What Is the Connection Between Depression and Psychosis?

For the main symptoms. At first, it may appear in a short period of time as a decline in the ability to experience various emotions, a lackluster performance, and no interest in everything. Patients felt "fault" and "unsatisfactory things" in front of them, and could not get back. Looking to the future is dim and dim, the joy completely disappears, and the thought of boring the world gradually germinates. Heavy emotional depression always comes with blame, and patients feel that they have lost the ability to work and become waste or social parasites. Some have exaggerated the general shortcomings of the past into unforgivable sins, and have repeatedly asked to deal with them. Patients may refuse to eat or just eat rice due to their sinful delusions. Suicide or self-punishment can occur when emotions are extremely low.

Depression

Mental depression is a type of neurotic disorder that is prone to mental excitement and fatigue, and often has emotional distress and psychophysiological symptoms. 25% of depression patients treated in hospitals are patients with mental depression. In addition to the general symptoms of depression, mental depression also has its own characteristics, such as hallucinations.
Chinese name
Depression
Foreign name
depression
Types of
Neurotic disorder

Depression symptoms

Depression

For the main symptoms. At first, it may appear in a short period of time as a decline in the ability to experience various emotions, a lackluster performance, and no interest in everything. Patients felt "fault" and "unsatisfactory things" in front of them, and could not get back. Looking to the future is dim and dim, the joy completely disappears, and the thought of boring the world gradually germinates. Heavy emotional depression always comes with blame, and patients feel that they have lost the ability to work and become waste or social parasites. Some have exaggerated the general shortcomings of the past into unforgivable sins, and have repeatedly asked to deal with them. Patients may refuse to eat or just eat rice due to their sinful delusions. Suicide or self-punishment can occur when emotions are extremely low.

Slow thinking associations in depression

Slow speech, low voice, low volume, slow response, need to overcome huge resistance in every move. At its worst, it can be stiff. In patients with irritable depression, verbal movements are significantly increased, anxiety and fear, and self-injury are very dangerous.

Decreased depression

Slow action A few people with severe depression can remain silent and stay in bed, which is called depressive stiffness. Suicide attempts and behaviors are the most dangerous symptoms.

Physical symptoms of depression

The patient's face was old, his eyesight was stagnation, his stomach was poor, his physique decreased, sweat and saliva secretion decreased, constipation, and libido decreased. Female patients often have amenorrhea. Early sleep awakening is the most prominent of sleep disorders. Patients often wake up 2 to 3 hours earlier than before and cannot fall asleep after waking up. They are full of pessimism and wait for this day to come.

Depression symptoms of mental depression

Depression is especially important in the early morning.

Causes of mental depression

There are many causes of depression. It is mainly bad social and psychological factors.

Social factors of depression

People live in society, and their life span, health, and disease are all closely related. People's worries, happiness, sorrow, relaxation, anxiety, etc. All these emotions that maintain or destroy people's normal physiological functions are closely connected with society.

Psychological factors of depression

Conditions in life that can cause strong mental stress, severe trauma or unpleasant emotional experiences can become psychological factors.
Obvious psychological trauma is generally used as the inducement, such as unfortunate encounters in life, career frustration, unreuse, and interpersonal relationships. Depression is also closely related to a person's personality. The personality characteristics of this patient are generally introverted, lonely, sentimental and dependent. Depression is very harmful to people, it will completely change people's understanding of the world and relationships, and even end their lives with suicide.

