What Is a Site Plan?

Planning means carrying out a more comprehensive long-term development plan. It is thinking about, considering, and designing future action plans for overall, long-term, and basic issues. When it comes to planning, some working comrades and scholars in government departments will regard it as the urban-rural construction plan, closely linking planning and construction. Therefore, when referring to planning, a series of issues such as land acquisition and planning and design drawings must be considered. In fact, this is a partial understanding of the concept of planning.

A venue is a specific place. It can be diverse, communities, industrial parks, city parks, etc.

Site planning In order to meet a certain demand, people will deliberately artificially transform and use the land for a long time. This is actually a graphic representation of all harmonious adaptation relationships-partitions and buildings, partitions and partitions, all of these land uses are adapted to the site terrain. ^[1]

1. Site scope and boundary

The central line of the road, the red line of the road, the greening control line, the land boundary line and the building control line should be mastered. Candidates should clearly understand the meaning of several control lines and their differences from other control lines.

2. Relationship with urban roads

This is the basic knowledge that every urban planning and architectural designer must master. The base should be connected with the road red line, otherwise, the access road should be connected with the road red line. When the base is connected to the red line of the road, the building control line is generally a certain distance from the red line of the retreat road. Buildings are generally not constructed beyond the line of control of the building. Buildings and temporary buildings (such as greenery, newsstands, etc.) that are needed in the public welfare can be built on the road red line with the approval of the local planning authority. The steps, platforms, window wells, underground buildings, and building foundations of the building shall not penetrate the red line of the road. Building protrusions can conditionally cross the red line of roads. Collector retreats

3 Site Entrance

Bases with heavy traffic and densely populated construction bases should meet the requirements of the code: The distance from the intersection of major roads in large and medium-sized cities should not be less than 70m from the intersection of road red lines; the edge of the sidewalk at non-road intersections It should not be less than 5m; it should not be less than 10m from the edge of the public transportation platform; it should not be less than 20m from the entrances and exits of buildings such as parks, schools, and children with disabilities; when the base access slope is large, a buffer section should be set up to connect with urban roads The distance from the three-dimensional intersection or other special circumstances shall be handled in accordance with the regulations of the local planning authority.

4 Building height limit

When the city's overall plan requires it, the height should be limited according to the planning requirements; buildings within the protected area, sight corridors and scenic areas, buildings facing the streets of the city and district centers, airports, radio stations, telecommunications, microwave communications, weather stations , Satellite ground stations, military fortifications, and other surrounding buildings should all consider height restrictions. The stairwell, elevator machine room, water tank room, chimney, etc. that partially protrude from the roof may not be included in the control height in general urban areas; it should be included in the protection area and control area.

5. Control index

The indicators of building strength include floor area ratio, building density, and total building area. Quantitative indicators of environmental quality mainly include green space rate, green coverage rate, net population density, population density, etc.

Floor area ratio = total building area (m ² ) / total land area of the base (m ² )

Building density (%) = total building area (m ² ) / total land area (m ² ) × 100%

Green coverage (%) = Green coverage (m ² ) / Total land area (m ² ) × 100%

Green space ratio (%) = Sum of green area coverage (m ² ) / total land area (m ² ) × 100%

Population gross density (person / hm ² ) = total residential population (person) / total area of residential land (hm ² )

Net population density (person / hm ² ) = total resident population (person) / total residential land area (hm ² )

6. General site design

This is the overall arrangement and coordination of many contents of the construction project. It should fully consider its use functions and requirements, the natural and artificial environment of the construction area, and the rationality of economic and technological factors. The functional division of the site, traffic flow lines, building combinations, Make reasonable arrangements for greening and environmental facilities layout, as well as environmental protection, to make it a unified and organic whole. ^[1]

The first stage: site survey and project discussion stage [2-3 working days]

Mainly based on the project background and project characteristics, conduct a detailed survey of the project site to understand and master the site's topographic features, landscapes, transportation, water systems, vegetation, construction, ecology, hydrology, geology, meteorology and environmental protection, etc. Understand Party A's preliminary assumptions and requirements for project planning and design, and fully communicate and exchange views and agree on the overall concept of planning and design and the planning and design framework.

Submission of results:

Site investigation survey report

The second stage: the planning and design phase [20-30 working days]

Strategic Research

Analyze the successful experience of building land use space and the value evaluation system around the research theme.

basic research

From the two aspects of the status quo and planning, through the analysis of the research objects, find the existing problems.

Strategy Research

Aim at the problem, compare the value evaluation system given by the strategic research, put forward the optimization goal, and give a feasible strategy to achieve the goal. Determine the theme and characteristics of the project.

According to the current site conditions, preliminary analysis and research, and the consensus reached in the previous stage of communication with Party A, systematically compare and analyze the project to determine the space system, functional layout, landscape system, ecological structure, and transportation organization of the project Research on land use and development strategies.

The submissions are as follows:

1. Status survey and evaluation

2. Analysis of the connection relationship with the master plan

3. Summary of planning and design issues

4. Location analysis chart

5, functional structure analysis diagram

6. Analysis chart of traffic structure

8. General plan of site design

10.Planning of architecture and landscape system

11. Industrial layout system planning diagram

11.Plan map of public facilities system

16. General plan of important node design

17. Schematic diagram of design effects of important nodes

The above work results provide 4 sets of text (simplified version) and a CD.

