggs are not easy to implant)

Cancer: Obese women are more likely to get tumors in the endometrium, gallbladder, cervix, ovaries, and breasts.

Skin disease: Obese people often suffer from eczema, which often occurs in skin wrinkles such as the head, armpits, genitals, and interfemoral areas, causing red and itchy eczema. And often appear in the waist, thighs and other lines of pregnancy-like lines, known as fat lines, is due to rapid growth of dermal tissue rupture. In addition, due to cardiac hypertrophy, venous blood flow is slowed and blocked, which can easily lead to varicose veins.

Diabetes: Obesity will cause excessive secretion of insulin in the blood. The more severe the obese, the higher the insulin concentration on fasting, and the insulin secretion cannot be relatively increased after eating, so the phenomenon of elevated blood glucose is formed. And experiments have found that obese people have less insulin receptors in their cells or are prone to problems when receiving insulin, so obese people will increase the risk of diabetes. If you lose weight, it will improve the abnormal blood sugar.

Hypertension: Excessive secretion of insulin and decreased insulin action are the causes of hypertension, and high concentrations of insulin will promote the formation of high blood by strengthening the recovery of sodium ions and the frequency of sympathetic nerves. In case of weight loss, blood pressure usually decreases due to reduced systemic blood flow, stroke volume, and sympathetic effects.

Cardiovascular disease: Most obese people have high blood fat concentration, so they are prone to vascular embolism, which accelerates the atherosclerotic changes of blood vessels, which can easily cause coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease ... And other diseases. Studies have also shown that if you maintain your ideal weight, you can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease, congestive heart failure, and cerebral embolism.

Joint diseases: Because the weight of the bones and joints of the obese people is greater, it is easier to age and damage the joints to obtain osteoarthritis.

Dyslipidemia: High blood lipids can affect the rate at which the body carries cholesterol to the liver, and are a risk factor for increased heart disease.

Gallbladder and Pancreatic Diseases: Obese people have excess fat in their bodies, resulting in increased cholesterol synthesis, making the bile cholesterol in a supersaturated state, which is conducive to the formation of cholesterol stones.

Respiratory dysfunction (asthma): Obesity causes thickening of chest wall and abdominal cavity fat, which reduces lung capacity and vital capacity and affects the normal ventilation function of the lungs. And because of insufficient ventilation, it may cause erythrocytosis and vascular embolism. In severe cases, pulmonary hypertension, enlarged heart, and infarcted heart failure may occur. Because of the accumulation of fat, it may also affect the movement of cilia in the trachea, preventing it from functioning properly.

Myth of obesity and weight loss

1. The misunderstanding of weight loss. 80.7% of people use weight loss products to maintain a good shape, and only 19.3% of people use it to make their bodies healthier.

2. Many people want immediate results within one or two months. If they can't reduce it, they will immediately replace other products. In fact, losing weight quickly in a short period of time is not good for health.

3. Regardless of the three or seventy-one, as long as it is reduced in a short period of time, blindly use it without understanding the mechanism of weight loss products.

4. Focus only on weight loss, not safety. The criterion for judging the weight of a weight loss product is how much it can be reduced at a time. Only 4% of people mention safety issues. It is often overlooked to take natural and healthy weight-loss foods. Experts point out that weight loss must first consider safety. Weight loss is only meaningful if safety is guaranteed.

Obesity caused by obese food

Causes of obesity: the misunderstanding of obesity. Although many people use diet as their preferred method of weight loss, they often have little effect. The reason is that some foods in the supermarket that seem to be able to lose weight are actually the biggest nemesis in losing weight.

Excess protein. Protein is also an energy-producing substance. If you eat too much, your energy will exceed the body's requirements, and what you store is fat. Protein-containing foods are mostly meat, eggs, milk, soybeans, grains, vegetables and fruits also have a small amount of protein. Protein-rich foods (meat, eggs, milk, soy) are high in fat. These foods eat more fat as they eat more.