Treatment of mental depression

Depression is a common mood disorder. In a broad sense, it is a mental illness. It is characterized by a high prevalence, high relapse rate, high disability rate and high mortality rate.
The specific manifestations of depression are: long-lasting depression, which obviously exceeds the necessary limit, lacks self-confidence, feels a significant decrease in physical energy, and cannot experience happiness in any interesting activities. Such disorders can also cause physical dysfunction, such as sleep disturbances or loss of appetite.
In western countries, depression is one of the most common mental illnesses. The incidence of lifetime depression is between 6% and 8%. With the gradual aging of the population, the incidence of depression in people over 60 years of age Up to 20% to 50%. 65% to 80% of patients will have serious suicidal ideation, 45% to 55% will have suicidal or suicidal behaviors, and life-long suicide mortality is as high as 15% to 25%. According to the World Health Report 2002 published by the World Health Organization, depression has become the fourth largest disease in the world, and by 2020 depression may become the second largest disease after heart disease.
A domestic survey in 2012 showed that domestic public mental health problems are not optimistic. More than 26 million people suffer from depression at different levels, but most people do not realize that they have depression, but realize that they have depression. Ninety percent of the patients did not seek help from professionals such as counselors and psychologists!
The treatment of depression is mainly three types of treatment methods: psychological treatment, drug treatment and physical treatment. Let us introduce these three treatment methods separately.
I. Psychotherapy
It is suitable for the consolidation and maintenance treatment of mild to moderate depression without negative concepts in the acute phase, and the control of the symptoms in the acute phase of various types of depression, which can be performed simultaneously with drug treatment. Psychotherapy requires patients to have a certain understanding and ability to persevere and tolerate the pain caused by the symptoms during the treatment to a certain extent. In fact, it is not suitable for everyone. Prevention of relapse of depression.
1. Dredging and venting: The patient s situation before seeking psychological treatment is ununderstood and unexplained, so the doctor must be caring, compassionate, and quietly listening, so that the patient knows that his pain has been accepted as reality ; Is a common psychological treatment of depression.
2.Avoid contradictions and misunderstandings when talking with patients;
3.Don't lose confidence due to treatment difficulties, and be patient enough to lead the patient through the onset of disease;
4. Depression patients do not accept reality and take positive action: Morita therapy regards "let's do what is right" as an attitude to life, and through positive actions, achieve success and joy;
5. Healthy personality and self-improvement: Psychoanalytic theory believes that the emergence of depression is a lack of a basic sense of security, and it turns frustration into anger directed at itself, which leads to depression and depression. So let patients understand their own psychological dynamics and illness, and insight into their own response patterns to difficulties to promote the growth of personality.
6. Social support: Social support, spiritual support from family, friends, and classmates can change patients' poor cognition and improve their adaptability, which can help improve interpersonal relationships. Family therapy is very important. Acute or long-lasting depression will affect family life, and the family members' response to the patient will directly affect the prognosis. The doctor should first let the family know the symptoms, course and treatment of the disease. The patient's symptoms must be recognized, and understanding, patience, and formal treatment are needed. Disease has its own laws, and it is not feasible to try to improve the mood by changing the environment. This will only make the disease worse. Social support is particularly important in the psychotherapy of depression. [1]
Seeking the most effective way to treat depression is the most concerned issue for all patients and their families. When our thoughts and emotions are controlled and dominated by depression, it makes us feel as if we are gradually losing ourselves in life. Began to pay attention to some specific medicines and the best treatment methods. Patients should not be blind in the choice of medicines. Lily Qingnao Jingshen Decoction is your first choice medicine for treating depression. [2]

Self-relief methods for mental depression

Stick to normal activities. Some patients can go to work and do housework normally, but do not go to work or even do housework. This is very harmful. The more I feel, the more I feel useless. In fact, patients have the ability to complete work tasks and do housework. As long as you do it, your emotions will not decrease.
Make room for plans. Before going to bed every night, think about what you will do tomorrow. The plan cannot be set too high, and it should not be too low, leaving plenty of room. This will complete the plan every day. This is what people usually call "jump and you can pick the fruits".
Affirm yourself in time. Before going to bed every night, you must fully affirm your achievements and progress this past day, and do not talk about negative things. The best way to keep a diary is to keep good experiences, progress, and achievements in the diary. I keep my diary like this every day, I think life will become more and more interesting.
Do not talk to relatives and friends about negative things, and friends and relatives do not listen to patients' negative words. This is not to sympathize with patients, the main thing is that relatives and friends listen to patients to talk about negative things, they will strengthen them to talk about negative things. [3]

