What is tetanus antitoxin?

tetanus antitoxin is a serum that provides an immediate but temporary passive immunity to bacteria that cause tetanus. Antitoxin is usually administered intravenously or by injection when a person gets a deep blow that could be contaminated with bacteria. It can be made with antibodies from blood plasma in humans or animals. If the serum is from an animal source, there is a greater risk of allergic reactions and side effects than if it were derived from humans. In some cases, serum may also be given to animals that could be endangered by tetanus. For those who have not received a vaccine, or if 10 years have passed since the immunizes, tetanus antitoxin may be given to help prevent or treat tetanus. The serum provides immediate passive immunity, which only lasts until the antibodies are disintegrated by the body that can be anywhere from one to two weeks. Usually, it is soon given a deep wound that is susceptible to contamination and can allow tetanus bacteria to enter the body. ANDNtitoxine neutralizes toxin, which is released by tetanus bacteria and should be administered as soon as possible after injury to prevent the spread of fatal disease throughout the body.

In general, there are two processes that could be made by tetanus antitoxin serum. One method uses associated blood plasma from more people who have been immunized. The second process involves actively immunization of the animal, usually horse or sheep, with tetanus toxoid, so the animal produces tetanus antibodies. Blood plasma from immunized human or animal sources is then divided into globulin proteins that contain tetanic antibodies and are made into antitoxin serum. The serum also includes preservatives to make the solution fresh for courtyards.

Antitoxin tetanus that is derived from animals is more likely to cause allergic reaction and side effects than the plasma of human blood, PRThe proteins of a horse or sheep are alien to human bodies. Usually it is preferred to use antitoxin of the human source over the source of animals, if possible to prevent reactions. Possible reactions include anaphylaxis, serey disease, difficult breathing and rash on the skin. Tetanus antitoxin serum from the origin of animals should not be used if one has asthma, infantile eczema or has an allergic reaction to previous sera.

In some cases, it is necessary to give animals tetanus antitoxin. It could be filed after the animal gets deep if the animal was not previously vaccinated against tetanus. Sometimes it is also served after various operations, if the animal is in a place where tetanus is a frequent problem. Like humans, animals giving tetanus antitoxin receive only temporary immunity. If the serum is used to treat an animal with tetanus, a higher dose is generally necessary, although it may not be successful in the treatment of the disease.