What is retinoblastoma?
Retinoblastoma is a rare form of malignancy that affects the retina of the eye. Retinoblastoma, often diagnosed in children, brings a high risk of recurrence due to remission and can increase the chances of a child to develop other forms of cancer later in life. The treatment of retinoblastoma is entirely dependent on the location, staging and the size of neoplastic growth and may include administration of various therapies such as chemo, radiation and laser. Some cases of retinoblastoma may require surgery to remove the affected eye and prevent cancer metastasis throughout the body.
Depending on the cell mutation in the retina, retinoblastoma occurs when uncontrolled cell growth contributes to the formation of malignant neoplasm or tumor. There is no specified, definitive cause of rapid cell growth that leads to the development of this form of eye cancer. Some medical organizations, such as the Mayo Clinic, claimed that it can be a genetic factor that contributes to the development of some cases.
diagnThe ose retinoblastoma is often determined after administration of the eye test and imaging testing. After a complete eye test, the ophthalmologist can recommend imaging tests, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the range of malignancy and whether it becomes invasive to the surrounding tissues. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, experts can perform further testing to determine staging cancer and determine the appropriate course of treatment.
individuals who develop retinoblastoma may show physical symptoms, including eye swelling and redness and coloring of pupils. It is not uncommon for symptomatic individuals to lose the ability to control eye movements, such as sudden development of involuntary eyes. In addition, it can develop eye pain and experience expressed change in its vision.
treatment often involves administration of various drug therapies to reduce the tumor and inhibit its growth. Depending on location, size and staging neoplastickChemo and radiation therapies are generally administered as initial treatment. Chemotherapy involves administration of anti -cancer drugs and can cause side effects that include fatigue, nausea and weight loss. Radiation therapy is the use of focused beams of concentrated energy administered directly into malignant growth. The application of radiation therapy can be performed by internal or external administration and can cause side effects such as irritation at the place of administration and fatigue.
Some cases of eye cancer may require treatment beyond the traditional application of chemo and radiation therapies, such as the use of laser, Crimea or thermo-teracoláče. Each form of therapy uses a certain medium, such as extreme temperature, to remove cancer cells and inhibition of new growth. In cases where neoplastic growth is large or has become invasive for surrounding tissues, surgery may be necessary to remove the eye, which is known as enucleation as a means to prevent Mali metastasisGnity.