What Is an Occipital Lymph Node?

Lymphatic tuberculosis, as traditional Chinese medicine calls it lulì, is a venomous tissue that manifests on the muscle surface, and is formed by coagulation of sputum poisoning and heat poisoning in both liver and lung. Western medicine refers to the human body's lymphatic system that specializes in cleaning and killing viruses to protect blood vessels and tissues. It encounters tumors that form from the inside and outside of the body and cannot be eliminated, and condensed and aggregated in muscle surface tissues.

Lymphatic tuberculosis

Lymphatic tuberculosis, as traditional Chinese medicine calls it lulì, is a venomous tissue that manifests on the muscle surface, and is formed by coagulation of sputum poisoning and heat poisoning in both liver and lung. Western medicine refers to the human body's lymphatic system that specializes in cleaning and killing viruses to protect blood vessels and tissues. It encounters tumors that form from the inside and outside of the body and cannot be eliminated, and condensed and aggregated in muscle surface tissues.

Lymphatic tuberculosis disease symptoms

Mostly lumps grow on one or both sides of the neck, gradually growing, no pain and no itching, pushing into the slide, no obvious tenderness, if the body resistance is low, it gradually increases, the skin becomes purple, and eventually runs out The pus is discharged with yellow turbid cheese-like pus, which is called "mouse sore" in Chinese medicine. Less frequent ulcers, and some patients may have symptoms of systemic poisoning such as low fever, theft, loss of sweat and appetite, and weight loss.

Lymphatic tuberculosis etiology and pathology

There are two causes of lymph node tuberculosis: one is that the tuberculosis infection through the upper respiratory tract or with food in the oral cavity and nasopharynx, especially the tonsils caused by primary infection. The posterior lymph vessels reach the superficial and deep lymph nodes of the neck. Most sites are unilateral lymph nodes. Involved throat. Involved lymphatic tuberculosis continues to develop into cold abscesses or ulcers after re-absorption in severe cases.

The other is that after the primary tuberculosis infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the blood enters the medial neck lymph nodes with blood, causing cervical lymph tuberculosis; it can also be infected from the lumbar and abdominal lymph nodes, and then the secondary infection of the deep lymph node group, which is more common in the incidence of cervical lymph node tuberculosis common.

Lymphatic tuberculosis

Lymphatic tuberculosis classification: caseous tuberculosis, proliferative tuberculosis, mixed tuberculosis, and non-reactive tuberculosis. ^[1]

Lymphatic tuberculosis disease classification

Tuberculosis is usually named after the site and organs. According to the site of the disease, lymph tuberculosis mainly includes the following:

Lymphatic tuberculosis

This is the most common form of lymph tuberculosis, with more women than men. According to Japanese statistics, men are the most in the 30-year-old group and women are the most in the 50-year-old group. The incidence is more common on the right. Western medicine believes that the disease is mostly caused by the invasion of M. tuberculosis through the mouth (caries or tonsils) and from the lymphatic vessels to the submandibular or submandibular lymph nodes; it can also be caused by pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis lesions spreading through the blood. Chinese medicine believes that the disease is emotionally injured, the liver is stagnation, and the spleen is weak and sputum. Liver stagnation heats up, phlegm and heat beat each other, respecting the veins of the neck and become sloppy. It is also caused by physical weakness, lung and kidney yin deficiency, which causes yin deficiency and fire, and sputum and fire condense to form a maggot.

Axillary lymph tuberculosis

The disease is rare clinically. Patients often complain of axillary lymphadenopathy and pain; they also have calcifications on the axillary or upper chest wall during chest X-rays.

Lymph tuberculosis

Swollen lymph nodes in the groin, mostly from trauma to the lower limbs or vulva. However, tuberculosis spreads throughout the body and occasionally can occur. It can begin with swelling with only mild pain, and can ulcerate if not actively treated.

Lymphatic tuberculosis

Generally due to systemic dissemination or intestinal tuberculosis, abdominal lymphadenopathy has occurred one after another. In the main complaint, there may have been no symptoms of digestive system in the past, and no lesions were often found in the lungs. It also includes those who have had symptoms of intestinal tuberculosis in the past, or who have already received chemotherapy because of the treatment of tuberculosis.