Clinical manifestations of depression

Nurse or housewife
According to relevant surveys, the incidence rate in these nursing occupations ranks first. Often not appreciated after caring for others, these pressures are too great to be strengthened.
Catering staff
The occupational caregiver is followed by those who provide catering services in the restaurant. These service workers have low salaries and heavy workloads, and many people look for their services every day. Ten percent of the general staff reported having experienced depression in the past year, and almost 15 percent of women in this field have experienced depression. This is also a profession that is often not appreciated after serving others. Not only must we face people's rude behavior, but also a lot of physical effort. When people are depressed, it is difficult to have the strength and motivation to work. If you have to work at this time, the difficulty can be imagined.
Third, social workers. It is not surprising that such staff have such high rates of depression. The demand for helping abused children or families on the brink of crisis, combined with the bureaucracy of many institutions, makes it a stressful, busy day-to-day job. There is a culture that if you want to do well, you need to work hard and often make sacrifices. Because social workers deal with people who need help, it may be difficult to not make great sacrifices.
Healthcare workers
Healthcare workers include doctors, nurses, therapists, and other professions that end up paying a lot or nothing. Health care workers work long hours, without regularity, and the lives of others are often held in their hands. The pressure is too high to be represented by a few charts. They face illness, pain and death every day and deal with patients' families. This profession can change people's view of the whole world, and that is a sad world.
Artists, entertainers and writers
This kind of occupational income is unstable, the job is not time, and it is lonely. These people may also have undiagnosed or untreated mental disorders. For those who like art work, depression is not uncommon. The reason why depression occurs has a lot to do with their lifestyle.
teacher
The demands on teachers seem to be increasing. Many teachers have to work after work and even take their work home. In many areas, teachers must learn to give more and give less. The pressure comes from different sources-students, parents, and schools that meet standards, and their requirements are diverse. This makes it difficult for teachers to do their own things, and it is harder to remember the reasons why they started in this field.
Logistics Assurance Staff
People in this field often have typical problems, which are high requirements and low degree of manipulation. On the front line, they give them instructions in all aspects; at the same time, they are the lowest level of manipulable personnel, and everything can be filtered out from them.
Eighth, maintenance and ground staff. When something goes wrong, someone comes to you, how do you feel? This is basically what the maintenance staff has to face every day. They work on time, with no season or schedule, and night shifts are commonplace. It is often a mess for people to work, but it is difficult to work, but the salary is not high.
Financial advisors and financial staff
Pressure, pressure, pressure. Most people don't like coping with retirement savings plans. Imagine what it would be like to deal with tens of thousands of dollars a day for others. Taking responsibility for managing other people's finances and uncontrollable markets. It also involves crime. When customers lose money, someone will shout at them.
Tenth, salesman. Although the job of a salesperson can easily lead to depression, and for a lot of reasons, they are luckier than the nine categories above. Unstable income, tremendous pressure on work results, and long working hours make it a high-stress occupation.

Treatment for mental depression

I. Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy is helpful for all people with depression. However, supportive psychotherapy is not enough for patients with major depression. Antidepressant therapy or electrical shock therapy must be performed at the same time. Psychotherapy is most suitable for patients with mild depression, depression remission, and chronic depression.
Second, electric shock (electric convulsions) treatment
It is available for patients with depression who have serious negative suicide attempts and those who have not responded to antidepressant treatment. The application of this kind of depression treatment method is effective and effective, 6-10 times is a course of treatment. After electrical shock treatment, medication maintenance therapy is still required.

Depression Treatment

Introduction to Depression

Mental depression requires a longer hospital stay and close follow-up by a doctor. The simultaneous use of antidepressants and antipsychotics is more effective. Conductive spasms are also effective.

Treatment effect of depression

The effect of treatment of mental depression is obvious. Patients can usually recover within one year, but follow-up treatment is still required after discharge. The treatment of mental depression is very different from other depressions, and the risk of suicide is high, so the diagnosis of mental depression is very important.

