What is a paper machine?

paper machine is used to produce paper. Modern paper machines are based on Fourdrinier, developed by Henry and Sealy Fourdrinier at the beginning of the 18th century. The design is based on a machine invented in 1798 by Louis Robert, although Fourdrinier machines are significantly more complicated. Since their initial development, little has changed in paper machines. Most paper machines consist of four sections that can be everything in one piece of equipment or divide into several smaller machines.

This first part of the machine is called a wet end. Different configurations in this part of the machine are used to create different degrees. At the wet end, wooden pulp and water are supplied to the machine. The pulp, which consists of 99% water, is laid on the screen to align the fibers in the same direction as the machine; Filter and colors can be mixed with pulp at this stage of paper production.

In the next section of the paper machine, the paper moves to the printing section consisting of two nEbo more presses. The paper that is still wet is transferred from the screen to felting, which can be made of different materials that give the paper different textures. The purpose of this section is to remove water from the pulp by pressing the paper between the rollers. When removing excess water, the presss push the paper into flat sheets, which can later be cut with another machine. At the end of this phase, paper can still have up to 65% water.

The third part of the paper machine, known as the dried section, reduces the water content of the paper to approximately 5%. In this section, the paper walks through the couples of heated rollers. There are usually two or more sets of these rollers, which are graded to push the paper every time by tighter space. Starch, resin and adhesive can also be added to paper to increase the paper more resistant to water and improve its printability.

The final part of the paper machine is known as the calendar section. Here the paper is smoothed and pushed on a more uniform thickness. The amount of pressure of the appliedThe paper at this point determines the surface on the paper.