Lymphatic tuberculosis

When the body has not produced an allergic reaction, tuberculosis bacteria in the primary site of primary infection in the lungs invade the lymph nodes by lymphatic flow. There are many lymph nodes from the hilum to the mediastinum. When the disease progressed, mediastinal lymph nodes also developed successively, forming various degrees of caseinization, from the pulmonary lymph node flow through the hilar mediastinal lymph node, and finally from the right vein corner lymph into the pulmonary vein, so tuberculosis bacteria easily flow into the bloodstream. Therefore, hilar lymph tuberculosis is in a state prone to potential bacteremia.

Lymphatic tuberculosis diagnosis

According to the history of TB exposure, local signs, especially when cold abscesses have been formed or ulceration has formed an unhealed sinus or ulcer, a clear diagnosis can be made; if necessary, a chest radiograph can be used to determine the presence of tuberculosis. The tuberculin test can help diagnose.

If only cervical lymph nodes are enlarged and no cold abscesses or ulcers are formed, there are multiple enlarged lymph nodes on one or both sides of the neck, which are generally located at the anterior and posterior edges of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The enlarged lymph nodes are hard and painless at the initial stage and can be pushed. The lesions continue to develop and cause peri-lymphitis, which causes the lymph nodes to adhere to the skin and surrounding tissues; each lymph node can also adhere to each other and fuse into a mass to form a nodular mass that is not easy to push. Cases of necrosis occur in advanced lymph nodes and liquefaction forms cold abscess. After the abscess is ruptured, a bean dreg-like or dilute soup-like pus flows out, and finally a long-lasting sinus or chronic ulcer is formed. The skin of the edge of the ulcer is dark red, the granulation tissue is pale and edema, and the lesions of the above-mentioned different stages can appear in each lymph node of the same patient at the same time. Patients with enhanced disease resistance and properly treated lymph node tuberculosis can stop developing and become calcified.

Lymphatic tuberculosis diagnosis

(1) The cervical lymph nodes are enlarged, nodular, and painless. More common in children and youth.

(2) Isolated nodules in the early stage are relatively smooth and movable. Later nodules are fused into blocks, irregular, and poor in mobility. Lumps can form abscesses with a sense of undulation, and sinuses can form after ulceration, sneaking with the lower part of the skin and remaining unhealed.

(3) The secretions are thin and often contain casein-like substances, and the wound granulation is unhealthy.

(4) May have systemic symptoms such as low fever, night sweats, fatigue, and weight loss.

(5) Some patients may have a history or disease of tuberculosis such as the lungs.

(6) The positive results can be obtained by PCR detection of the diseased tissue.

(7) Pathological biopsy can confirm the diagnosis.

Lymphatic tuberculosis examination sequence

Use two fingers to palpate the lymph nodes before and after the ear (mastoid area). Later, the patient turned his head to the right or left, and the examiner palpated the posterior occipital lymph nodes in the suboccipital region with his right or left hand. The post-examiner supported his head with his left hand, and touched the submandibular and subcondylar lymph nodes with the fingertips of his right hand (turned palm), and examined the left side in the same way. Use two fingers to palpate along the anterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the anterior cervical triangle. Use two fingers to palpate along the anterior edge of the trapezius muscle and the posterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle at the posterior triangle of the neck. Finally, use your fingertips to touch the supraclavicular lymph nodes from shallow to deep in the supraclavicular fossa. (The palpation order of cervical lymph nodes is anterior, posterior, occipital, submandibular, submandibular, anterior, posterior, and supraclavicular.)

Cervical Lymph Node Exam Sequence-What Examinations Should Neck Lymph Node Tuberculosis Do?

1. X-ray or CT scan of the chest confirmed the damage of lung structure.

2. Indirect laryngoscopy and post-nasal examination can sometimes find tuberculosis, larynx and nasopharyngeal tuberculosis.

3. Tuberculin PPD (purified protein derivative) test Erythrocyte sedimentation test is helpful for diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis of lymph tuberculosis

(I) Differential diagnosis of lymph tuberculosis and lymphadenopathy caused by sexually transmitted diseases

1.Soft chin

It is a focal infectious disease caused by Haemophilus Ducreyi. Painful pimples of the genital area quickly rupture to form superficial ulcers with irregular edges and redness around the periphery, often fused with each other. Inguinal lymph nodes are swollen, tender, and stick together to form abscesses with a sense of undulation. The skin above the abscess is bright and red, which can rupture to form a sinus. Should be distinguished from abscess-type lymph node tuberculosis. The diagnosis is mainly established by clinical manifestations and sexual life history, and can be distinguished from lymph node tuberculosis. Bacterial culture of this disease is difficult.