Self-treatment of depression

With the aging of the population in our country, mental depression has gradually increased. This disease is often not effective with medication alone. If it can be combined with self-treatment, it can indeed achieve good results. Chinese medicine believes that this condition is liver qi stagnation, spleen and stomach disagreement, and has accumulated a lot of experience in self-treatment.
I. Keep a cheerful mood in daily health care, take part in some group activities, such as dancing and singing! Add some hobbies, try to participate in some work within your ability, and strive to be psychologically and physically dissatisfied with the old! Talk to your family and talk about your trouble . Interaction with young people can be infected by young people's vitality.
Second, eat more foods containing calcium, such as soybeans and soy products, red dates, chives, celery, garlic, fish, shrimp, sesame, rock sugar, honey, walnuts, bananas, milk and so on. Avoid food such as alcohol and coffee. If you use too much brain before meals, get emotional and angry when eating, and use brain and hard work immediately after meals, it will not help the symptoms disappear.
3. Taijiquan should be as close as possible to mind, mind and air.
Fourth, music therapy Listen to brisk music, several times a day.
Fifth, the method of watching the breath The method of watching the breath is a method of purifying the mind in the remodeling of mind. The quality of breathing represents the quality of life. Breathing is accompanied by the beginning and end of life. Breathing is called "breathing."
Patients with depression can practice the breath-taking method in the morning and evening. Gently close your eyes during the exercise and focus on your breathing. No matter what you think, you must accept it with no push, no resistance, no entanglement. And all you need to do is to observe the breath purely, based on a cross-legged posture, based on twenty minutes. After half a month to a month, you can extend the exercise time to forty minutes to an hour.
6. Meditation Meditation is a good practice for body and mind practice. It has been widely used in psychotherapy and spiritual growth activities. Meditation can reduce tension, anxiety, depression and other emotions. Practicing meditation regularly will increase consciousness. It helps enlighten patients with depression.
7. Reading more books is helpful. Reading more books on psychology, philosophy, including Taoism, and Buddhism can improve our wisdom, let us have a deeper understanding of ourselves and life, and transcend past ideological limitations.
8. Self-massage and kneading Guan Yuan: Press your hands on Guan Yuan's acupoint, turn clockwise and counterclockwise for 50 turns each, from light to heavy and slow to fast. Once a day. Guan Yuan is located three inches down from the lower belly button, that is, four horizontal fingers below the belly button. Is one of the four major health points in ancient times. (The other three points are Zusanli, Jiyuyu and Bailao.) TCM believes that Guan Yuan is located in Renmai, which has the effect of promoting digestion, correcting endocrine disorders, and anti-aging.
Nine, medicinal diet jujube porridge [raw material] 15 grams of jujube kernel, 100 grams of japonica rice. [Method] Boil porridge with japonica rice and water until it is cooked. Add jujube kernels and cook for a while. [Usage] Morning and evening warm clothes. [Function] Nourish the mind, soothe the nerves, and gather sweat. Heart palpitations, insomnia, dreams. Sautéed jujube kernels can be used raw or fried. Frequent frying time can destroy the effective ingredients. It is advisable to sauté the jujube kernels for a while, and the family can grind with a rolling pin.

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy is a very important method of treating depression. Mild depression can be treated without medication and only rely on psychological therapy, while in the treatment of moderate and severe depression, antipsychotics are used to control the condition, and psychiatrists generally also assist in the implementation of psychological therapy.
Psychological treatment of depression can help people recover from depression in several ways, including cognitive-motor, interpersonal, psychodynamic, and other types of "talk therapy." Psychotherapy gives people the opportunity to identify the causes of their depression, and to deal effectively with psychological, behavioral, interpersonal, and environmental factors.

Treatment for depression

The first is psychotherapy, which is also a very important treatment. Psychotherapy includes support, individual, collective, cognitive therapy, and family therapy. Supportive care can be intervened from the time a patient seeks medical treatment, and it can play a very important role. When the patient appears negative, pessimistic, depressed, violent psychological contradiction, suicidal ideation or behavior, it is urgent to give spiritual support. Positive guidance, counseling, counselling, encouragement and comfort. Help patients to go through the most difficult period, that is, the most severe period, to help build the patient's self-confidence, especially with other treatments can achieve satisfactory results. When the acute phase of the disease is under control or transferred to the recovery phase, individual psychotherapy and collective psychotherapy can be combined. For some patients with the same symptoms, they can be organized to carry out collective psychotherapy, let them communicate with each other, encourage each other, doctors as a guide to achieve a common understanding and achieve treatment results. According to the different conditions of each person, individual psychotherapy is carried out. Cognitive therapy is a method of individual psychotherapy. Cognitive therapy is to correct the patient's cognition from three different levels, including three aspects of automatic thinking, vision and strategy, that is, to carry out the treatment from the shallow to the deep to achieve the therapeutic purpose.
For depression patients, first understand their symptoms, then related relationships, that is, the causes, and how to overcome them to achieve the purpose of treatment. Finally, family therapy, that is, the treatment of the patient's loved ones and those around them. The main thing is to let them understand and understand the patient's condition and possible causes. Cooperate with doctors for treatment.
Psychotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of depression. In recent years, the combination of cognitive therapy and mental remodeling therapy has been adopted. From conscious cognition to subconscious positive cues, the negative emotions of patients are eliminated, and internal conflicts are changed from the deep to achieve a good therapeutic effect. If the condition is serious, it can be combined with other treatments, such as drug treatment or electric shock treatment, to achieve better treatment results.
Secondly, physical therapy, that is, electrical shock therapy and transcranial microcurrent stimulation therapy, physical therapy has a clear effect, and it has no side effects and dependence compared to drugs. And control symptoms faster, especially for patients with severe depression, such as stiff, antifeedant, and suicide. This treatment saved the lives of many patients, especially the transcranial microcurrent stimulation therapy, changed the shortcomings of the original electric shock, and eliminated the anxiety and fear of patients and their families. Secondly, some side effects that may occur during electric shock treatment are avoided, and the scope of treatment is expanded again, especially for elderly patients and patients with less serious physical diseases.
Transcranial micro-current stimulation therapy improves the secretion of 5-HT, promotes the release of norepinephrine, and enhances the excitability of nerve cell activity, thereby reducing the depression of individuals. By promoting the secretion of endorphin with a sedative effect, patients can maintain a relaxed and comfortable mental state, which is conducive to better alleviate the previous negative and depressed emotional state. In addition, through the improvement of patients' brain waves and the improvement of various physiological indicators, it plays a role in improving various physical symptoms of patients with mental depression.