Eat more processed sugar. 1 gram of artificial carbohydrate or 1 gram of protein only produces 4 kcal of calories, and 1 gram of fat can produce 9 kcal of calories, so eating more fat is equivalent to eating more carbohydrates or protein. Vegetable oil contains more fat than fat of the same weight, because fat contains water, protein, and fibrous tissue in addition to fat. Some people say, "I do nt eat fat, I only eat vegetarian oil to avoid obesity." It is actually a misunderstanding. Almost half of the ingredients of hard fruit foods such as sunflower seeds, peanuts, walnuts, pine nuts, hazelnuts, and summer fruits are fat. . Carbohydrate-containing foods include grains, beans, milk, fruits, dried fruits, and vegetables. In the past, when the standard of living was low, the side food was poor. It is common for people to eat four or two staple foods per meal. Now the living standard has improved, and the side food is good. The main food is overdose when the food is still four or two.

Eat too much "oil". Saturated fat is a taboo for weight loss, and in order to prevent getting fat, you should eat less high-fat foods. Vegetable oil and animal oil are both fat. Vegetable oil is pure fat. Fat is the main component of fat. Fat is also found in lean meat, viscera, eggs, milk, soy products, and certain vegetables.

Snacks + Desserts. Some people like to eat snacks and drink sweet drinks, especially if they feel boring or eat too much snacks while watching TV. Almost all snacks have carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Eating snacks is equivalent to eating energy, and some snacks have high energy. For example, hard fruit foods contain more oil, bananas, pistachios, cashews, potato chips, puffed foods contain more starch, and candy, dried fruits, preserved fruits, and sweet drinks have more sugar. Beef jerky and fish fillet contain a lot of protein, and the energy produced cannot be consumed, so it will be stored in the form of fat.

Drink too much. Alcohol is a high-calorie beverage. One gram of alcohol can produce 7 kilocalories, second only to the calories produced by fat. Although the alcohol content in beer is only about 3%, there is still 11% sugar content, and drinking beer The amount is much larger. A bottle of beer produces the same amount of calories as 100 grams of food. Drinking too much alcohol is equivalent to eating a lot of food, and the excess energy is stored in the form of fat.

Lack of exercise. Prolonged inactivity can cause fat to build up and cause local obesity.

Obesity weight loss method

Enema weight loss method: Although the enema weight loss method can remove the waste accumulated in the intestine to achieve the purpose of flattening the lower abdomen, if it is improperly or repeatedly performed, it may damage health. If you frequently enema for weight loss, it will break the normal rhythm of intestinal function and cause chronic diseases of the digestive organs. Therefore, you need to consult your doctor in detail before proceeding carefully.

Osmotic weight loss method: apply salt, yellow vinegar and alkaline soap to the whole body for massage. The accumulated moisture under the skin will be discharged out of the body through the principle of osmotic pressure, which will cause the body's skin to temporarily tighten up. The fat, which is the root cause of obesity, is not broken down. What is lost is only the water in the body.

Sauna weight loss method: After the sauna, the body will emit a lot of sweat and temporarily lose weight. In fact, it is the same as the result of osmotic weight loss method, except that the body water is discharged. And the longer the sauna, the more susceptible the skin is to perspiration and contraction damage, leading to faster relaxation and aging.

Milk powder weight loss method: The legend of the milk powder contains sufficient nutrition, especially infant milk powder, with low fat content, which can not only supplement the body's needs, but also reduce food intake, so it can achieve the purpose of weight loss. In fact, the nutrition and calories in milk powder are not sufficient, and they can never replace meals. In addition, drinking milk powder for a long time will cause abdominal pain, and in severe cases, it will hurt gastrointestinal function.