STD lymphogranuloma

The disease is caused by the immune type of Chlamydia trachomatis and is more common in tropical and subtropical regions. The initial symptoms are unilateral tender tender inguinal lymphadenopathy, which develops into a large tender and fluctuating mass that adheres to deep tissues and has inflammation above the skin, which can form a fistula. May be accompanied by fever, headache, joint pain and other systemic symptoms. Diagnosis of dependent life history, clinical manifestations, and complement-combination tests. Immunofluorescence microscopy can be performed if conditions permit.

3. AIDS

There is a subtype of the AIDS-related syndrome, which is manifested as stubborn systemic lymphadenopathy and lymphadenopathy that usually lasts for more than 3 months. There is no recent history of any disease or medication that can cause lymphadenopathy. Check for AIDS virus antibody (HIV) positive. In the near future (3 to 6 months), lose weight by more than 10%, and continue to have a high temperature of 38 ° C for more than one month; In the near future (3 to 6 months), lose weight by more than 10%, and continue to have diarrhea (up to 3 ~ per day) 5 times) more than one month; Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCR); Kaposi's sarcoma (KS); obvious mold or other conditions pathogenic infection.

If HIV-positive patients lose weight, fever, and diarrhea close to the above criteria and have any of the following, they can be experimentally diagnosed with AIDS: CD4 + / CD8 lymphocyte count ratio <1, cell count decreased; systemic lymphadenopathy ; obvious symptoms and signs of central nervous system mass lesions, dementia, loss of discrimination or motor nerve dysfunction.

Although there is systemic lymphadenopathy, it is not difficult to identify lymph node tuberculosis based on medical history (history of selling blood or receiving blood products, intravenous drug use, sexual disorder, etc.) and the above clinical manifestations and laboratory tests. Biopsy of lymph node reactive hyperplasia. ^[2]

(B) the differential diagnosis of lymph tuberculosis and lymphadenopathy of connective tissue disease and rheumatism

1.Allergic subsepticemia

More common in children than in adults, clinical manifestations are: long-term repeated fever; repetitive transient polymorphous rash and joint pain; lymphadenopathy of the liver and spleen; blood and bone marrow cultures are negative; antibiotic treatment is ineffective, and Adrenal corticosteroids are effective.

Sarcoidosis

For an unexplained multisystem granulomatous disease. Can cause superficial lymphadenopathy, such as neck, upper pulley, axillary lymphadenopathy, sometimes up to the size of a walnut, hard, never softened, non-adhesive, and non-adhesive to the skin. Diagnosis basis: clinical manifestations of multiple organ damage; X-ray examination showed nodular alveolitis and pulmonary infiltration may be associated with hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement; pathological examination revealed epithelioid cell granuloma, but no caseous changes The skin Kviem test is positive, and the tuberculin skin test is negative.

3. Systemic lupus erythematosus

Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may have local or systemic lymphadenopathy, but lymphadenopathy is not a diagnostic clue for SLE. When patients, especially young women, develop fever, accompanied by skin erythema, polyarthritis, kidney damage, intermittent It is not difficult to diagnose pleurisy pain, leukopenia, hyperglobulinemia, and positive anti-DNA antibodies. SLE is difficult to distinguish from other connective tissue diseases at an early stage. According to medical history, tuberculin test, and puncture or histopathological examination, it is not difficult to identify lymphatic tuberculosis. ^[3]

(3) Differential diagnosis of lymph tuberculosis and lymphadenopathy caused by tumor

1.Malignant lymphoma

Malignant lymphomas are divided into two categories, Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Both are characterized by painless progressive lymphadenopathy, early non-adhesion, and mobility, and are common in the neck, mediastinum, and retroperitoneum. Lymph nodes and medium texture are hard like rubber. With the development of the disease, the invasion range was extremely wide, and soon merged into a mass without mobility. At this time, there was a cartilage-like sensation on palpation. Patients with Hodgkin's disease may be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as periodic fever, night sweats, itching of the skin, and marked liver enlargement. Corrosive symptoms such as hoarseness, dyspnea, and Horner syndrome can occur due to swollen lymph nodes compressing adjacent organs. Pathological examination of peripheral blood and lymph nodes found that R-S cells were the main diagnostic basis. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is dominated by painless lymphadenopathy, which most often occurs in cervical lymph nodes, followed by axillary and inguinal lymph nodes. Such as onset of extranodal lymphatic tissue (gastrointestinal tract, tonsils, nasopharynx, lung, spleen, liver, bones, skin, etc.), early misdiagnosis. When deep lymph nodes are swollen, the corresponding compression symptoms can also appear early. About 1/3 of the patients have systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, weight loss, and anemia. Advanced lymphoma can invade the bone marrow, liver, skin, and even the central nervous system and cause corresponding clinical manifestations. Pathological biopsy is the main basis for the diagnosis of lymphoma. When there is only mediastinal or abdominal lymphadenopathy, CT or ultrasound guided biopsy can be performed, and if necessary, chest and abdominal exploration can be performed (see Chapter 8 Differential Diagnosis of Spreading Pulmonary Tuberculosis).