Diagnosis and typing of depression

Diagnosis of depression

(1) Meet the diagnostic criteria for neurosis.
(2) The main clinical phase is the persistent mild to moderate depression, accompanied by at least three of the following symptoms.
1. Interest has diminished but has not been lost.
2, pessimistic and disappointed in the future, but not despair.
3. Conscious fatigue or weakness.
4. Self-evaluation declined, but willing to accept encouragement and help.
5. Unwilling to communicate with others actively, but passive contact is good, willing to accept sympathy and support.
6. I have thoughts of death, but I have many concerns.
7, consciously serious and difficult to treat, but take the initiative to seek treatment, hoping to be cured.
(3) None of the following symptoms
1. Obvious psychomotor inhibition.
2. Waking up early and the symptoms of morning and evening light.
3. Serious guilt and self-incrimination.
4. Persistent loss of appetite and significant weight loss (not caused by physical illness).
5. More than one attempted suicide.
6, life can not take care of themselves.
7. Hallucinations and delusions.
8. Impaired self-knowledge.

Principles of depression treatment

In the treatment of depression, there are common principles in the choice of drugs. Now we will briefly introduce the reader.
If the diagnosis is mild depression, such as reduced interest in social functioning and decreased work efficiency, but there are no corresponding physical problems, coupled with relatives and friends and various social relationships can effectively support the patient, the patient may not need to take medicine. At this time, psychotherapy based on cognitive behavioral therapy can work. The so-called cognitive therapy is to change the mood and behavior of the patient by adjusting the patient's perspective.

Depression family support

In addition, family support is very important. Relatives and friends must not simply and rudely treat patients, such as "If you don't live well, then die", it is equivalent to pushing one behind the person who wants to jump. Therefore, relatives and friends should say: "These diseases are very common, we will always be with you, and you will get better quickly." These words can alleviate the psychological burden of patients to a certain extent. Of course, if some examples of successful cures are introduced, patients' confidence in treatment will be enhanced.

TCM treatment of depression

Depression of Liver Depression and Spleen Deficiency

Main evidence: sentimentality, pessimism, emotional instability, sigh, sigh, fullness, bloating, diarrhea, tiredness, pale red tongue, thin white fur, and thin pulse strings.
Dialectical analysis: This card is due to emotional failure, liver depression and spleen suppression, emotional injury, liver loss, spleen deficiency and Qi knot, too much thought, emotional instability, pessimism, sighing; stagnation of liver qi, Qi Unsatisfactory, so the two threatening pain, liver qi spleen and stomach spleen, there will be bloating and diarrhea, body fatigue, red tongue, thin white fur, thin pulse strings, are signs of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency. With sentimental thoughts and honesty, seeing goodness and dying, chest fullness, abdominal distension and diarrhea, and fatigue are the main points of differentiation.