Rope skipping method: skipping is good for body and mind. In terms of amount of exercise, continuous rope skipping for 10 minutes is almost the same as jogging for 30 minutes or fitness dancing for 20 minutes. It can be described as a kind of strength training that consumes less time and energy. Rope skipping can promote blood circulation, protect the heart, and increase lung capacity; it can also improve the development of adolescents, strengthen physical fitness, develop intelligence, and be beneficial to physical and mental health. Get up early in the morning with sleepy eyes. If you skip the skipping rope first, you will be sober and energetic; skipping the rope at night will make you sleep well. Rope skipping also has the effect of losing weight. According to research, obese people can reduce appetite by skipping rope before meals. Long-term adherence to rope skipping can train people in bouncing, speed, balance, endurance, and explosive power, and can also cultivate accuracy, flexibility, and coordination. For example, among retired elderly people and unit colleagues, multiple people can often skip ropes, which can encourage each other and increase the fun. In emotional exchanges, it also trains people's stubborn will and progressive spirit. Especially young people at work, they will have a further understanding of the spirit of teamwork and mutual help. Some people cannot jump rope often because of conditions and time. They can also perform self-exercise by separating their legs and taking off gently. Pay attention to the front of the foot when landing, the big toe as far as possible down, do not touch the ground with the heel or full palm, so as not to cause foot injuries. Master the intensity and time. Rope skipping time varies from person to person. The secretary general reminded that if it is a continuous fast-paced skip rope, it is best not to exceed 10 minutes, otherwise the heart will be overwhelmed. If you are jumping for a while, take a break for 30 minutes. The specific amount of exercise depends on the individual's physical strength and amount of need. Don't force yourself to meet any standards. Rope skipping is an outdoor activity with a large amount of exercise. Be sure to prepare all parts of the body before practicing, especially the ankles, wrists, shoulders, and elbows. Slow at the beginning, as the persistence time increases, you can gradually increase the speed of skipping rope. Slow speed is maintained at an average of 60-70 times per minute; faster speed is maintained at an average of 140-160 times per minute. It is inevitable to sweat in the outdoor skipping rope in winter, and when you stop, you should wear a coat in time. Skipping rope

Just a game for children and a great way to get fit. Fitness enthusiasts can participate in the group according to their own schedule and exercise time, and experience the fun of many people skipping ropes.

Pu'er tea weight loss method: Pu'er tea is a natural weight-loss beverage. According to research data, due to the unique fermentation process when Pu'er tea is made, the fungus in the enzyme contains trace lipolytic enzymes, which has significant effects on fat decomposition. efficacy. Therefore, Pu'er tea can inhibit body weight and reduce cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. In addition, regular drinking Pu'er tea or herbal flexo tea can have physiological effects such as relaxing the blood vessels in the human body and balancing blood flow in the brain. Therefore, Pu'er tea can also prevent diseases of the elderly and hypertension and arteriosclerosis, especially for absorption. Fat around the abdominal viscera has a significant effect. Method: Drink a cup of Pu'er tea on an empty stomach every morning, and drink Pu'er tea after breakfast, lunch, and dinner instead of other beverages. But use still varies from person to person.

Herbs for obesity treatment

The weight-loss prescription is derived from plants and does not contain medicinal ingredients. Green and healthy weight loss: The main ingredients are: green tea polyphenols, guanana, seaweed, chitin, hawthorn, evening primrose and so on. Can cause the body to lose weight in a relatively healthy situation.

Herbal flex fibers : Extracts from specific plants . Complex chemical reactions produce active enzymes that can convert fat, can emulsify and decompose fat, contain no pharmaceutical ingredients, and are obviously obese to fat types.

Seaweed : bitter and salty cold, enter the liver, stomach, kidney meridian, especially good for expectorant phlegm, soft and firm, and good water. "Diet Materia Medica" also said: thin people, can not be served. Seaweed has the function of lowering blood lipids. The mixture made of alginic acid and amphetamine, which is an equivalent molecule, is an appetite suppressant, which can reduce obesity without causing insomnia.

Kelp : salty and cold in nature, classified into the liver, stomach, and kidney meridians. 1.5 kg of kelp can achieve the ideal weight loss effect. Moreover, if iodine deficiency also causes insufficient thyroid secretion, which reduces the body's basal metabolic rate, severe iodine deficiency can cause low levels of energy output and induce obesity. Obesity caused by depression has a better effect.

