What Is Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis bacteria cause people with tuberculosis through respiratory infections, and can also be spread from lung lesions to the various organs of the body through the blood or lymphatic system. Tuberculosis that occurs in areas other than the lungs is called extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The common types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are the following: lymphatic tuberculosis (commonly known as " " is the most common extrapulmonary tuberculosis), tuberculous meningitis, tuberculous peritonitis, intestinal tuberculosis (commonly known as "five more diarrhea"), renal tuberculosis, epididymal tuberculosis , Female reproductive tuberculosis (including fallopian tubes, endometrium, ovarian tuberculosis), bone and joint tuberculosis, etc.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis refers to tuberculosis caused by tuberculosis through respiratory infections. It can also be spread to the various organs of the human body by lung lesions through the blood or lymphatic system. Tuberculosis occurs in various parts of the lungs. At present, significant progress has been made in the clinical treatment of common extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In particular, the progress of chemotherapy has saved many patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis who need surgical treatment from surgical pain. At the same time, improved surgical methods and strong chemotherapy after surgery have improved the effectiveness and safety of surgery and reduced postoperative recurrence. Although extrapulmonary tuberculosis is generally not contagious, it can cause pain and serious harm to people. Attention should also be paid to early detection and adherence to rational chemotherapy throughout the process.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Tuberculosis bacteria cause people with tuberculosis through respiratory infections, and can also be spread from lung lesions to the various organs of the body through the blood or lymphatic system. Tuberculosis that occurs in areas other than the lungs is called extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The common types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are the following: lymphatic tuberculosis (commonly known as " " is the most common extrapulmonary tuberculosis), tuberculous meningitis, tuberculous peritonitis, intestinal tuberculosis (commonly known as "five more diarrhea"), renal tuberculosis, and epididymal tuberculosis , Female reproductive tuberculosis (including fallopian tubes, endometrium, ovarian tuberculosis), bone and joint tuberculosis, etc.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Literature records that all parts of the human body except the hair and nails will not be infected with tuberculosis. Tuberculosis outside the lungs is collectively called extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Common extrapulmonary tuberculosis are lymph tuberculosis, intestinal tuberculosis, bone tuberculosis, kidney tuberculosis, epididymal tuberculosis, urogenital tuberculosis tuberculosis, nervous system tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis, etc. Others include skin tuberculosis, eye tuberculosis, and ear, nose and throat tuberculosis. , Tongue tuberculosis, etc.

Lymphatic tuberculosis is the most common of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Lymphatic tuberculosis occurs in the neck most. After infection, the patient's symptoms are: occasional fatigue in the afternoon, low fever, night sweats, local lumps, compression pain, and even severe pain. Once confirmed to have lymph tuberculosis, systemic antituberculosis treatment is performed and lymph nodes are removed.

Children with extrapulmonary tuberculosis are most vulnerable to tuberculous meningitis

Among the most severe cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis, with extremely high mortality and disability, is more common in children.

Children are most susceptible to tuberculous meningitis. The symptoms are: fever, irregular low fever in the afternoon; loss of appetite, weight gain, fatigue and weakness; night sweats, restless sleep, changes in temperament and mental state; headache, nausea, vomiting, etc. Nervous system symptoms; the child has asymmetry of the face, the pupils are suddenly enlarged, the eyesight is reduced, etc. Once the child is found to have the above symptoms, he should go to the hospital immediately.

Tuberculous meningitis is easily confused with hand-foot convulsions, typhoid fever, rheumatic fever, pediatric viral meningitis, encephalitis, and brain tumors. Early differential diagnosis is very important. Examinations were performed through items such as cerebrospinal fluid, electroencephalogram, brain CT, and tuberculin test.

Early diagnosis and early treatment are very important for the treatment of tuberculous meningitis.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can be life-threatening

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis exists in many parts of the body, but the infection pathways and manifestations are different. The methods of diagnosis, examination and treatment are also different. Many patients' conditions are covered by other diseases, which is very important for early diagnosis Impact.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can be life-threatening due to delay in treatment. Therefore, when suspected symptoms appear, patients and doctors should consider the possibility of tuberculosis.

Other manifestations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Humpback may be bone tuberculosis

Most humpbacks are caused by bone tuberculosis, which accounts for 19% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Bone tuberculosis starts slowly, and can take months or 1-2 years, or even longer. Symptoms include burnout, loss of appetite, low afternoon fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Local symptoms include joint movement limitation, joint swelling, pain, and deformity. Bone tuberculosis is similar to rheumatoid arthritis.

Gynecological tuberculosis can be infertile

Gynecological tuberculosis will appear in women's endometrium, fallopian tubes, ovaries, cervix, vulva and other parts, which is an important cause of female infertility. Patients may experience symptoms such as abnormal menstruation, lower abdominal pain, increased leucorrhea, and sometimes tuberculosis.

Loss of voice may be larynx tuberculosis

Laryngeal tuberculosis is mostly secondary to tuberculosis and is caused by tuberculosis infection of the throat. Its main route of infection is that the sputum containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis stays in the larynx before coughing up, and the bacteria invade the larynx through the mucosal surface damage or mucous gland ducts.

Laryngeal tuberculosis has the symptoms of tuberculosis, but the main manifestations are: hoarseness, sore throat, and some patients have difficulty swallowing and breathing, and severe cases can cause aphasia.