Qi stagnation and blood stasis

Main evidence: emotional depression, suicidal attempt, irritable mood, slow thinking association, slow movement, dull complexion, pain in the ribs, amenorrhea in women. The tongue is dark purple or has stagnant spots, white fur, and heavy pulses.
Dialectical analysis: This card is due to long stagnation, poor blood flow, and stagnant blood. Emotional depression, slow association of thoughts, dull complexion, pain in the ribs, dark purple tongue or silt spots are the main points of differentiation. Liver blood stagnation, liver failure, and emotional depression, sometimes suicidal attempts, irritability, sputum and blood stasis, restlessness, so thinking association and slow movement. Liver depression and stagnation. The ribs are sore and painful, and women have amenorrhea. The face is dull, the tongue is purple or stagnant, and the pulse is sinking, all of which are like blood stasis.

Mental depression

Main evidence: insomnia, forgetfulness, lack of interest, palpitations, easy to panic, goodness, sorrow, and easy crying, fatigue, fatigue, pale or yellowish appearance, fullness in the abdomen, loose stools, pale tongue and white fur, and weak pulses.
Dialectical analysis: This card is caused by over-consideration, straining the heart and spleen, loss of heart and blood, insufficiency of mind, and absent-mindedness, so insomnia and forgetfulness, lack of interest, dizziness, easy to panic, goodness, sadness, and crying. Deficiency of the spleen is fatigue and fatigue, spleen deficiency and health dereliction of duty, abdominal distension will be suffocated. The complexion is pale or yellowish, the tongue is pale and white, and the veins are weak. The main points of differentiation are insomnia and forgetfulness, lack of interest, palpitations, embarrassment, pale tongue, and weak pulse.

Depression of spleen and kidney

Main symptoms: debilitating spirit, low mood, low sleepiness, upset and horror, palpitations, insomnia, pale complexion, nagging, suffocation, women with thinness, pale tongue or tooth marks on the edges, white fur, thin pulses .
Dialectical analysis: This card is caused by deficiency of endowment, chronic illness and loss of health, or injury to the kidney of the labor room, loss of the yuan, loss of life, fire, and spleen-yang cannot be warmed. Yang deficiency and yin are abundant, so the spirit is debilitating, the mood is low, and the habit of lying is less. Spleen and kidney yang deficiency, phlegm drink stop, Shang Ling Yu heart, lost heart, so upset and panic, palpitations and insomnia. The complexion is pale, with impotence and nocturnal emission, thinness under the tongue, pale fat tongue or tooth marks on the side, and the pulse sinking is the main point of differentiation.

Yin Deficiency and Fire Depression in Mental Depression

Main evidence: emotional restlessness, irritability, irritability, palpitations, insomnia, dreams, five upsets, dry mouth, red tongue, less moss, and pulse count. Dialectical analysis: This card is mostly caused by long-term imagination or excessive kidney injury, which leads to yin deficiency and fire and disturbs the mind. Yin deficiency and fire, disturbance of mind, so emotional restlessness, irritability, easy to provoke, loss of yin essence, false spirit disturbance, so emotional restlessness, irritability, easy to provoke, loss of yin essence, deficiency heat endogenous, see five upset Heat, dry mouth, dry throat, red tongue and less moss, and pulse count are all signs of yin deficiency and fire. With emotional restlessness, irritability, dry mouth, dry throat, red tongue and less moss, the pulse count is the main point of differentiation.

Depression care

Psychological nursing is the use of psychological theories and skills in the nursing process of nursing staff. Through nursing methods, all negative effects are controlled to help patients maintain the best physical and mental state. The forms are divided into conscious psychological nursing and unconscious psychological nursing. The former refers to the use of psychological theories and techniques by nurses to achieve psychological regulation, psychological support or support for patients through designed language and behaviors (reasonable understanding, good faith counseling, sincere comfort, helpful hints, exact guarantees, etc.) Mental health education process. The latter refers to the impact of all the words and manners of the nursing staff on the psychological state of the patient in each link of the nursing process. Shows that as long as there is nurse-patient interaction, there is psychological care.

Depression in patients with recovery

At the same time of antipsychotic drug treatment, we must pay attention to the living environment of patients, timely solve the acute and chronic stress in family social life, and apply effective psychological treatment and nursing, respectively, to actively eliminate their various ideological concerns and educate them Treat life correctly.

