What is inherited?

Inherited properties are any element of make -up of the organism that one or both of his parents passed on to him. For example, the eye color is inherited, with the color of the eyes in parents affecting the color of the child's eyes. Inherited features are handed over from parents to descendants by genetic transmission in which the child receives some of their genes from each parent.

Physical features are the expression of genes that determine how the body is formed. A specific instance of a particular gene is called an allele. For example, in the case of eye color, the gene has several alleles, such as the brown eyes and allele for blue eyes. Not all alleles have unique expressions. It is possible for several alleles to create the same result in the physical form of the body or phenotype.

In simple inheritance, alleles are either dominant or recessive. In the case of eye color, the allele for brown eyes is dominant, while the allele for blue eyes is recessive. The performance allele is contained in the genetic code of the body, but is not expressed in its phenotype. If one ofParents pass the dominant allele, such as the brown eyes allele, the child shows the inherited property associated with the dominant allele. Only if both parents pass on a recessive allele, will the child have a recessive feature of blue eyes, perhaps not what the parents will not understand.

Some common human inherited features are controlled by a single gene, including split goals, separate lobes, widow peaks and the ability to overturn the tongue. Most features are much more complicated than this, but are checked by a combination of alleles. The inherited property usually comes from the interaction of several genes. Characters of this type are called polygenic features.

Not all physical properties are inherited. Many of them result from the interaction between the genotype of the AA of its environment. For example, the presence of a pigment called melanin determines the color of the individual's skin. Genetics affects the level of melanin that the body produces, andLE also plays other factors, including exposure to sunlight. The brand, which results from the interaction with the environment, is called the acquired feature, unlike inherited properties.

French scientist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck from the 18th century assumed that the acquired features could be inherited by subsequent generations. According to this theory, the changes obtained throughout the life of the body could be transferred to his young people. For example, an individual who built muscles by repeated exercise would have more likely to have strong children. This theory is now known as incorrect; The changes gained during life, except mutation, affect the phenotype, but not the genotype and are not passed on to the young.