Chidoudou : It has a sweet and sour taste, and enters the spleen, heart, and small intestine, and has good diuretic, swelling and detoxification effects. Tao Hongjing said: Sexuality is a boring thing. "Therapeutic Materia Medica" also said: "Long-term diet for thin people." The application of red beans to lose weight is particularly effective for obesity accompanied by edema.

Green tea polyphenols: Green tea polyphenols play an important role in human fat metabolism. The human body has a high content of cholesterol, triglycerides, etc., fat deposits on the inner wall of blood vessels, and vascular plaques such as atheromatous plaques are formed after the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. The significant antioxidant activity of green polyphenols can reduce the level of lipid peroxide (lpo) and malondialdehyde (mda) complexes, thereby reducing the damage of vascular endothelial cells by oxygen free radicals and lpo.

Guanana: A selection of vibrant fruits along the Amazon River-Guanana Paulliniacupana. Seeds. Can gradually and slowly stimulate nerves

The duration is long, and the stimulation is relatively mild, and it is not harmful to the human body, while products from other sources usually have fast effects but short duration. Due to its strong tropical regional flavor, Guarana is widely used in the food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries and has a wide consumer population. Efficacy: 1. Enhance vitality 2. Inhibit appetite 3. Anti-fatigue 4. Improve immunity.

Chitin: Chitin (a source of animal carbohydrates) as a functional health food. In 1991, it was hailed by the European and American academic circles as the sixth life element after protein, fat, sugars, vitamins and inorganic salts. It is completely different from general nutrition and health products, and has five major functions for the human body: immune strengthening function, inhibiting aging, preventing diseases, promoting the healing of diseases and regulating the physiological functions of the human body. The physiological effect of chitin on the human body mainly depends on the effect of chitosamine. According to literature reports, the preventive and health effects of the disease are briefly described as follows: 1. Prevents fat absorption. Because chitosan is a positively charged cationic compound, it aggregates around negatively charged lipid droplets in the body, forming a barrier to hinder absorption, and it can also combine with bile acids to affect lipid emulsification and reduce absorption. 2. Absorb harmful substances in the body and exclude them from the outside. With the advancement of science and technology, it also brings a lot of public hazards, leading to strange diseases in humans. Among them, the most widely known pollution of heavy metals is cadmium poisoning, mercury poisoning, lead poisoning, etc. "Chitin" has the function of adsorbing and excreting heavy metals. As a functional health food, "chitosan" exerts its natural healing ability through the regulation of physiological rhythms, strengthening the body's immune mechanism, and activating cells, so its magical effect is not difficult to understand.

Hawthorn: can quench the diet. If there is no food in the stomach, the spleen deficiency cannot be transported. If you don't think about eating, take it more. "Ben Cao Jing Shu": Hawthorn, "Ben Jing" Yunwei acid cold, but watch it can digest food product, stasis blood, then Qi is not cold. If there is accumulated stagnation, it will become diarrhea, and postpartum lochia is endless. Hawthorn can enter the spleen and stomach to eliminate product stagnation, scattered blood, so it can also cure leeches and maternal abdominal pain. It's probably better than eating a diet, strengthening the spleen and stomach, nourishing qi, and removing blood stasis, so it should be eaten by babies and children. "The Book" is mistakenly cold, so it is used for washing sore and itching.

Evening primrose: Evening primrose oil seeds contain 20-30% oil, 70% of the oil is linoleic acid, and 8-9% is -linolenic acid necessary for the human body. Evening primrose oil can treat a variety of diseases, regulate blood lipids, have significant effects on coronary artery infarction, atherosclerosis and cerebral thrombosis caused by hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia, and can also treat various sclerosis and diabetes , Obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, and schizophrenia. It has also been found in the laboratory to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Clinically, the use of evening primrose oil can prevent cardiovascular obstruction and lower cholesterol, and make special drugs for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. Evening primrose is also a good material for arranging flower beds. The flower of primrose can extract the essence extract.