Mental depression ability exercise

Prepare to adapt to family life and social environment, patiently help patients learn to be self-relieved, encourage patients to be more in touch with the external environment, actively integrate into the collective, participate in work and labor within their ability, enrich life, and activate the emotions of patients, It will enhance self-confidence in life in interpersonal communication.

Depression family support

Psychological education and family therapy for patients' family members. Reduce family members' excessive attention and accusation of patients, create a relaxed, harmonious and warm environment for patients to return to the family, improve family and patient coping skills, master the basic knowledge of schizophrenic psychological care, and improve interpersonal relationships in the family environment. Family members' incorrect attitudes towards patients and adverse psychological stress in life can affect the prognosis and cause relapse. Pay attention to mobilizing the participation of family and social support systems to provide patients with psychosomatic support, especially the communication between patients with the same disease can often provide patients with a variety of information and spiritual encouragement. Social support is a powerful coping agent for stress response, which can make the patient's psychology in a good state, and enhance patients' confidence and courage to overcome the disease.

Mental depression

Help patients build the right cognition. The onset, exacerbation, and relapse of patients with schizophrenia are closely related to life stress events. Cognitive distortions and cognitive errors generate adverse emotions. Cognitive therapy corrects automatic thinking to establish reasonable cognition and rational thinking. Way [1]. In short, psychological care plays an inestimable role in patients during recovery. Some patients can't bear being in a group of mental disorders, often feel that the ward is like a prison cell, can't enjoy freedom and equal treatment with normal people, strengthen the formal management of the hospital, establish and improve the rounds system at all levels, and insist on improving and perfecting Various systems are gradually moving towards open management. Strengthening the organization and management of patients, organizing patients, carrying out some learning, work and entertainment therapy activities, enriching and enriching the hospitalization life of patients, dispersing the stimulus of disease factors to patients, transferring their anxiety, and improving patients' boring hospitalization life , So that patients can rest assured. Some patients are pessimistic and disappointed with the future of life. They think that they can never take off the "hat" of mental illness. They are discriminated by the world and abandoned by the family. Therefore, they have serious concerns and negative emotions. For such patients, the nurses pay special attention to improvement The attitude of service and words. It is necessary to use psychological nursing methods to explain to them in a timely manner. Like other diseases, mental illness is a dysfunction of human organs. The difference is that the organ suffering from mental illness is the brain, which is the highest organ of the human body and has mental activity. Therefore, "being inferior" does not need to be inferior. With the continuous progress of science, the mystery of the brain is gradually being revealed, and more and more treatments for mental illness are being made. After active treatment, most patients can recover their social abilities, work and study like normal people, and there are many ways to do it. For example, the staff explained, the patients talked and learned, they could argue with each other, let the patients talk, and vent.

Characteristics of mental depression

People with other mental illnesses also have hallucinations, or delusions, except that patients with mental depression know that these ideas are wrong. They will feel ashamed and embarrassed and want to cover up, which makes the diagnosis of mental depression more difficult. People with mental depression have an increased risk of bipolar depression.

The Depression of Mental Depression

1. Destroy physical and mental health. The severity of the consequences of mental depression varies from person to person, etiology, etc., but even so, for any person with depression, symptoms of depression, energy loss, and no longer interested in the surroundings And, these mental pains will also cause a lot of physical problems, such as depression, prone to chest tightness, shortness of breath, constipation, loss of appetite and so on.
2. Not working and socializing. If mental depression is not detected and treated in time, the consequences of depression begin to increase. Patients with severe symptoms of depression will work with long-term mental depression and negative emotions, and their thinking, reaction, and memory abilities will decline to varying degrees, which brings great difficulties to normal work and social interaction.
3. Let the patient really "face" sweep the floor. Regarding the dangers of particularly severe mental depression, you can imagine a picture: you have been out of work all day, and even eating and dressing is a problem, and even the minimum personal hygiene cannot be maintained. That is to say, depression in this period is preventing the patients from carrying out the most basic daily life.
4. Forcing patients to "self-extricate themselves" If the danger of severe depression is the most terrible one, I am afraid that it is "suicide" and "homicide". According to statistics, about two-thirds of depression patients have suicidal thoughts, and about one-fifth of depression patients will implement it.