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Leukemia can cause extensive lymphadenopathy throughout the body, which is more pronounced in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and more prominent in the neck. Swollen lymph nodes are hard, inelastic, and non-tender. They can stick to each other and form clusters in the later stage. There is no mobility and no abscess formation. The diameter can reach 2 to 3 cm. It is often accompanied by fever, bleeding, anemia, and hepatomegaly. Leukemia is diagnosed mainly not by lymph nodes, but by examining peripheral blood and bone marrow. Patients with leukemia usually have obvious hematological abnormalities, and the hemogram and bone marrow examination are generally not difficult to break, but the accurate typing often requires the help of histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.

3. Plasma cell tumor

Many plasma cell tumors can have enlarged lymph nodes. Multiple myeloma patients can have a large amount of M protein in blood and urine, osteolytic lesions and abnormal bone marrow plasma cells, so it is not difficult to establish a diagnosis. IgM in primary macroglobulinemia is usually> 20g / L. Lymphoid plasma cells infiltrate the bone marrow. There are four different types of heavy chain in heavy chain disease, which have different clinical manifestations, but can be detected by immunoelectrophoresis. The existence of a monoclonal heavy chain and lymph node biopsy can be distinguished from lymph node tuberculosis, lymphoma, and myeloma.

4. Malignant histiocytosis

Long-term fever, mainly high fever, with progressive systemic failure, wasting, anemia, enlarged lymph nodes, liver, and spleen, and reduced whole blood cells. Systemic lymphadenopathy occurs mostly in the late stages of the disease and is easily misdiagnosed early. The diagnosis is mainly based on the presence of an abnormal number of abnormal tissue cells in the bone marrow or peripheral blood, multinucleated giant tissue cells. The diagnosis can also be established by pathological biopsies of the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and other affected areas. In recent years, it has been confirmed by immunohistochemistry that many of the malignant histiocytosis diagnosed in the past are T lymphocyte tumors, and the true malignant group accounts for only a few.

5.Langerhan histiocytosis

It is a group of diseases with unknown etiology, mainly lymphoid and histiocytosis. Lesions often involve the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, lungs, bone marrow and other organs. Divided into three types: Letterer-Siwe disease: seen in infants under 2 years old, mainly with high fever, red maculopapular rash, respiratory symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy; Han-Xue-Ke ( Hand-Schuller-Christian disease: more common in children and young people, with three major features of skull defects, exophthalmos, and diabetes insipidus; eosinophilic granuloma: more common in children, with long bones or flat osteolytic bone destruction as the main Manifestations (see Chapter 8 Differential Diagnosis of Spreading Tuberculosis).

Lymph node metastasis cancer

For older, unexplained lymphadenopathy, special attention should be paid to the metastasis of certain primary tumors. Lymph nodes with cancer metastasis generally do not exceed 3 cm, with a hard texture, fast growth, no tenderness, poor adhesion to the base, and uneven surface. Painless lymphadenopathy of the neck should pay attention to metastasis of nasopharyngeal cancer and thyroid cancer. Breast cancer often metastasizes to axillary lymph nodes. Metastatic carcinoma of the supraclavicular lymph node can come from the stomach, bronchus, esophagus, mediastinum, pancreas and other organs. Generally speaking, metastatic carcinoma of the right supraclavicular lymphoma has come from cancers of the respiratory system for many years, while most of the metastatic carcinoma of the left supraclavicular lymph nodes comes from digestive cancer . And often late signs. Inguinal lymph node metastasis can be found in urogenital cancer. X-ray, CT, MRI, B-ultrasound, radionuclide scanning and some serological tests such as alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen and other tests can help find the primary tumor, but histopathological basis is still needed to confirm the diagnosis. ^[4]

(D) Differential diagnosis of lymph tuberculosis and lymphadenopathy caused by chronic infection

1. Chronic non-specific lymphadenitis

When cervical lymph node tuberculosis is in the proliferative phase (nodular type), this type is easily confused with chronic cervical lymphadenitis. Chronic lymphadenitis often involves several lymph nodes in the superficial layer of the submandibular neck. The volume is small, and infection lesions can be found. For example, head lesions can be spread to the ears and mastoid lymph nodes; oral and pharyngeal diseases can cause submandibular and palate Swelling of the lower lymph nodes. Lymph node biopsy or needle aspiration and pathological and cytological examination can confirm the diagnosis, such as tuberculosis may have pathological changes in tuberculosis, such as non-specific chronic lymphadenitis can see neutrophils, monocytes, plasma cell infiltration.

Nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis

The disease mainly invades the lymph nodes in the submandibular and near the upper jaw, and is mostly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is particularly common in children under 5 years of age, and is often not accompanied by intrapulmonary tuberculosis, which often needs to be distinguished from nodular and ulcerative types of cervical lymph tuberculosis. Nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis is more common than tuberculous lymphadenitis in the United States and is an important cause of cervical lymphadenitis. Nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis is 10 times more common in the United States than typical tuberculous lymphadenitis.

The symptoms of this disease are slightly more rapid than tuberculous lymphadenitis, and the enlarged lymph nodes are not red and painless. They can move even if the lymph nodes are larger than 3cm. Antituberculosis treatment is less effective than tuberculous lymph node tuberculosis, and will not heal for a long time. The diagnosis is mainly based on bacteriological examination and classification of bacteria.

3.Infectious mononucleosis

This symptom often starts with symptoms, acute lymphadenopathy of the whole body, and cervical lymphadenopathy is common, especially in the left posterior neck group. The enlarged lymph nodes are moderately hard, non-adhesive, non-purulent, and tender. May be accompanied by fever, angina, rash, lymphocytes up to 50% to 90%, and heteromorphic lymphocytes, heterophilic agglutination test positive up to 80% to 90%. Pathological examination can confirm the diagnosis.

4.Filariasis

Bannell's and Malaria filariasis can cause chronic lymphangiitis and lymphadenitis with systemic or local superficial or deep lymphadenopathy, most commonly inguinal lymph nodes. If combined with lower extremity lymphatic obstruction, it can cause lower extremity rubber swelling. Eosinophils in the blood increased, and microfilariae in peripheral blood were examined at night to confirm the diagnosis.

5. Toxoplasmosis (protozoan diseases)

A single or a group of lymph nodes can be seen in the unilateral neck, with mild tenderness or no pain, no suppuration, general discomfort, low fever, or no symptoms. The diagnosis is confirmed by pathogen examination, toxoplasmin test and complement test.

6. Leptospirosis (spironosis) (see Differential diagnosis of blood-borne disseminated tuberculosis)

Rodents and pigs are the main sources of infection. Early (leptoplasma) clinical manifestations are fever; prominent headache, generalized myalgia, especially gastrocnemius. Systemic weakness, especially soft legs, sometimes difficulty walking, resulting in inability to get out of bed; conjunctival congestion, persistent, no secretions and photophobia; gastrocnemius tenderness; superficial lymphadenopathy throughout the body, which can appear early , More common in the groin, axillary lymph nodes, mostly soybeans or broad beans, tenderness, but no congestion and inflammation, and no suppuration. Early diagnosis of this disease is difficult, and a positive pathogenic or serological test result is required for clinical diagnosis. The intermediate and recovery phases are complex (see Chapter 8 for differential diagnosis of blood-borne tuberculosis). Therefore, comprehensive analysis should be made in combination with epidemiological history, early clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings, which can be distinguished from lymph node tuberculosis.

7, fungal infections

Fungal foot infections can cause chronic inguinal lymphadenopathy. Histoplasmosis is often associated with hilar lymphadenopathy. Sporotrichosis is a chronic deep mycosis that involves papilloma-like lesions in the affected tissue, which can rupture, purify, and cause local lymphadenopathy. It is not difficult to distinguish from lymph node tuberculosis, and the diagnosis can be confirmed by fungal smear and culture. ^[5]

Lymphatic tuberculosis treatment

Lymphatic tuberculosis western medicine treatment

(A) proper attention to nutrition and rest during systemic treatment. Isoniazid orally for 1-2 years, with symptoms of systemic toxicity or tuberculosis elsewhere in the body. Plus take sodium salicylate or rifampicin or intramuscularly with streptomycin.

(Two) local treatment

1. A few localized, larger, propelling lymph nodes may be considered for surgical resection. Be careful not to damage the accessory nerves during surgery.