Obesity Diet Weight Loss Principles

The key to proper nutrition is "moderate", which is mainly achieved through a balanced diet. A balanced diet refers to the nutrients contained in the diet, which are complete in variety, sufficient in quantity, and appropriate in proportion. Specific requirements are as follows:

(1) Diversified food, mainly grain

A balanced diet must consist of multiple foods, and a wide range of foods is encouraged. A variety of foods include five categories: cereals and potatoes; animal foods; legumes and their products; vegetables and fruits; pure thermal foods.

(2) Control the amount of food, do not eat more vegetables, fruits and potatoes

A meal rich in vegetables, fruits and potatoes. These foods are eaten too much and they also get fat.

(3) Eat legumes and their products often

It is rich in protein and vitamins, has high calcium content and high utilization rate.

(4) Eating regular amounts of fish, poultry, eggs, lean meat and less fatty meat and emu oil ^[1]

Obese fat diet

Introduction to obesity

Generally speaking, obese people have a better appetite and also like to eat meat. Therefore, when eating, fat people want to eat meat and are afraid of eating meat, and worry that eating meat will make the body fatter. In fact, fat people can also eat some meat appropriately, the following types of meat are more suitable for fat people. ^[2]

Fat chicken

Each hundred grams of chicken meat contains 23,3 grams of protein, while the fat content is only 1, 2 grams, which is much lower than various animal meats. Therefore, proper eating of chicken is not only good for your health, it will not cause obesity. ^[2]

Fat rabbit meat

The composition of rabbit meat is different from that of ordinary animal meat, which is characterized by more protein. Each hundred grams of rabbit meat contains 21,5 grams of protein and less fat, only 0,4 grams per hundred grams. Rabbit meat is also rich in lecithin and contains less cholesterol, so it is an ideal meat for fat people. ^[2]

Fat beef

The nutritional value of beef is second only to rabbit meat, and it is also suitable for fat people. Each hundred grams of beef contains more than 20 grams of protein, beef protein contains more essential amino acids, and contains lower fat and cholesterol. Therefore, beef is particularly suitable for people with obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and diabetes. ^[2]

Fat lean pork

Lean pork contains higher protein, up to 29 grams per 100 grams. The fat content of lean pork is 6 grams per 100 grams, but after cooking, the fat content will decrease. ^[2]

Fat fish

Generally, the fat of livestock meat is mostly saturated fatty acid, but the fat of fish contains a variety of unsaturated fatty acids, which has a good cholesterol-lowering effect. Therefore, it is better for fat people to eat fish, which can prevent obesity and prevent the occurrence of arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease. ^[2]

Obesity complications

1. Obesity with abnormal glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Obesity can cause abnormal glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Obesity is closely related to the incidence of type 2 diabetes. 70% to 80% of people with diabetes over the age of 40 have been obese before they became ill.

2. Obesity with hyperlipidemia. Obesity is often associated with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, etc., and becomes the main cause of arteriosclerosis. Recently, more and more studies suggest that fat distribution in obese people, especially visceral obesity, is significantly related to the above-mentioned comorbidities.

3. Obesity with hypertension. Obesity has a high prevalence of hypertension. Obesity is a risk factor for hypertension. Hypertension can cause obesity. The results of most epidemiological surveys show that the prevalence of hypertension is high in obese people. Obesity increases circulating plasma and cardiac output, and increases heart rate. Hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy occurs due to persistently increased excitability of the sympathetic nerve and increased sodium reabsorption, which leads to hypertension, which in turn causes increased peripheral vascular resistance.

4. Obesity with cardiac hypertrophy and ischemic heart disease. Obesity often coexists with diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance, and these diseases are closely related to the occurrence of arteriosclerotic diseases. In obese people, abnormally increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure can sometimes lead to cardiac hypertrophy. Myocardial ischemia due to cardiac hypertrophy often exacerbates diastolic dysfunction.

5. Obesity with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Obese people are three times more likely to develop obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) than non-obese people, and about 50% of adult obese men are likely to develop OSAS.

