What Is Respiratory Rate?

Respiratory frequency is a medical term that describes the number of breaths per minute. An ups and downs of the chest is one breath, one breath and one breath. The number of breaths per minute is called the breathing rate.

Respiration rate is the number of breaths per minute that a normal dog breathes at rest. The average adult dog's call is 10 ~ 30 times / minute, and the puppies are slightly more than the adult dogs. The dog's respiration is affected by many factors such as breed, sex, age, temperature, altitude, exercise, body function and so on, so the range of dog's respiration varies widely. The methods for measuring the number of breaths are: observing the undulating movement of the dog's chest and abdomen, and one volt is a single breath; put the back of the hand in front of the dog's nostril, and sense the exhaled airflow, and exhaling an airflow is a breath ^.

Children's normal pulse rate is generally as follows:

Fetus 140-150 beats / min;

Newborn baby 130-140 times / minute;

110-130 times / minute from one month to 1 year old;

2 years old 96-115 times / minute;

3 years old 86-105 times / minute;

7-14 years 76-90 times / minute;

The above frequency should be in a quiet state. If the child is active or participates in physical exercise, the heartbeat can be significantly accelerated.

Youth

15-21 years old 76-85 times / minute;

21--60 years old 70-75 times / minute;

67-80 times / min over 60 years of age;

It is also necessary to add that in general women's heart rate is faster than men's. Heart rate is affected by breathing rate . Heart rate affects the temperature of the recipient , which is ten times faster per degree Fahrenheit (see table below):

Heart rate 60 / min at 98F

Heart rate 70 / min at temperature 99F

Heart rate 80 / min at 100F

Heart rate 100 / min at 102F

Heart rate 120 / min at 104F

Normal adults breathe about 12-20 times per minute. ^[3] The ratio of breath to pulse is 1: 4, that is, the pulse beats 4 times for each breath. Children breathe faster than adults, reaching 20 to 30 times per minute; newborns can breathe 44 times per minute. In a normal adult resting state, breathing is 12 to 18 breaths per minute, and the ratio of breathing to pulse is 1: 4. Neonatal breathing is about 44 breaths per minute, which gradually slows down with age. The main manifestation of peripheral respiratory failure.

1. Tachypnea refers to breathing rate of more than 24 breaths per minute. Found in fever, pain, anemia, hyperthyroidism and heart failure. Generally, the body temperature increases by 1 ° C, and the breathing increases about 4 times / minute.

2. Bradypnea refers to breathing rate less than 12 times per minute. Shallow breathing is seen in anesthetic or sedative overdose and increased intracranial pressure.

3 Respiratory frequency accompanied by changes in breathing depth, shallow breathing, found in respiratory muscle paralysis, severe tympanic ascites, and obesity, as well as lung diseases such as pneumonia, pleurisy, pleural effusion and pneumothorax. Breathing fast, seen during strenuous exercise, because the body's oxygen supply needs to increase the gas exchange in the lungs. In addition, when the emotion is agitated or over-stressed, deep breathing and hyperventilation often occur. At this time, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood is reduced, which causes respiratory alkalosis. Severe cases can occur hand-foot convulsions and apnea. When severe metabolic acidosis occurs, deep and slow breathing also occurs. This is due to the lack of extracellular hydrogen carbonate, lowering the pH, CO is discharged through the lungs, and compensation is performed to adjust the extracellular acid-base balance. See diabetic ketones Poisoning and uremia acidosis, etc., this kind of deep breathing is also known as Cousmore breathing ^[2] .