2. If a cold abscess has formed but has not yet been punctured, a subcutaneous puncture may be performed to extract the pus. Insert the needle from the normal skin around the abscess. Remove as much pus as possible, and then inject 5% isotonic solution or 10% streptomycin solution into the pus cavity for irrigation. An appropriate amount was kept in the pus cavity twice a week.

3 If the cold abscess is ulcerated and ulcers or sinuses are formed, if the secondary infection is not obvious, it is feasible to include surgery. Carefully remove all of the final lesions. The wound was not sutured and changed with a streptomycin solution.

4 Those with secondary purulent infection of cold abscess. Incision and drainage need to be performed first, and after the infection is controlled, the curettage is performed if necessary.

Lymph tuberculosis TCM treatment

Chinese medicine believes that the incidence of dysentery is mostly caused by the accumulation of wind, heat and toxic substances such as Sanjiao, Liver, Gallbladder, Qi and blood loss in the liver and kidney, and internal fire caused by virtual fire. Acute is usually caused by exogenous wind-heat and internal sputum poisoning; chronic is often caused by qi depression and virtual injury. The disease is often frustrated, dispirited, and sloppy.

Hand palm moxibustion

Indications: Lymphadenitis, lymph tuberculosis, lymphoma.

Area of circulation: Sulu.

Main ingredients: starch, realgar and so on.

To use: Leave two pills for 24 hours each.

Bogey: Do not eat spicy within six months after taking the medicine. Do not eat seafood within three months. Do not eat roosters within one month.

Note: Do not swallow.

Sheng Xuan Tang

Recorded in Volume III of The Secret of the Blue Chamber,

It is one of the effective prescriptions for Li's treatment of dysentery "lymphatic tuberculosis" in the past century.

Name Nei Xuan Xuan Tang

Indications of function Lymphatic tuberculosis " " is soft and firm, and the bulbous sputum nucleus is swollen or painful.

Ingredients More than 60 flavors include Yinzhong, Xuanshen, Monkey Date, Trichosanthin, Cicada, Xuanming.

[Usage] Oral heating.

[Properties] This product is a brown-yellow packaging decoction.

[Information Source] Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Chinese Medicine Journal.

Contraindications Pregnant women should not use it.

[Storage] Sealed and refrigerated.

Loose

Drug 2, 2 fresh eggs.

[Usage] Bake the ground flour on the ground tile, divide it into 2 portions; take fresh eggs and break one end of each end with a small mouth, and let out a little egg white. Add 1 serving of minced egg to each egg, and cover the small mouth with paper or pastry. In the morning, boil 1 egg with 30 grams of prunella, eat eggs and drink soup; at night, wrap another egg with several layers of wet paper, and cook it on a gray fire. 10 days is a course of treatment.

Note: Toxic, reduce the dosage of children and frailty; do not take spicy and irritating products during intercourse, and forbid intercourse; do not use it for fever and hemoptysis, and wait until the condition is stable.

Cat eye cream

[Drugs] Cat's Eyes 5000 grams.

[Usage] Wash the medicine with 15000 grams of water, soak in the water for 3 days, boil it for 3 hours on a slow fire, remove the slag, and boil it slowly until it foams like fisheye, then it becomes a paste, and bottle it for use. After removing the necrotic tissues and the flesh of the wound under anaesthesia, it was covered with sterile gauze coated with cat's eye ointment (who had sinus tract scraped soybean dregs and pus with curette and then took appropriate amount of ointment), and then bandaged and fixed. Depending on the amount of pus, dressings are changed once a day or every other day until the sore is healed. Severe cases can take anti-paeony.

[Effectiveness] This prescription is used to treat 245 cases of ulcerative cervical lymph tuberculosis, and 306 sores have been cured.

Note that the cat's eye is Euphorbia lunulata Bge. The whole grass has the functions of expectorant, antitussive, antiasthmatic and antitoxic itching.

Egg

Medicine 1 (head and foot), 3 scorpions, 1 egg.

[Usage] Baking the medicine, researching the fines together, taking the eggs to open a small hole, incorporating the medicines, mixing and wrapping with dough, and putting the cooked food in the wood ash, once a day, one at a time, 10 days is 1 Course of treatment.

Huangjing prunella cream

[Drugs] 100 grams of fresh Polygonatum, 200 grams of fresh prunella.

[Usage] Chop the medicine, add 500 ml of water to cook, and finally concentrate it into a paste. According to the size of the affected area, spread the ointment on the sterilized gauze and stick it on the affected area. If there is an ulcer, cut a small hole in the gauze to ease the pus. Change the dressing once a day.