The clinical manifestations of OSAS include obesity, short neck, small jaw, hypertrophy of the tongue, loud and uneven snoring, sleep apnea during sleep, abnormal movements during sleep, lethargy during the day, headache and dizziness in the morning, decreased memory, and male sex. Hypofunction, enuresis, etc., can cause organ dysfunction in various systems of the body over a long period of time. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical manifestations, polysomnography (PSG), pulmonary function tests, endocrine measurements, and upper respiratory tract imaging studies. Among them, the characteristic manifestation of PSG is that the nasal airflow is stopped and the chest and abdomen breathing movement is still present; the pulmonary function test is the inspiratory phase and / or expiratory phase of the maximum expiratory flow-volume curve into a zigzag flutter wave; Examination may have abnormal functions of endocrine organs such as the pituitary gland and thyroid gland. Imaging examination of the upper respiratory tract shows changes in the upper airway stenosis or deformity. Treatment includes:

Eliminate incentives: stop drinking, avoid sedatives, and change the supine position to the lateral position.

Weight loss therapy: At present, there is no weight loss medicine with affirmative effect and small side effects, and the effect of weight loss therapy is unstable and sometimes rebounds. It can only be used as an auxiliary treatment method of OSAS; the main weight loss measures are diet therapy, drug therapy, exercise therapy, etc. .

Tracheotomy: It can effectively remove the obstruction of the upper airway, but due to the many surgical complications, it cannot be repeatedly performed and the effective treatment method of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is currently used only for the condition Those with severe sputum cannot cough out.

Saphenous soft palate angioplasty: the effective rate is about 50%. Some patients do not improve after surgery, but due to the reduction of snoring, it is mistakenly considered effective and should be paid attention to.

Treatment of nasal diseases: Surgery or laser can be used to treat nasal diseases and keep the nasal cavity unobstructed.

nCPAP: It is the main measure for treating OSAS, with an effective rate of more than 90%. The newly developed and developed intelligent continuous positive airway pressure ventilator and bilevel positive airway pressure ventilator have better efficacy and patient compliance. General nCPAP ventilator, but the price is more expensive.

Others: treatment of abnormalities in the mouth and tongue. ^[3]

Obesity Book "Obesity"

Basic information on obesity

Publisher: Chemical Industry Press; 1st Edition (January 1, 2009) Series Title: Nutritional Hygienist on Disease Prevention

Paperback: 263 pages

Body language: Chinese

Folio: 32

Introduction to obesity

The author of "Obesity" is a nutrition and health expert who has been in the industry for many years. In response to the concerns of the majority of obese friends, he made an in-depth introduction to the occurrence, development, prevention and treatment of obesity. Reasonable weight loss misunderstanding. According to the latest "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents", "Obesity" introduces in detail the different types of obesity and the dietary treatment of its complications, and introduces some reference recipes, as well as some knowledge about how obese friends can guarantee a healthy life, so that Friends enjoy the personal service of a nutrition hygienist.

"Obesity" also provides useful guidance and recommendations for family members of patients, and at the same time, "Obesity" is also suitable for nutritional hygienists to read.

