What Is Molecular Immunology?
Molecular immunology is a branch of immunology. It uses modern biochemical techniques to study the structure and function of immune molecules. Since E. A. von Belling and Kita Saichiro (1890) discovered antitoxins and applied them to clinical treatment. After Bordet (1895) discovered complement and established complement-binding response, he established the concept of antigens and antibodies and experimental methods of serology. This not only greatly promotes medicine, but also leads people to further explore the physical and chemical properties of antigens, antibodies, complements, and the specific basis of antigen-antibody reactions, and gradually form the scope of immunochemical research.
Molecular immunology
(A branch of immunology)
Molecular immunology is a branch of immunology. It uses modern biochemical technology for research
Due to the development of physics, chemistry, especially biochemistry, and the continuous improvement of experimental technology,
Although immunology is a new discipline that has only been established in recent years, its development history can be traced back to a long time ago. Ancient people knew about
One,
In 1971 Engvall and Perlmann published the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Molecular immunology
Articles for the quantitative determination of IgG, which enabled the development of enzyme-labeled antibody technology for antigen localization in 1966 as a method for the determination of trace substances in liquid specimens. The basic principle of this method is: The antigen or antibody is bound to the surface of a certain solid-phase carrier and maintains its immune activity. The antigen or antibody is linked with an enzyme to form an enzyme-labeled antigen or antibody. This enzyme-labeled antigen or antibody retains both its immune activity and enzyme activity. During the measurement, the test specimen (the antibody or antigen in the test) and the enzyme-labeled antigen or antibody are reacted with the antigen or antibody on the surface of the solid phase carrier in different steps. The washing method is used to separate the antigen-antibody complex formed on the solid-phase carrier from other substances, and finally the amount of the enzyme bound to the solid-phase carrier is proportional to the amount of the test substance in the specimen. After the substrate of the enzyme reaction is added, the substrate is catalyzed by the enzyme to become a colored product. The amount of the product is directly related to the amount of the test substance in the specimen, so it can be qualitatively or quantitatively analyzed according to the depth of the color reaction. Due to the high catalytic frequency of the enzyme, the effect of the reaction can be greatly amplified, so that the method has a high sensitivity.