Tuberculosis cream

[Drugs] 80 grams of fire lime, 100 ml of shi carbonate, 200 ml of tung oil.

Usage Use tung oil in a porcelain bowl or a small iron pot, boil over low heat, put in carbolic acid, boil the lime into a semi-paste, and use it for bottle equipment. Rub the affected area 2 to 3 times a day.

[Effectiveness] This prescription is used for the treatment of suppurative cervical lymph tuberculosis.

Consumer

[Drugs] 20 grams of Scrophulariae, 15 grams of Fritillaria, seaweed, prunella, and habitat, 9 grams of pangolin.

[Usage] 1 dose per day, decoction. 1 month is 1 course of treatment. According to the physical condition, the medicine honey can also be made into pills, 6 grams each morning and evening.

Sheep Gall Pill

Main ingredients: Yangdan dry cream, Baibu, Baiji, Fritillaria cirrhosa, Licorice.

Function and pharmacology: Runfei lungs and phlegm, detoxify and kill insects. Pharmacology has confirmed that bile acid and deoxycholic acid in sheep bile have certain antibacterial effects on a variety of bacteria; in vitro experiments of Baibu and licorice have inhibitory effects on human tuberculosis and various bacteria.

Dosage and usage: 3g each time, 2 times a day, served with warm water, avoid cold and greasy

1. Take 200 grams of fresh soil Poria every day, decoction twice, take 1 week as a course of treatment, stop for 1 week after a course of treatment, and then perform the second course of treatment, usually 1 to 3 courses.

2. Treatment of lymphadenitis, lymph tuberculosis, simple goiter: 20 grams of seaweed, 2 eggs, 250 grams of clam meat, 60 grams of mung bean vermicelli, and 30 grams of horseshoe flour. First dilute the horseshoe powder with water; remove the shells and stir well; wash the clam meat, put it in the pot, add an appropriate amount of water, cook in a simmering heat, add the vermicelli, horseshoe flour, and eggs, turn off the heat after boiling, and add the laver Seasoning meals.

3. 10 grams of seaweed, fried in water, served twice a day, or use seaweed to make soup, served as a dish every day, even for a month or two.

4. Laver radish soup: 15 grams of laver, 20 grams of white radish, add 2 small pieces of tangerine peel, cook the soup together, add a little salt to flavor and eat, treat goiter and lymph tuberculosis.

5. Use 3 kg of raw taro, dry the ground, and use 300 g of Chen Haiyu (washed salt) and 300 g of horseshoe. Add two flavors and boil it to remove the residue. Add taro powder to make a pellet like mung bean. Bring water to serve, 6 grams each time, three times a day; or wash it with fresh taro, steam it in a pot, peel it, season it with soy sauce, and eat it every day as a dish. Treatment of embolism, cervical lymphadenopathy, etc.

Lymphatic tuberculosis prevention

Lymphatic tuberculosis controls the source of infection

The main source of tuberculosis is tuberculosis patients, especially patients with sputum tuberculosis-positive patients who receive reasonable chemotherapy early. The tuberculosis gram in sputum decreases and disappears in a short period of time, and almost 100% can be cured. Therefore, early detection of patients, especially bacteria-positive It is the central link of modern anti-maggot work to give reasonable chemotherapy in time.

The method of early detection of patients is to perform X-ray chest X-ray and bacterial bacteriological examination in time for the following people:

(1) Patients with chronic cough and hemoptysis who have failed antibiotic treatment.

(2) Contacts around patients with open tuberculosis.

(3) Family members of children with strong positive results in the test.

(4) Factory and mine workers, especially patients with silicosis.

(5) Regular chest X-ray examination of the population in areas where tuberculosis is more prevalent can detect some asymptomatic patients early.

Lymphatic tuberculosis cuts off transmission

Tuberculosis is transmitted mainly through the respiratory tract. Therefore, it is forbidden to spit. The sputum, daily necessities and surroundings of bacteria-positive patients should be disinfected and properly treated. The room can be disinfected with ultraviolet radiation once a day or every other day for 2 hours each time. Sterilize for 10-15 minutes, and expose the bedding to 4-6 hours under Liege. The sputum box can be soaked with 5% -10% for 2 hours. It is best to spit on paper or burn with 20% bleach solution. -8 hours.