Obesity Book Catalog

Chapter 1 Introduction

What is obesity 001

1.The epidemic of obesity 002

2.What is obesity 005

3.How to calculate the standard weight 006

How to determine if you are obese 009

1. Judging the degree of obesity-BMI009

2.Waist circumference 011

Screening for overweight and obesity in children and adolescents 014

Causes of obesity 015

1. Genetic factors 016

2.Neuroendocrine factors 017

3.Imbalanced diet 018

4. Lack of exercise and irregular life 019

5.Other reasons 020

Classification of obesity 022

1. Central and peripheral obesity 022

2. Primary obesity and secondary obesity 023

Chapter 2 Obesity and Diet 29

The relationship between obesity and diet 029

1. Nutritional factors during pregnancy 029

2. Artificial feeding and supplementary food supplement 030

3.Food intake 030

4, eating habits 031

5.Diet structure 032

Second, a balanced diet 035

1.Meal Mode 035

2.Guide to a balanced diet for Chinese residents 036

3. Chinese residents balanced diet pagoda 041

Three, obesity diet treatment 042

1. Overview of Diet Treatment for Obesity 042

2. Children and adolescents obesity and dietary treatment principles 047

3. Pregnant and nursing mothers obesity and diet treatment principles 049

4. Principles of obesity and diet therapy for middle-aged and elderly people 051

Chapter 3 Nutrients and Food Related to Obesity 53

I. Overview of nutrients and food ingredients related to obesity 053

1.Dietary fiber 054

Protein 056

3.Vitamin 056

4.Fat 057

5. Phytochemicals 059

Ingredients and effects of common vegetables 061

1.lettuce 062

Tomato 064

3.Melon 065

4.Celery 067

5.Vigna 068

6.Alfalfa 070

7, bitter gourd 072

Ingredients and effects of common fruits073

1.Apple 075

2.Jujube 078

3.Grape 080

4.Banana 082

Fourth, the composition and efficacy of common carbohydrate foods 084

1.Wheat flour 087

2.Rice 088

3.Coarse grain 090

V. Ingredients and Effects of Common Poultry Foods 094

Chicken 096

2.Duck 099

3.Goose 101

Chapter 4 Reference Recipes for Obesity Prevention 103

I. Nutrition catering and recipe preparation 103

1.The concept of nutritional catering 103

2.Principles of formulating nutritional recipes 104

Reference recipes for preventing obesity 111

1.Precautions for preventing obesity

Reference Recipe 113

Reference recipes for mild obesity 118

1. Diet principles for patients with mild obesity 118

Reference Recipe 121

Reference recipes for severe obesity 127

1. Diet principles for severely obese patients 127

Reference Recipe 129

V. Reference recipes for elderly obesity 137

1. Diet Principles for Elderly Obese People 137

Reference Recipe 140

Reference recipes for adolescent obesity 144

1. Diet Principles for Obese Adolescents 144

Reference Recipe 148

Seven, pregnancy obesity reference recipes 152

1. Dietary principles for pregnant obese patients 152

Reference Recipe 156

Chapter 5 Obesity Complications and Diet Therapy 162

I. Complications of Obesity

1.Diabetes 162

Hypertension 164

3.Dyslipidemia 165

4, coronary heart disease 166

5. Fatty liver 167

6.Stroke 168

Gout 169

Cataract 169

9.Other 170

Diet recommendations for obesity complications 172

1. Obesity with diabetes 172

2. Obesity combined with hypertension 178

3. Obesity with dyslipidemia 182

4. Obesity with coronary heart disease 186

5. Obesity with fatty liver 189

6.Obesity with stroke 192

7. Obesity combined with gout 194

Chapter VI Healthy Life of Obese Friends 199

I. Obesity in children and adolescents 199

1.Etiology of obesity in children and adolescents 199

2. The impact of obesity on children and adolescents 201

3. Prevention and treatment of obesity in children and adolescents 202

4.Health education for children and adolescents 205

Obesity during pregnancy 207

Third, daily guide for obese friends 215

1.Diet 215

Sports 217

Dress code 219

4, sleeping position 221

5.Psychological problems 222

6.Health check 223

7, other aspects 223

How self-monitoring for obese patients226

Fifth, how to care for obese patients at home 235

1. Prohibited or restricted foods for obese patients 235

2, suitable food for obese patients 236

3. Assist in developing good habits 237

4.Psychological nursing 238

5.Supervision of sports 239

6.Intensive care for obesity complications 240

6. Obese patients and alcohol and tobacco 242

1.Smoking and Obesity

Drinking and Obesity 248

Seven, obese patients need to maintain mental health 251

Eight, precautions for obese patients 255

1. Obese patients with diabetes 256

2. Obese patients with hypertension 257

3. Obese patients with coronary heart disease 259

4, obese patients with stroke 261

5, obese patients with gout 262