Classification of mental illness

According to the Chinese Mental Disorder Classification and Diagnostic Standards Third Edition (CCMD-3), depression can be divided into mild depression or major depression according to the degree of impairment of social function; according to the presence or absence of "hallucinations, delusions, or tension syndrome And other psychotic symptoms ", depression is divided into depression without psychotic symptoms and depression with psychotic symptoms; according to whether there was another episode of depression before (at least 2 months ago), depression is divided into First episode of depression and recurrent depression.

Clinical manifestations of depression

Depression symptoms

The typical manifestations of clinical symptoms of depression include a reduction in activity in three dimensions: depression, mental retardation, and reduced will activity. In other patients, physical symptoms are the main symptoms.
It can be manifested as a significant and persistent depression and pessimism, which is not commensurate with the real environment. Patients at a milder level are feeling unhappy, unhappy, lacking interest in everything, feeling "depressed" and "can't be happy"; pessimistic and desperate at a serious level, with a sense of life like life and death than death, patients often say " "It's meaningless to live", "Uncomfortable in heart", etc. Menopause and elderly depression can be accompanied by irritability, restlessness, dryness, flushing, and sweating, while children and adolescents can be irritable (such as impatientness and anger for small things). The typical mood of depression also has the characteristics of light rhythm in the morning and night, that is, the mood depression is more serious in the morning, but it can be reduced in the evening.
The patient may report that his brain is unresponsive, or his memory or attention is reduced, his or her ability to learn or work is reduced or hesitant, she lacks motivation, and she does not want to do anything. Now, she can feel that she is unable to cope with her working life. Not only does the patient begin to self-evaluate Reduce, sometimes blame yourself for all your faults, often producing a sense of uselessness, hopelessness, helplessness, and worthlessness, and even start to blame yourself. In serious cases, you can have sinful delusions (repeated entanglement with yourself and some minor Negligence, think that you have made a big mistake and are about to be punished), and repeatedly have negative ideas or behaviors.
Many patients are accompanied by decreased or increased appetite, weight loss or gain (for example, weight changes of more than 5% in a month) without dieting, insomnia or excessive sleep almost every day, and some patients have hyposexuality, women Patients will experience menstrual disorders.
It is worth noting that due to the characteristics of Chinese culture, the emotional symptoms of some patients may not be obvious, and the prominent symptoms are various physical discomforts. The digestive symptoms are more common, such as loss of appetite, bloating, constipation, etc. With symptoms such as headache and chest tightness, patients often become entangled in a certain body complaint, and they are prone to suspected disease concepts, and then develop into suspected diseases, nothingness, and sinful delusions, but medical examinations have found no major problems, and the corresponding treatment effects have also Not obvious.

Mental Depression Illness

Patients in depression suffer great mental and even physical pain, which affects life treatment, affects the family or occupational function of the patient, and has a high risk of depression suicide. Once the patient is suspected of having depression, the patient and his family need to pay attention In time, go to a mental health institution for professional diagnosis and treatment. Depression that needs special mention is best to receive timely, adequate and thorough treatment (that is, clinical treatment of acute phase treatment, and adequate consolidation and maintenance treatment), otherwise it will lead to chronic and refractory disease.

Six major hazards of mental depression

1. Induced somatic diseases:
Depression patients have a two-fold increased risk of heart disease and a three-fold increase in the risk of stroke. Common manifestations are loss of appetite, weight loss, loss of libido, constipation, impotence, amenorrhea, and fatigue. Relatives and friends of patients suffer a lot of pain and torture, and their work conditions are also affected to some extent
Physical illness
2. Long-term negative pessimism:
Depression can lead to negative thinking, pessimism and self-blame, low self-esteem, feeling that everything is difficult, and despairing of the future.
3. Shorten life:
A 40-year study found that mortality from dysfunction due to depression is as high as that from cancer, diabetes and heart disease.
4. Damage to social functions:
After suffering from depression, it is usually manifested as difficulty thinking, sleep disturbance, decreased appetite, marked decrease in mental labor efficiency, difficulty in daily work, and reduced human immune function and social work and physical ability.
5. Increasing family burden:
The treatment of depression takes a long time. The medicines applied, the psychological treatments participated, and the nursing work done will consume a lot of human and financial resources, which will cause an economic burden on the family.
6. Functional decline:
Prolonged depression can cause difficulty in thinking, the efficiency of mental labor is significantly reduced, it affects brain function, dizziness, and memory loss. [4]

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