BCG vaccination

BCG vaccine is a non-pathogenic live vaccine. After inoculating the human body, people who have not been infected with tuberculosis can gain specific immunity to tuberculosis, with a protection rate of about 80%. It can be maintained for 5-10 years, so those who turn negative for the hormone test after several years need to be replanted. The vaccinates are those who have not been infected with tuberculosis bacteria and who have negative test results. The younger they are, the better. They are usually injected within three months after birth, mainly for newborns and infants, primary and secondary school students, and citizens of ethnic minority areas newly entering the city. Inoculation and replanting are performed for those who have a negative result of the test. The methods of inoculation include intradermal injection and scratch on the skin. Intradermal injection is preferred. The effect of BCG vaccination is positive, especially in children including acute miliary tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis. The incidence of BCG vaccination is significantly reduced, but the immunity produced by BCG is also relatively relative. Other preventive measures should be taken seriously.

Lymphatic tuberculosis care

Lymphatic tuberculosis mental health

(1) Eliminate fear

To eliminate the fear of tuberculosis, first of all, let patients know about tuberculosis. Doctors need to explain to patients the cause of TB and the current status of treatment, so that they understand that the distribution of TB treatment has changed from 40 years ago. In the past, because there were no drugs to inhibit TB bacteria, bed rest, sun exposure, The air is fresh and nutritious. The smell is low and the mortality rate is high. With the development of society and the development of science and technology, effective anti-tuberculosis drugs have come out one after another, making it possible to cure tuberculosis. TB can be completely cured as long as the patient takes the medication in accordance with the doctor's requirements and regularly. Patients should be frequently educated and explained about tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge and health care common sense, so that patients have a correct understanding of their condition, encourage patients to always maintain an optimistic mood, cheer up, and relax can promote the promotion of appetite, and digestive juice The functions of the secretion and digestive tract make accountants stingy. At the same time, a happy mood can ensure good sleep and rest, which naturally improves the body's disease resistance, coupled with the use of anti-tuberculosis and drugs, the patient's body can recover quickly.

(2) Pay attention to rest and avoid fatigue

For tuberculosis patients, although there are reasonable treatment plans and rich nutritional equipment, if they don't pay attention to rest, they will be too tired and their condition will worsen. Because tuberculosis is a chronic wasting disease, it is often accompanied by fatigue. Only when the patient s body is properly rested can energy and physical strength be restored. Reasonable rest is one of the key issues related to whether the tuberculosis patient can be cured. .

First, you should get enough sleep. While still sleeping, various life activities in the body such as heart rate, blood pressure, breathing pulse, and various metabolic functions are low, muscles are in a relaxed state, and energy consumption throughout the body is greatly reduced, enabling the function to use sufficient energy to repair and restore human bags Damage caused by Ben's illness. In general, at least 9 hours of sleep should be guaranteed at night, 1-2 hours of noon should be taken at noon, and those who are weak should stay in bed for about 1 hour at 10 am. At the same time, they should pay attention to the combination of movement and static, and warn patients to do what they can Activities such as walking, painting, playing chess, cultivating flowers, and so on. Prolonged bedriding will reduce the function of various organs throughout the body and weaken the body's resistance to disease. Sitting and inactive for a long time will cause tension in the lower back muscles and quiet in the lower cavity. Blood stasis, so it is said that adequate sleep and appropriate activities alternately and reasonable arrangements are the best way to strengthen the patient system and improve the ability to fight tuberculosis. Improved patients can increase the time and intensity of activities and do some housework. Prepare for normal work, but never exceed the patient's load capacity, it is advisable not to feel tired. Patients with stable conditions can resume normal work, but not too tired. Rest should be guaranteed during spare time.

(3) keep a happy mood

Changes in a person's mental state and mood have a direct impact on physical health. As the saying goes: smile, less than ten years, learn about it, and turn your head away, indicating that optimism is an important secret of health. Open-minded people rarely get sick. Even if they are sick, they are also optimistic about fighting the disease and soon On the contrary, people with narrow-minded and sentimental feelings may occasionally learn of large patients with a minor illness. Therefore, in order to cure their own diseases as soon as possible, in addition to regular treatment, they must pay special attention to controlling their emotions. Negative emotions can reduce the body's neuroregulatory ability, while positive emotions can improve the body's resistance to disease. The ancients said that worrying and hurting the spleen indicates that trauma has a significant impact on the function of the digestive organs. Emotional excitement such as annoyance, anxiety, hydrazine, fear, anger, reduced appetite, malnutrition, and decreased resistance will naturally lead to illness. Therefore, control your emotional illness and actively cooperate with the treatment, so as to promote the early recovery of the disease.