The third stage: stage planning and design results [20 working days]

The submissions are as follows:

1.Location map

2. Location environment map

3. Land use status map (black and white line chart 1: 500)

4. Planning condition map

5. Map of planned land properties (1: 500)

6. General plan of the plan (color 1: 500)

7. General plan of the plan (black and white line drawing 1: 500)

8. Table of main technical and economic indicators

10, functional structure analysis diagram

9. Road traffic planning map

10.Parking layout

11.Planning of architecture and landscape system

12.Plan of public service facilities

13.Infrastructure planning diagram

14.Vertical plan

15. Comprehensive pipeline plan

16. Rizhao analysis report and traffic impact assessment analysis report

17. Construction timing

18.Selection plan of important construction units, plan, elevation and section of main building

19, renderings (bird's eye view, important nodes, perspective renderings of the city interface, and night lighting effects, etc.)

The above work results provide 4 sets of texts, and a CD-ROM is provided after the payment is settled. ^[1]

Although the design of various sites varies according to the nature, scale, natural conditions, and construction conditions, the following basic principles should be generally observed while combining the actual conditions of the site:

I. Seriously implement relevant national policies and policies

The site design should reflect the relevant national guidelines and policies, practically pay attention to saving land, occupying no or less land in the site selection, and adopting advanced technology and effective measures as far as possible to achieve adequate and reasonable use of the land. Implement the principles of "applicable, economical, and pay attention to aesthetics where possible", properly handle various relationships, and strive to maximize the economic benefits of investment.

Meet the requirements of local urban planning

The overall layout of the site, such as the location of entrances and exits, the direction of transportation lines, the shape, number of floors, orientation, layout, space combination, and greening of the building, as well as related building spacing, land use, and environmental control indicators, should meet the urban planning requirements. Requirements and coordinate with the surrounding environment.

Meet the functional requirements of production and life

The layout of the site should be arranged according to the functional relationship and nature of each building, structure and facility, so that the functional partition is reasonable, the building layout is compact, the traffic flow is clear, and the mutual interference between the parts is avoided to meet the use Functional requirements, in line with user behavior. The conventional design of industrial projects must ensure the continuity, smoothness, and safety of production processes and technological processes, and strive to make production operations popular short-term, convenient, and avoid cross-interference.

Fourth, the technical economy is reasonable

Site design must be adapted to local conditions and construction conditions to suit local conditions. In particular, when determining the construction scale of a construction project, selecting construction standards, and drawing up major engineering and technical measures, it is necessary to proceed from the actual situation, conduct in-depth investigations and research and sufficient technical and economic demonstrations, and strive to reduce the cost and shorten the construction on the premise of meeting the functions Cycle, reduce engineering investment and operating costs, and strive to be technically economically reasonable.

V. Meeting transportation requirements

The layout of the site's transportation lines should be short and smooth, avoid repeated crossings, rationally organize people and vehicles, and reduce their mutual interference and traffic reentry. Its internal traffic organization should be adapted to the surrounding road traffic conditions, to minimize the impact of site personnel and cargo delivery on the city's main road traffic, and to avoid traffic unrelated to the site passing through the site.

Meet the requirements of technical specifications and regulations such as health and safety

The distance between buildings and structures should be considered in accordance with the requirements of sunlight, ventilation, fire prevention, earthquake resistance, noise prevention, etc. and the principle of land conservation. The orientation of the building should be reasonably selected, such as avoiding northwest wind and wind and sand in cold areas, avoiding western sun and using natural ventilation in hot areas. Buildings and structures emitting smoke, dust, and harmful gases should be located in the downwind direction of the site, and measures should be taken to avoid polluting the environment.

Seven, the vertical layout is reasonable

Fully combine the site topography, geology, hydrology and other conditions, carry out the vertical layout of buildings, structures, roads, etc., reasonably determine its spatial position and design elevation, do a good job of leveling the site, minimize the amount of earth and stone works, and fill it. 2. The on-site balance of the excavated earth and stone volume can effectively organize the ground drainage of the site to meet the requirements of site flood control.

Reasonable layout of the pipeline complex

Reasonably configure the various underground and underground pipelines in the site. The distance between the pipelines should meet the relevant technical requirements, facilitate construction and daily maintenance, resolve the contradiction of pipeline crossing, and strive to compact layout and minimal footprint.

9. Reasonable greening arrangement and environmental protection

The greening layout and landscaping of the site should be fully considered and coordinated with the layout of buildings, structures, roads, and pipelines, and the role of plant greening in improving microclimates, purifying air, preventing disasters, reducing dust, and beautifying the environment should be fully utilized. Greening combined with production. The site design should be based on the principle of combining environmental construction and protection, and in accordance with relevant environmental protection regulations, take effective measures to prevent environmental pollution, organically combine construction development and environmental protection through appropriate design methods and engineering measures, and strive to obtain The unity of economic, social and environmental benefits creates a comfortable, beautiful, clean and sustainable living environment.

X. Reasonable consideration of development and reconstruction

In consideration of the future construction and development of the site, the principles of near-far integration, near-term focus, near-term concentration, long-term periphery, and inner-out, near-to-far should be reasonably arranged to achieve near-term and long-term construction in the near future. The period is reasonable.

While properly setting aside development land, leaving room for long-term development, avoid excessive and premature land occupation, and pay attention to reducing long-term abandoned projects. For the improvement and expansion of completed projects, we must first rationally tap the potential on the original basis, properly fill the gaps, and properly handle the new and old relationship between the new construction and the original project. Based on the principle of "full use and gradual transformation", Take overall consideration into consideration and make an economic and reasonable long-term planning and layout, as well as staged reconstruction and expansion plans. ^[2]