What is a giant cell tumor?
A giant cell tumor is a rare, abnormal tissue growth, which is generally formed around the end of the long bone, most often knee. The tumor is called giant because it looks very large under the microscope and consists of cells with more than one core. Most of them are benign, although in rare cases they can be cancer. These cells act as osteoclasts or cells that destroy and absorb bones. If the tumor permits uncontrolled, weakens bones and can lead to fractures.
tumors usually occur because the patient goes to a doctor who complains of pain and swelling in the joint. Scanning of X -ray or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can confirm the diagnosis and detect the range of growth. Giant cell tumors usually occur in young adults and are a slightly more common Asians.
primary treatment of a giant cell tumor is to remove surgically before it can cause extensiveLoss of bone. If the bone destruction is serious, cement may be applied to the area to replace the lost tissue and strengthen the joint. The biopsy is also performed on the tumor to confirm that it is not malignant. In these rare cases, when cancer is detected, radiation is recommended as postoperative treatment.
Whenever a giant cell tumor is discovered, it is important to perform a computer tomography (CT) of the chest to make sure that the tumor has not been metastasized to the lungs. If it is caught in time, the lungs can also be treated and the prognosis for complete recovery is good. In a small percentage of cases, the tumor may reappear, usually over the first three years. It is recommended that the patient should return to regular checks for a certain period of time that the tumor does not appear.
Soft tissue of giant cells can also grow in the tendon shell or in a layer of membrane that surrounds the tendon. These tumors consist of fibrous tissues and most often occur in hands or feet. They also occur in young adults and KDYZ is much more likely to find them in women than in men. The giant cell tumor of the tendon is almost always benign and generally painless. However, if the tumor is large enough to put pressure on the nerves, this can cause the dullness of nearby numbers.
In cases where the tumor is particularly difficult to achieve surgically, it can be treated by radiation. Although this treatment is effective in destruction of a tumor, this can lead to cancer formation. As a result, this option is used moderately. After surgery, patients are often given physical therapy to strengthen and stabilize the muscles and tendons surrounding the affected joint.